THE “ROAD MAP” - University of the...
Transcript of THE “ROAD MAP” - University of the...
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PRACTICAL ROADMAP
EPITHELIUM
A. Jovanović
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EPITHELIA
• Simple epithelia
Simple squamous
Simple cuboidal
Simple columnar
Pseudostratified
• Stratified epithelia
Stratified squamous
- non keratinized
- keratinized
Transitional
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SIMPLE EPITHELIA
• Slide 66 Choroid plexus
Simple squamous epithelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium
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CHOROID PLEXUS
Brain tissue
Choroidplexus
Ventricle
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CHOROID PLEXUS
Brain tissue
Vascular choroidplexus
Ventricle
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CHOROID PLEXUS
Ependymalcells
Capillary
Ventricle
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CHOROID PLEXUS
Simple cuboidal epithelium
(Ependymal cells)
Simple squamous epithelium
(Endothelium of capillary)
Ventricle
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SIMPLE EPITHELIA
• Slide 85 Jejunum
Simple columnar epithelium
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JEJUNUM
Wall of jejunum
Lumen of jejunum
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Plica circulares (Plicae circulares – plural)
Villi (plural) Villus (singular)
Lumen
JEJUNUM
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PLICA CIRCULARESwith a core of connective tissue - submucosa
Submucosa
Villus
Simple columnar
epithelium
Lumen
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VILLUSwith a core of connective tissue – lamina propria
Lamina propria
Goblet cell
Columnar cell
Microvillus (striated) boarder
Lumen
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SIMPLE EPITHELIA
• Slide 32 Trachea and Oesophagus
Trachea - Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells
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TRACHEA AND OESOPHAGUS
Trachea
Oesophagus
C shaped hyaline
cartilage ring
Folded oesophagealepithelium
Lumen
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Lumen
EpitheliumCartilage
Glands in the submucosa
TRACHEA
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Epithelium
Lumen
Submucosa with a hyaline cartilage Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosa
Submucosal glandsTRACHEA
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Goblet cell
Cilia
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells
Basement membrane
Columnar cell
Note how nuclei of different cells lay on different levels within this simple epithelium, giving the false stratified appearance (hence the name)
Lumen
TRACHEA
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STRATIFIED EPITHELIA
• Slide 32 Trachea and Oesophagus
Oesophagus – Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium
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TRACHEA AND OESOPHAGUS
Lumen
Epithelium
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OESOPHAGUS
Lumen
StratifiedEpithelium
Lamina propria
Muscularis mucosa
Muscularis externa
Submucosa
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Stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium
Note: Black arrows are pointing at the nuclei present within the uppermost layer of squamous epithelial cells
Note: Multiple layers of epithelial cells changing the shape from the basement membrane towards the lumen of the organ
Lumen
OESOPHAGUS
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Note: Black arrows pointing at the nuclei present within the uppermost layer of squamous epithelial cells
“Islands” of connective tissue within epithelium
Lumen
OESOPHAGUS
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STRATIFIED EPITHELIA
• Slide 35 Thick skin
Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium
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THICK SKIN
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
Free surface
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Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
Epidermal ridgeDermal papilla
Free surface
THICK SKIN
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Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium
Numerous layers of keratinized epithelial cells which will eventually peel off
“Islands” of connective tissuewithin epidermis
THICK SKIN
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Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium
Note: The change in the cell shape from the cuboidal , nucleated cells laying on the basement membrane to the squamous keratinized cells in the uppermost layers
Clear cell
THICK SKIN
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STRATIFIED EPITHELIA
• Slide 43 Urinary bladder
Transitional epithelium (Urothelium)
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URINARY BLADDER
Note the folded epithelium of the urinary bladderin the relaxed state
Smooth muscle
SerosaMucosa
Lum
en
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Note: Mucosa consists of epithelium (urothelium) and connective tissue – lamina propria
Lum
en
Urothelium
Lamina propria
Smooth muscleMucosa
URINARY BLADDER
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Lumen
Urothelium
UrotheliumUmbrella shaped cells, some binucleated
Lamina propria
Note: The number of cell layers (6-8) in the relaxed state of this stratified epithelium will decrease (3-4) when the bladder fills up with urine. Dome shaped umbrella cells will become flattened
URINARY BLADDER
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Lumen
Umbrella shaped cells
Note: Umbrella cells are large, elliptical often binucleated cells with prominent nucleoli, vacuolated cytoplasm and apical plaques containing uroplakins. They cover multiple underlying transitional cells in a parasol-like fashion. Intermediate cells are cuboidal to low columnar while basal cells are more cylindrical, can be flat when bladder wall is stretched and lie on continuous basement membrane.
Vacuolated cytoplasm
Apical plaquesIntermediate cells
Basal cells