The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.
-
Upload
marion-hodges -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
0
Transcript of The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.
![Page 1: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Puritan Mission and How It Failed
The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy
![Page 2: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
I. The Second Side of English Colonization
How can colonies founded at roughly the same time by people from the same country produce such different influences on American history?
![Page 3: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
A. Puritan Ideals and American Culture
1. “cultural empire”
2. Emphasize education &
reform- Abolition- Temperance- Feminism - Transcendentalism
![Page 4: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
3. “City on a Hill” (John Winthrop, 1630)
- Americans chosen by God
- myth of “Redemptive Violence”
![Page 5: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
4. When the “mission” fails…
- recrimination, paranoia- tendency to persecute
Salem Witch Trials
McCarthyism
Terror alerts?
![Page 6: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
- Failure contradicts everything they believe(“God’s chosen people”)
- Only way this could happen is if they werebetrayed (internal threat)
![Page 7: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Puritan Paradox
This inherently undemocratic society laid the foundations of American democracy
![Page 8: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
B. Comparison w/ Virginia1. Land distribution
2. Power structure
3. Economy
4. Environment
5. Ideals
![Page 9: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
II. The Puritan Dilemmas
The Evolution of Puritan Theology and American History
![Page 10: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
A. Roots of the Puritan Movement
1. Reformation in England
Henry VIII Bloody Mary Elizabeth I
![Page 11: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
B. The Ghost of John Calvin
1. Reform of the High Church
2. Blasphemy of “Free Will”
- “Grace”- good works don’t matter
![Page 12: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
3. Predestination
a. Advantages- “plan” for life- natural egalitarianism
b. Dangers
So…Puritans have to cheat
![Page 13: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
C. Your cheatin’ heart
1. Cheat #1a. The Covenant
John Cotton, 1636
![Page 14: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
b. Mayflower Compact, 1620 - community first
![Page 15: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
2. Cheat #2
Conversion process
[prominent role in American Protestantism]
![Page 16: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
3. Cheat #3
Visible Saints / the Elect
![Page 17: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
D. Cheaters sometimes prosper
1. Full church membershipa. receive sacraments
b. baptize children (membership)
c. vote on minister
d. political rights
Egalitarian, democratic(?)
![Page 18: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
III. Things fall apart
The failure of the Puritan Mission
![Page 19: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
A. Internal division
1. Egalitarian but intolerant
Roger Williams Anne Hutchinson
![Page 20: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
2. New England’s competing communities
![Page 21: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
B. Judgment Day deferred
1. English Commonwealth, 1649-60
2. Cromwell’s betrayal
3. the Restoration, 1660
Oliver Cromwell
![Page 22: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
4. Can’t save the world…save yourself
…by 1670s, even this seemed impossible
Loss of Confidence
Population Growth
Economic Prosperity
![Page 23: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
C. Loss of Confidence1. Lack of conversion (3rd generation)
- fewer church members- fewer voters
2. “Halfway” Covenant (S. Stoddard) cheat 4
- vote, but no sacraments
By 1700, Puritan church not so pure
![Page 24: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
D. Population Growth
1. Farms becoming smaller
2. Westward migration
![Page 25: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
E. Prosperity1. Diverse New England economy
- rise of the “Yankee” trader
Whaling and commercial centers
![Page 26: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
2. That “Visible Saints” thing comes back to bite them in the butt
- God’s favor
- capitalist ethic conquers communal control
![Page 27: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
When ideals fail in a society built on idealism, someone has to pay
![Page 28: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
IV. Salem Possessed
The last gasp of the medieval world
![Page 29: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
A. Wrath of God
1. King Philip’s War, 1675-76
2. 1680s smallpox epidemic
3. 1684 – Royal Colonyloss of political control
![Page 30: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
B. Witches among us
1. Feb. 1692, Samuel Parris’s daughterpossessed
2. Arrests did not calm fears
Trial of George Jacobs
![Page 31: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
C. Causes
1. Lysergic acid (LSD)
![Page 32: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
2. Economic/social rivalry
- Exploitation of initial fears
- Village v. Town
- Putnams v. Porters
![Page 33: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
D. The implications
1. Increase Mather, William Phips
1697 – Day of Atonement
1711 – Restitution to survivors and heirs
2. Embarrassment
Nathaniel Hawthorne
![Page 34: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Some final thoughts
1. Puritans fail “upward”
2. Communal ideals build democratic tradition rights based on
inclusion in community basis of independence
![Page 35: The Puritan Mission and How It Failed The Unlikely Origins of American Democracy.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062409/56649f2f5503460f94c490cb/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
4. Theological conformity (covenant) gives way to individualism (Visible Saints) - economic liberty, or capitalism
5. Witch trials leave New England fertile ground for personal individualism
Abolition Feminism Transcendentalism