The Pulse of the Sector:Nonprofit Organizations in North Central Florida

The Pulse of the Sector: Nonprofit Organizations in North Central Florida

RESEARCH TEAM Jennifer A. Jones, Ph.D.

Caitlin J. Hunter

CONTRIBUTORS

Tracy Irani, Ph.D.

Muthusami Kumaran, Ph.D.

Angela B. Lindsey, Ph.D.

Dale Pracht, Ph.D.

SPONSORS

UF/IFAS Department of Family, Youth & Community Sciences

Copyright © 2016

University of Florida

Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences

College of Agriculture and Life Sciences

Department of Family, Youth & Community

Sciences

All Rights Reserved

http://fycs.ifas.ufl.edu/research-nonprofit/

Please cite as:

Jones, J. A., Hunter, C. J., Irani, T. A., Kumaran,

M., Lindsey, A. B., & Pracht, D. (2016). The Pulse

of the sector: Nonprofit organizations in North

Central Florida. Gainesville, FL: Institute of Food

and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida.

3

Table of Contents

Introduction 5

Snapshot of the Nonprofit Sector in North Central Florida 6

The 501(c)(3) Nonprofit Sector in North Central Florida 7

TypesofNonprofitOrganizations 8

Economic Dimensions of the Nonprofit Sector in North Central Florida 10

GeneralEconomicDimensions 10

NonprofitRevenueandExpenses 10

NonprofitFinancesDuringtheGreatRecession 13

Nonprofit Employment in North Central Florida 16

Nonprofit Funding in North Central Florida 17

LocalPrivateFoundations 17

MoniesFlowingIntoNorthCentralFlorida 17

FoundationFunding 17

FederalGrantDollars 20

Conclusion 21

Technical Appendix 22

4

5

Introduction

HOME TO MORE THAN 62,000 nonprofit

organizations, Florida has one of the largest nonprofit

sectors in the country. Nonprofit organizations often

work closely with other public sector organizations,

including public institutions of higher education. In

Florida, the University of Florida is a public institution

of higher education that makes an investment in

local communities through the efforts of its state

and county faculty, and often collaborates with

nonprofit organizations to do so. However, there are no

current, validated analyses of the imprint of nonprofit

organizations on the state and its communities. The

purpose of this pilot project, therefore, is to develop

an accurate, useful snapshot of the nonprofit sector in

North Central Florida (see map on page 3).

When we understand the nonprofit sector, we under-

stand a lot about a community. The financial and organi-

zational health of the sector, as this report suggests, is

related to the economic and social health of the commu-

nity. A strong, vibrant nonprofit sector contributes to a

strong, vibrant local economy by, for example:

1. Providing childcare and afterschool programs that

allow parents to go to work each day;

2.Organizing cultural and religious activities

that help businesses attract and retain

talented employees;

3.Offering sports and leisure activities that provide

opportunities for adults to exercise and develop

sportsmanship; and

4.Acting to preserve our environment for

generations to come.

North Central Florida, in particular, is a region of great

beauty and a region of great contrasts. It is the home of

several large universities and the intellectual and social

resources attracted by such institutions. It is also home

to some of Florida’s poorest counties, counties with

some of the lowest health indicators in the state.

This project is sponsored by UF/IFAS Extension and

UF/IFAS Research, which are part of the University of

Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences

(UF/IFAS). UF/IFAS is a federal-state-county partner-

ship dedicated to developing knowledge in agriculture,

human and natural resources, and the life sciences.

UF/IFAS has research and education facilities located

throughout Florida and UF/IFAS Extension has offices in

all of Florida’s 67 counties.

It is our hope that by presenting these data we can

collectively see the significant and varied imprint of the

nonprofit sector in the North Central Region. We hope

to inspire cross-sectoral partnerships—including the con-

tinued and expanded collaboration with UF/IFAS Exten-

sion and nonprofit organizations—that can improve the

quality of life for all Floridians. We also hope to provide

data that can inform the decision-making processes of

policy makers, funders, and nonprofit leaders. The pulse

of the nonprofit sector is, after all, the pulse of the com-

munity.

6

Snapshot of the Nonprofit Sector in North Central Florida

THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE RECOGNIZES many types of 501(c) nonprofit

organizations. However, the most commonly

known are 501(c)(3) organizations, or those

nonprofits which are tax exempt and organized

for charitable, religious, educational, scientific,

and other exempt purposes.

SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Insti-tute, 2014 Business Master Files and 2013 Core Files; Florida Department of Economic Opportunity, Bureau of Labor Market Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages

In North Central Florida, there are 4,968 501(c)

nonprofit organizations, 77% of which are

501(c)(3) charitable nonprofit organizations.

From this point on, this report will address only

501(c)(3) nonprofit organizations—the largest and

most rapidly growing category—and will refer to

them as “nonprofits”.

Snapshotof501(c)(3)NonprofitsinNorthCentralFlorida

FIGURE 1: Typesof501(c)NonprofitOrganizationsinNorthCentralFlorida

The 501(c)(3) Nonprofit Sector in North Central Florida

LIKE MUCH OF THE UNITED STATES, Florida

experienced a steady increase in the number of

nonprofits between 2000 and 2010, a trend which then

slowed between 2010 and 2013. This change is likely

attributable to the recession and, also, to a change in

IRS tax law which resulted in approximately 272,000

nonprofits nationwide being removed from the official

IRS records. The sector’s downswing, however, may

have ended: Both North Central Florida and Florida

experienced an increase (7% and 9% respectively) in

the number of nonprofits between 2013 and 2014.

FIGURE 3: GrowthintheNonprofitSectorinFlorida

SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2000-2014 Business Master Files

FIGURE 2: GrowthintheNonprofitSectorinNorthCentralFlorida

SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2000-2014 Business Master Files

8

TYPES OF NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS

Nonprofit organizations are classified into sub-

sectors via the National Taxonomy for Exempt

Entities (NTEE). In Table 1, the number and

percentage of nonprofits in each subsector is

presented for North Central Florida, Florida, and,

for comparison purposes, the United States. With

regard to the number of nonprofits, Religion is

the largest subsector in North Central Florida, fol-

lowed by Human Services and Education.

In general, the distribution of nonprofits between

subsectors is similar throughout all three geo-

graphical areas. However, Florida and North

Central Florida have a slightly larger percentage

of Religious nonprofits than the U.S. in general.

There is variation in the number of nonprofits

headquartered in each county and the subsectors

in which these nonprofits operate. Rural counties

tend to have fewer nonprofit organizations and,

in many cases, a greater percentage of Religious

organizations than urban areas such as Leon or

Alachua County. While these data do not account

for nonprofit organizations that are headquar-

tered in one county but operating in another or in

multiple counties, it does appear that some rural

counties experience a dearth of activity in spe-

cific subsectors, notably Health, Human Services,

and Arts, Culture, and Humanities.

TABLE 1: NCF501(c)(3)NonprofitOrganizationsbySubsector

SUBSECTORNCF

NUMBERNCF

PERCENTFL

NUMBERFL

PERCENT US

NUMBERUS

PERCENT

ARTS,CULTURE,&HUMANITIES

290 8% 4,169 7% 96,488 9%

EDUCATION 566 15% 7,813 13% 152,951 15%

ENVIRONMENT&ANIMALS

209 5% 2,545 4% 50,649 5%

HEALTH 249 7% 4,150 7% 74,346 7%

HUMANSERVICES 869 23% 12,684 20% 259,273 25%

INTERNATIONAL 43 1% 1,140 2% 18,225 2%

MUTUALBENEFIT/PUBLIC&SOCIETALBENEFIT

423 11% 10,494 17% 106,533 10%

RELIGION 1,158 30% 18,945 30% 263,320 26%

UNKNOWN 0 0% 222 0*% 3,225 0*%

TOTAL 3,807 100% 62,162 100% 1,025,010 100%

*Percentage <0.5 SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2014 Business Master Files

9

TABLE 2: Numberof501(c)(3)NonprofitsbyCountyandSubsector

COUNTY

SUBSECTOR

ARTS, CULTURE, & HUMANITIES

EDUCATIONENVIRONMENT

&ANIMALS HEALTH

HUMAN SERVICES

INTERNATIONAL

MUTUAL BENEFIT/ PUBLIC & SOCIETAL BENEFIT

RELIGION TOTAL

ALACHUA 101 266 72 101 260 22 125 319 1,266

BRADFORD* 1 4 2 2 7 3 6 39 64

COLUMBIA* 10 13 9 6 58 2 8 91 197

DIXIE* 2 2 3 2 8 0 3 29 49

GADSDEN 10 11 7 7 37 0 24 75 171

GILCHRIST 3 3 6 2 9 0 5 24 52

HAMILTON* 2 2 5 2 9 0 0 17 37

JEFFERSON 10 5 2 1 11 1 4 26 60

LAFAYETTE* 0 1 0 1 5 0 2 14 23

LEON 127 221 60 109 376 14 205 284 1,396

LEVY* 9 12 18 3 22 0 6 57 127

MADISON* 2 6 4 3 9 0 9 38 71

SUWANNEE* 4 9 6 4 26 1 7 65 122

TAYLOR* 2 3 4 2 6 0 5 27 49

UNION* 2 1 0 1 7 0 2 19 32

WAKULLA 5 7 11 3 19 0 12 34 91

TABLE 3: Percentageof501(c)(3)NonprofitsbyCountyandSubsector

COUNTY

SUBSECTOR

ARTS, CULTURE, & HUMANITIES

EDUCATIONENVIRONMENT

&ANIMALS HEALTH

HUMAN SERVICES

INTERNATIONAL

MUTUAL BENEFIT/ PUBLIC & SOCIETAL BENEFIT

RELIGION TOTAL

ALACHUA 8% 21% 6% 8% 21% 2% 10% 25% 100%

BRADFORD* 2% 6% 3% 3% 11% 5% 9% 61% 100%

COLUMBIA* 5% 7% 5% 3% 29% 1% 4% 46% 100%

DIXIE* 4% 4% 6% 4% 16% 0% 6% 59% 100%

GADSDEN 6% 6% 4% 4% 22% 0% 14% 44% 100%

GILCHRIST 6% 6% 12% 4% 17% 0% 10% 46% 100%

HAMILTON* 5% 5% 14% 5% 24% 0% 0% 46% 100%

JEFFERSON 17% 8% 3% 2% 18% 2% 7% 43% 100%

LAFAYETTE* 0% 4% 0% 4% 22% 0% 9% 61% 100%

LEON 9% 16% 4% 8% 27% 1% 15% 20% 100%

LEVY* 7% 9% 14% 2% 17% 0% 5% 45% 100%

MADISON* 3% 8% 6% 4% 13% 0% 13% 54% 100%

SUWANNEE* 3% 7% 5% 3% 21% 1% 6% 53% 100%

TAYLOR* 4% 6% 8% 4% 12% 0% 10% 55% 100%

UNION* 6% 3% 0% 3% 22% 0% 6% 59% 100%

WAKULLA 5% 8% 12% 3% 21% 0% 13% 37% 100%

*Rural Counties SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2014 Business Master Files 10

Economic Dimensions of the Nonprofit Sector in North Central Florida

THIS REPORT HAS THUS FAR presented

data on the population of 3,807 nonprofits in

North Central Florida. To discuss the economic

dimensions of the sector, however, the scope

must narrow and include only those organizations

for whom financial data is available. Therefore,

from this point on, this report will present data

about the 1,157 nonprofit organizations that file

IRS Forms 990 or 990-EZ, i.e., organizations with

annual revenues greater than $50,000. It does

not include private foundations.

TABLE 4: NonprofitRevenueandExpenses:NorthCentralFloridavs.Florida

NORTH CENTRAL FLORIDA FLORIDA

TOTALNONPROFITREVENUE $4,670,263,433 $68,764,139,473

TOTALNONPROFITEXPENSES $4,415,915,339 $64,224,499,180

TOTALASSETS $7,886,585,561 $120,076,461,526

TOTALPOPULATION 922,402 19,893,297

NONPROFITEXPENDITURESPERCAPITA $4,787 $3,228

NONPROFITMEDIANREVENUE $147,910 $116,246

NONPROFITMEDIANEXPENSES $136,070 $108,921

MEDIANASSETS $158,607 $84,391

TOTAL NUMBER OF NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS

1,157 17,958

SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2013 Core Files; 2014 US Census Estimate

GENERAL ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS

Generally speaking, the nonprofit sector in North

Central Florida is slightly more robust than the

nonprofit sector in Florida: As presented in Table

4, it has higher median revenue, expenses, and

assets. This is likely attributable to the relative

prominence of university foundations and gov-

ernment hospitals, both of which have multiple

501(c)(3) funding arms. Data may not reflect the

health of nonprofit organizations not affiliated

with those subsectors.

NONPROFIT REVENUE AND EXPENSES

Nonprofit organizations receive revenue from

multiple sources. Contrary to popular belief,

nonprofit revenue is largely derived from

program services (i.e., fee for service), and not

from philanthropic donations. This is true even

when accounting for Hospitals and Higher Edu-

cation, the two subsectors with the largest total

program revenue.

Revenue varies by subsector. The Health sub-

sector, for example, accounts for 13% of the

organizations but 65% of the sector’s revenue.

In contrast, Human Services account for 35% of

the organizations in the sector but only 17% of

the revenue.

Revenue sources also vary by type of organi-

zation. In North Central Florida, Health organi-

zations rely more heavily on program revenue

(fee for service) than Religious organizations,

for example, which draw a higher percentage of

donative revenue.

11

FIGURE 4: PercentageofNCFRevenueSourcesforallSubsectors

SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2013 Core Files

FIGURE 5: PercentageofNCFRevenueSourcesExcludingHigherEducationandHospitals

TABLE 5: TotalRevenueandPercentageofRevenueinEachSubsector

SUBSECTORNUMBER OF NONPROFITS

PERCENT OF NONPROFITS

TOTAL REVENUE

PERCENT OF REVENUE

PROGRAM REVENUE

DONATION REVENUE

OTHER REVENUE

ARTS,CULTURE,&HUMANITIES

97 8% $28,360,225 1% 33% 53% 14%

EDUCATION 208 18% $598,533,072 13% 22% 56% 23%

ENVIRONMENT&ANIMALS

87 8% $47,626,821 1% 51% 43% 7%

HEALTH 149 13% $3,014,694,040 65% 76% 18% 6%

HUMANSERVICES 402 35% $805,557,463 17% 43% 52% 6%

INTERNATIONAL 12 1% $14,609,209 0*% 70% 28% 2%

MUTUALBENEFIT/PUBLIC&SOCIETALBENEFIT

128 11% $148,307,384 3% 18% 77% 4%

RELIGION 74 6% $12,575,219 0*% 14% 78% 8%

TOTAL 1,157 100% $4,670,263,433 100% 61% 31% 8%

*Percentage <0.5 SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2013 Core Files

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TABLE 6: NonprofitExpendituresperCapitabyCounty

COUNTYTOTAL

EXPENDITURESAVERAGE

EXPENDITURESPOPULATION

EXPENDITURES PER CAPITA

ALACHUA $2,483,248,243 $6,586,865 256,380 $9,686

BRADFORD* $4,094,511 $341,209 26,702 $153

COLUMBIA* $33,922,028 $605,751 67,857 $500

DIXIE* $850,870 $106,359 15,907 $53

GADSDEN $12,013,150 $375,411 46,281 $260

GILCHRIST $20,375,511 $2,037,551 16,997 $1,199

HAMILTON* $6,021,877 $752,735 14,048 $429

JEFFERSON $3,666,993 $458,374 14,050 $261

LAFAYETTE* $74,533 $74,533 8,835 $8

LEON $1,739,912,229 $3,264,376 283,988 $6,127

LEVY* $5,241,599 $201,600 39,613 $132

MADISON* $15,462,286 $909,546 18,518 $835

SUWANNEE* $58,258,167 $1,879,296 44,022 $1,323

TAYLOR* $27,408,273 $3,915,468 22,582 $1,214

UNION* $648,025 $162,006 15,190 $43

WAKULLA $4,717,044 $174,705 31,432 $150

TOTAL $4,415,915,339 $3,816,694 922,402 $4,787

*Rural Counties SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2013 Core Files; 2014 US Census Estimates

TABLE 7: Urbanvs.RuralNonprofitExpenditures

TOTAL NUMBER OF COUNTIES

TOTAL EXPENDITURES

AVERAGE EXPENDITURES

POPULATIONEXPENDITURES

PER CAPITA

RURAL 10 $151,982,169 $15,198,217 273,274 $556

URBAN 6 $4,263,933,170 $2,149,547 649,128 $6,569

TOTAL 16 $4,415,915,339 $3,816,694 922,402 $4,787

SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2013 Core Files; 2014 US Census Estimates13

Nonprofit expenditures also vary and, in particular, vary

by county. On average in 2013, the nonprofit sector in

North Central Florida spent $4,787 per person; however,

this can range significantly by county. Urban areas tend

to have higher per capita expenditures than rural areas.

On the high end, the nonprofit sector in Alachua County,

for example, spends approximately $9,686 per resident.

These expenses likely reflect the sizable nonprofits

associated with the University of Florida. On the lower

end, the nonprofit sector in rural areas such as Lafay-

ette, Union, and Dixie spend less than $100 per resident.

NONPROFIT FINANCES DURING THE GREAT RECESSION

The Great Recession that began in 2008 impacted non-

profit organizations throughout the country.

As a sector, it appears that nonprofit organizations in

North Central Florida weathered the Great Recession

quite well. Nonprofit assets overall increased approx-

imately 22% between 2007 and 2013. Revenue and

expenses, however, appear to have risen dramatically

and then tapered off. This may be the effect of revi-

talization efforts such at the American Recovery and

Reinvestment Act.

The specific effects of the recession varied by subsec-

tor. The initial decreases in revenue were experienced

by the Education, International, and Arts, Culture, and

Humanities subsectors. Overtime, the effects were

experienced most drastically by the Public, Societal, and

Mutual Benefit organizations as well as the Religious

organizations.

1 See technical appendix.

TABLE 8: PercentChangeinRevenue,Expenses,andAssetsbySubsector2007-2013

SUBSECTOR

REVENUE EXPENSES ASSETS

2007—2010 % CHANGE

2010—2013 % CHANGE

2007—2010 % CHANGE

2010—2013 % CHANGE

2007—2010 % CHANGE

2010—2013 % CHANGE

ARTS,CULTURE,&HUMANITIES

-6% 38% 3% 26% 5% 111%

EDUCATION -37% 13% 2% 2% -5% 17%

ENVIRONMENT&ANIMALS

44% 31% 25% 45% 27% 42%

HEALTH 37% -4% 39% -7% 34% 3%

HUMANSERVICES 6% 6% 8% 7% 3% 5%

INTERNATIONAL -15% 10% -16% 13% 9% 63%

MUTUALBENEFIT/PUBLIC&SOCIETALBENEFIT

67% -28% 68% -47% 5% 31%

RELIGION 49% -10% 52% 6% 141% -32%

TOTAL 17% -1% 29% -5% 10% 10%

SOURCE: National Center for the Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2013 Core Files

FIGURE 6: Assets,Expenses,andRevenueforNonprofitsinNorthCentralFlorida

SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2013 Core Files

FIGURE 7: Assets,Expenses,andRevenueforNonprofitsinFlorida

SOURCE: National Center for charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2013 Core Files

15

Nonprofits in North Central Florida employ 34,647 people

& pay $1.6 billion in annual wages.

16

Nonprofit Employment in North Central Florida

IN NORTH CENTRAL FLORIDA, AT least 500

nonprofit organizations employ more than

34,000 people. Collectively, this amounts to more

than $1.6 billion in wages. As presented in Table

9, most nonprofit employers have fewer than 50

employees. The larger organizations, typically

hospitals and institutions of higher education,

contribute the majority of total nonprofit

wage dollars.

TABLE 9: Matched*NorthCentralFloridaNonprofitOrganizations2014EmploymentandWagesbySize

NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES

NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS

2014 EMPLOYMENT

2014 TOTAL WAGES

0-4 156 287 $13,020,676

5-9 112 757 $23,749,989

10-19 95 1,305 $47,515,111

20-49 86 2,520 $79,225,766

50-99 21 1,385 $43,434,326

100-249 19 2,912 $102,542,463

250+ 11 25,481 $1,304,969,185

TOTAL 500 34,647 $1,614,457,516

*See Technical Appendix

SOURCE: Florida Department of Eco-nomic Opportunity, Bureau of Labor Market Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages Program.

TABLE 10: NorthCentralFloridaNonprofitEmploymentandWagesbySubsector

SUBSECTOR2014 NUMBER OF MATCHED*

NPOS

2014 AVERAGE ANNUAL

EMPLOYMENT IN THE SUBSECTOR

2014 TOTAL WAGES

ARTS,CULTURE,&HUMANITIES

30 352 $7,640,347

HIGHEREDUCATION 4 11,346 $582,803,533

EDUCATION 69 1,775 $61,470,885

HOSPITALS 11 13,266 $708,502,036

ENVIRONMENT&ANIMALS

24 163 $5,889,523

HEALTH 65 2,368 $85,371,868

HUMANSERVICES 217 4,683 $132,789,359

INTERNATIONAL,FOREIGNAFFAIRS

5 19 $833,486

PUBLIC,SOCIETALBENEFIT

43 524 $26,022,808

RELIGIONRELATED 32 149 $3,133,671

TOTAL 500 34,645 $1,614,457,516

*See Technical Appendix

SOURCE: Florida Department of Economic Opportunity, Bureau of Labor Market Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages Program.

Nonprofit Funding in North Central Florida

LOCAL PRIVATE FOUNDATIONS

PRIVATE FOUNDATIONS ARE ONE OF the vehicles

used by funders to manage philanthropic contributions.

Private foundations are 501(c)(3) nonprofit

organizations but, unlike public charities, private

foundations’ funds come primarily from one source,

usually a corporation, individual, or family.

North Central Florida is home to 74 private foundations

which collectively manage more than $208 million in

total assets. These foundations expended more than

$25 million in 2013. Combined, these foundations

expended 12% of their assets, more than the 5% they

are legally required to expend.

As with public charities, private foundations are often

concentrated in urban areas. In North Central Florida,

77% of the area’s private foundations are located in two

counties: Leon and Alachua.

MONIES FLOWING INTO NORTH CENTRAL FLORIDA

Nonprofit organizations attract federal and private

dollars from outside of the area. The effects of this eco-

nomic stimulus ripples across the community through

monies spent locally to hire employees, rent or purchase

real estate, and purchase goods and supplies. Monies

spent in rural communities can be especially impactful.

FOUNDATION FUNDING

One way to measure the number of dollars coming into

the region is to look at dollars flowing to nonprofit orga-

nizations from private foundations. In 2013, nonprofits

attracted more than $37.7 million into the area through

more than 235 private foundation grants.1

Foundation grant dollars also varied by county. Urban

counties attracted 93% of private foundation funding

from outside of the area. This funding was largely con-

centrated in Alachua (37%) and Leon (54%) Counties.

1 See Technical Appendix for more information about the FC 1000 Data Set.

TABLE 12: PrivateFoundationsinNCFbyCounty

COUNTYPRIVATE

FOUNDATIONS

ALACHUA 31

LEON 26

GADSDEN 7

MADISON 2

WAKULLA 2

COLUMBIA 1

DIXIE 1

GILCHRIST 1

JEFFERSON 1

LAFAYETTE 1

LEVY 1

COUNTIES WITH NO PRIVATE

FOUNDATIONS

Taylor

Hamilton

Suwannee

Union

Bradford

SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2014 Business Master Files

TABLE 11: PrivateFoundationResourcesinNorthCentralFlorida

TOTALREVENUE $34,043,833

TOTALEXPENSES $25,076,624

TOTALASSETS $208,751,258

SOURCE: National Center for Charitable Statistics, Urban Institute, 2013 Core Files (PF)

18

North Central Florida is home to 74 private

foundations & 6 community foundations.

TABLE 13: FoundationGrantDollarsintoNCFbyProgramArea

SUBJECTNUMBER OF

GRANTSPERCENTAGE OF TOTAL GRANTS

TOTAL GRANT DOLLARS

PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL GRANT

DOLLARS

AGRICULTURE,FISHING,&FORESTRY 1 0% $20,000 0%

ARTS&CULTURE 7 3% $1,417,353 4%

COMMUNITY&ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT 12 5% $742,247 2%

EDUCATION 95 40% $16,938,504 45%

ENVIRONMENT&ANIMALS 20 9% $5,057,869 13%

HEALTH 22 9% $3,279,348 9%

HUMANRIGHTS 0 0% $0 0%

HUMANSERVICES 35 15% $2,324,902 6%

INFORMATION&COMMUNICATIONS 1 0% $113,140 0%

INTERNATIONALRELATIONS 0 0% $0 0%

PHILANTHROPY&NONPROFITMANAGEMENT 9 4% $605,923 2%

PUBLICAFFAIRS 12 5% $512,568 1%

PUBLICSAFETY 10 4% $5,131,599 14%

RELIGION 5 2% $240,000 1%

SCIENCE&ENGINEERING 3 1% $1,045,000 3%

SOCIALSCIENCES 0 0% $0 0%

SPORTS&RECREATION 3 1% $325,900 1%

TOTAL 235 100% $37,754,353 100%

SOURCE: Foundation Center, FC 1000 Data Set, 2013

TABLE 14: FoundationGrantDollarsintoNCFbyCounty

COUNTYNUMBER OF

GRANTSPERCENTAGE OF TOTAL GRANTS

TOTAL GRANT DOLLARSPERCENTAGE OF TOTAL

GRANT DOLLARS

ALACHUA 86 37% $16,004,435 42%

BRADFORD* 0 0% $0 0%

COLUMBIA* 6 3% $122,898 0%

DIXIE* 0 0% $0 0%

GADSDEN 0 0% $0 0%

GILCHRIST 0 0% $0 0%

HAMILTON* 0 0% $0 0%

JEFFERSON 5 2% $237,500 1%

LAFAYETTE* 0 0% $0 0%

LEON 126 54% $21,021,071 56%

LEVY* 2 1% $53,247 0%

MADISON* 2 1% $52,000 0%

SUWANNEE* 5 2% $168,702 0%

TAYLOR* 1 0% $14,500 0%

UNION* 0 0% $0 0%

WAKULLA 2 1% $80,000 0%

TOTAL 235 100% $37,754,353 100%

*Rural Counties SOURCE: Foundation Center, FC 1000 Data Set, 2013

20

FEDERAL GRANT DOLLARS

Another way to identify dollars flowing into

the region is to review the federal grant dollars

received by nonprofit organizations. In 2014,

more than 5,700 federal grants were awarded

within North Central Florida. Ninety-six of those

grants were awarded to nonprofit organizations

(excluding nonprofit higher education institu-

tions). Those 96 grants brought more than $36.7

million into the region.

TABLE 15: FederalGrantDollarsintoNorthCentralFlorida

NUMBEROFGRANTSTONONPROFITORGANIZATIONS*

96

TOTALDOLLARSRECEIVED $36,792,832

AVERAGESIZEDAWARD $383,259

LARGESTAWARD $13,366,088

*Excluding nonprofit higher education institutions SOURCE: United States Department of Treasury, Bureau of Fiscal Services

FIGURE 8: FederalGrantDollarsbyCounty

SOURCE: United States Department of Treasury, Bureau of Fiscal Services

21

Conclusion

IT WAS OUR INTENTION in this report to present an

accurate, nuanced overview of the nonprofit sector in

North Central Florida. This was accomplished by pre-

senting the number and type of nonprofit organizations,

the type of funding sources, and the overall revenue,

expenses and assets. We also looked at how the number

of organizations in the area has changed over the past

15 years and at how organizations fared during the

Great Recession. In all this, a few key findings emerged:

NonprofitorganizationsareaneconomicassettoNorthCentralFlorida.

1. Nonprofit organizations employ more than 34,000

people and contribute more than $1.6 billion in

wages to the regional economy.

2.Nonprofit organizations attract more than $36

million in federal grant dollars and $37 million in

private foundation funding from outside the region.

Thereisgreatdisparityacrosstheregion.

1. The average nonprofit expenditure per capita

is $556 in rural counties and $6,569 in

urban counties.

2.The type of nonprofits located in the area varies by

county, and some rural counties have two or fewer

local organizations that offer educational services,

health services, or arts and cultural outlets.

3.90% of federal grant dollars awarded in the region

were allocated to organizations with headquarters

in Leon County.

Thereareanumberofuniquestrengthsuponwhichfutureeffortscanbuild.

1. Religious organizations can be found in every

county and, in many counties, make up a greater

percentage of the nonprofit sector than is the

average nationally. UF/IFAS and nonprofit leaders

can and should build upon the social and cultural

capital of the region’s religious institutions.

2.The average nonprofit expenditures per capita

are higher in North Central Florida ($4,787) than

in Florida ($3,228). This is likely influenced by the

many organizations located in Leon and Alachua

Counties, areas that are both saturated with

intellectual and social capital upon which nonprofit

sector leaders can draw.

Whatever role you play in the nonprofit sector—leader,

funder, or policymaker—we hope you consider UF/IFAS

and the faculty in the Department of Family, Youth and

Community Sciences to be your partners in the process.

For more information or to inquire about additional

analyses of this type for your area, please contact

author Jennifer A. Jones, Ph.D., University of Florida

assistant professor at jenniferajones@ufl.edu.

Technical Appendix Data Sources and Methodology Notes

NATIONAL CENTER FOR CHARITABLE STATISTICS

THE STUDY UTILIZED DATA BY National Center

for Charitable Statistics (NCCS) available via

subscription (http://nccsdataweb.urban.org). In

particular, this report made use of two datasets:

the Business Master Files (BMF) and the Core

Files. Both files were developed by NCCS using

data from the Internal Revenue Services (IRS).

The BMF includes the population of nonprofit

organizations in the United States. This includes

both private foundations and public charities,

both of which are tax exempt, 501(c)(3) nonprofit

organizations. The Core Files include only those

public charities that file the IRS Form 990 or IRS

Form 990 EZ. Religious organizations are not

required to file IRS Forms 990 and, consequently,

may be underrepresented in tables where Core

data are presented. The subsectors described

in this report are based on the NCCS’s National

Taxonomy of Exempt Entities (NTEE; http://

nccs.urban.org/classification/NTEE). There are

several limitations to this dataset. Most notably,

NCCS data cannot account for variation between

an organization’s headquarters (i.e., the address

listed on the IRS forms) and service distribution

(which may be far broader)1. Data should be

interpreted cautiously.

FLORIDA’S DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY

Data presented here were supplied by Florida’s

Department of Economic Opportunity and repre-

sent all nonprofit organizations in NCF that pay

reemployment assistance tax. There are several

limitations to this dataset. For example, many

religious organizations have employees; however,

religious organizations not required to pay this

tax and, consequently, may not represented

in this report. Additionally, it is uncertain how

many nonprofit organizations use Professional

Employer Organizations and would, also, not

be represented on this list. The data presented

in this report, therefore, underreport the true

employment of the sector.

THE FOUNDATION CENTER

The Foundation Center dataset, the FC 1000, includes

all grants of $10,000 or more awarded by 1,000 of the

largest U.S. independent (including family), corporate,

community, and grantmaking operating foundations.

For community foundations, only discretionary and

donor-advised grants (when provided by the foundation)

are included. Grants to individuals are excluded. The

data presented, therefore, underreport the total number

of grant dollars flowing into the region.

URBAN VS. RURAL

Counties were designated as either urban or rural based

on a definition developed by the Office of Management

and Budget (OMB). An area is considered metro/urban if

it includes at least one county with a core urban area of

50,000 or more people. This includes adjacent counties

which have high social/economic integration (such as

commuting to work) with the urban core.

REFERENCE1 McDougle, L. M. (2015). The accuracy of the core files

for studying nonprofit location: How many nonprofits

are there? Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly,

44(3), 609-624. doi: 10.1177/0899764015573873.

24

THIS REPORT WAS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE GENEROUS SUPPORT OF:

UF/IFAS Department of Family, Youth & Community Sciences