THE RESPIRATORY

SYSTEM Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood, air & tissues

NOSE & MOUTH Entryway for air

PHARYNX

Common pathway for food and air

EPIGLOTTIS

Flap that closes off the trachea when swallowing (prevents choking)

LARYNX

Voice box containing vocal cords

TRACHEA

Tube lined with cartilage rings (carries air to lungs)

trachea

BRONCHI &BRONCHIOLES Branch off from trachea into lung

bronchi

bronchioles

ALVEOLI

Grape-like air sacs responsible for exchanging gases with the blood

LUNGS

Have large surface area for gas exchange

HEALTHY LUNG

EMPHYSEMA

LUNG CANCER

DIAPHRAGM Muscular sheet that contracts to bring air into & relaxes to push air out of the lung

NOSE

EPIGLOTTISLARYNX

BRONCHIOLES

ALVEOLI

TRACHEA

DIAPHRAGM

PHARYNX

BRONCHI

MOUTH

LUNGS

Inhalation Exhalation

Air in

Air out

Diaphragm

Ribs

rise

Ribs

fall

Mechanisms of Breathing

4.ASTHMA

narrowing of bronchial tubes and swelling of the mucous membranes. (allergy-related)

5.

Alveoli loose their elasticity

(stay filled w/air after exhaling)

Diseases caused by smoking:

The 411 on Tobacco1. Ingredients- cyanide

- carbon monoxide

- nicotine (addictive drug that stimulates nervous system)

In regular respiration, O2 (oxygen) hooks onto hemoglobin in the

blood & is transported to the body.

When smoke is inhaled, O2 is replaced by CO – carbon monoxide

(which is toxic).