The Rock Cycle
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Transcript of The Rock Cycle
The Rock CycleThinking about relationships among
the major rock groups
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Major Rock Groups• Igneous
– Formed from a magma (molten rock) either erupting onto the surface or being held below the surface and cooling.
• Sedimentary– Formed from sediments such as mud, sand and gravel
that accumulate in layers on the floor of places like the sea, lakes or river deltas. These sediments have been compacted and often cemented together to form rocks
• Metamorphic– formed beneath the surface when older igneous and
sedimentary rocks are transformed by a combination of heat and pressure.
Fig. 2.9
MAGMA
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MAGMA
Crystallization
IGNEOUS
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MAGMA
IGNEOUS
Plutonic
Crystallization
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MAGMA
Volcanic
IGNEOUS
Plutonic
Crystallization
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MAGMA
Volcanic
IGNEOUS
Plutonic
Uplift
Crystallization
Weathering
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MAGMA
Volcanic
IGNEOUS
Plutonic
SEDIMENT
Uplift
Crystallization
Weathering SEDIMENT
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MAGMA
Volcanic
IGNEOUS
Plutonic
SEDIMENT
SEDIMENTARY
Uplift
Crystallization
WeatheringErosion
Transport
Deposition
What is Weathering & Erosion?
• Weathering is the breaking down of rocks by natural processes. Weathering can break rocks down in three different ways, described as physical weathering, chemical weathering and biological weathering.
• Erosion is the movement of soil and other weathered material from one place to another. It can be done by wind or water, and the water can be moving quickly like a river, repetitively like the sea or slowly like a glacier.
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MAGMA
Volcanic
IGNEOUS
Plutonic
SEDIMENT
SEDIMENTARY
Uplift
Crystallization
WeatheringErosion
Transport
Deposition
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MAGMA
Volcanic
IGNEOUS
Plutonic
SEDIMENT
SEDIMENTARY
METAMORPHIC
UpliftBurial
Increased P&T
Crystallization
WeatheringErosion
Transport
Deposition
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MAGMA
Volcanic
IGNEOUS
Plutonic
SEDIMENT
SEDIMENTARY
METAMORPHIC
UpliftBurial
Increased P&T
MeltingCrystallization
WeatheringErosion
Transport
DepositionCan you see
any shortcuts?
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MAGMA
Volcanic
IGNEOUS
Plutonic
SEDIMENT
SEDIMENTARY
METAMORPHIC
UpliftBurial
Increased P&T
MeltingCrystallization
WeatheringErosion
Transport
Deposition
• The rock cycle demonstrates the relationships among the three major rock groups
• It is powered by the interior heat of the Earth
• As well as earth’s momentum and…
• The energy from the sun
• It involves processes on the Earth’s surface as well as the Earth’s interior
• It connects the “hydrologic cycle” with the “tectonic cycle”.
In Conclusion…
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MAGMA
Volcanic
IGNEOUS
Plutonic
SEDIMENT
SEDIMENTARY
METAMORPHIC
UpliftBurial
Increased P&T
MeltingCrystallization
WeatheringErosion
Transport
Deposition
Tasks to complete
1. Draw a simple diagram of the Rock Cycle
2. Write a paragraph to explain what the diagram shows. Include the processes linking each type of rock
3. Erosion and weathering are two processes that are easily confused. Explain what each process does
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