The process of producing offspring which is a characteristic of life.
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Transcript of The process of producing offspring which is a characteristic of life.
The process of producing offspring which is a
characteristic of life.
Scrotum: • Contains testes• Located behind the base of the penis• Produces sperm
Epididymis:• Coiled tube within the scrotum• Place in which sperm complete their maturation• Holding place for mature sperm
Vas Deferens:• Duct that transports sperm from epididymis to
exit the body
Urethra:• Tube inside penis • Transports sperm out of body• Also transports urine
( muscle at base of bladder that doesn’t allow sperm and urine to mix)
Seminal Vesicles:• Glands at base of bladder• Secrete mucous like fluid to the vas deferens• Fluid is rich in fructose which provides energy
for the sperm
Prostate Gland:• Below urinary bladder• Surrounds top portion of urethra• Secretes a thin fluid• Fluid is a base and helps the sperm move
Bulbourethral Glands:• Located beneath the prostate• Secretes clear, sticky fluid• Fluid is a base which helps neutralize the acidic
environment of the male urethra and female vagina.
Sperm are the male version of gametes.
Contain ½ the genetic material as original cell• Hapliods!
Three Parts:• Head• Midpiece• Tail
Head• Contains a cap that has an enzyme that
helps penetrate the egg• Nucleus that contains the genetic material
Midpiece• Contains Mitochondria• Produces energy for the sperm
Tail• Flagellum• Propels Sperm
Head that contains the nucleus
Cap which contains enzymes
Flagella which aids in movement
Midpiece which contains mitochondria
• Sperm are produced when the inner cells of the testes undergo meiosis. • Meiosis produces four haploid cells and all become sperm cells. • It takes about 74 hours for the sperm to become mature.• Males can produce 300 million sperm per day.
Time when secondary sex characteristics begin to develop
Sexual maturity is reached Changes are controlled by sex
hormones On Set of Puberty Glands in brain secrete LSH and LH
hormones Hormones travel to testes
• FSH helps produce sperm cells• LH helps produce testosterone
http://health.howstuffworks.com/adam-200126.htm
Ovary• Where egg production takes place• Females have two ovaries
1 on each side• Size and shape of an almond
Oviduct (Fallopian Tubes)• Tube like structure• Transports egg from ovaries to uterus• Open end of oviduct is near ovaries
Uterus• Place of fetus development• Between bladder and rectum• Normally is the size and shape of inverted pear• Contains endometrium
Thin inner lining Cervix
• Lower end of uterus• Tapers to a narrow opening into the vagina
Vagina• Passageway to the outside of the female body
Eggs are the female sex cells• Haploids!• Production occurs before birth
Cells in ovaries divide until they reach Prophase I
Under go Resting stage At birth ovaries contain 2 million of
these potential eggs (oocytes) 40 thousand oocytes are found at
puberty
Occurs once a month beginning a puberty Process of Meiosis starts again in several
of the Prophase I cells. Each cell completes Meiosis I and begins
Meiosis II Due to unequal division of cytoplasm
during meiosis II one cell is smaller than the other and disintegrates---Polar Body #1
During Meiosis II one egg ruptures from the ovary to the oviduct
If the egg is fertilized it will complete Meiosis II
Again, due to unequal division of cytoplasm one cell is small and disintegrates.
The fertilized egg then begins dividing to produce a baby!
Ovulation: process of egg rupturing from ovary and being passed to oviduct
Roughly 400 eggs are ovulated during the reproductive life of a female.
Winner!!!
n (egg cell)
2n
Cells from inside testes
nSper
m Cell
nSper
m Cell
nsperm
cell
nSper
m cell
Cells in Ovaries
2nPolar Bodies
LH and FSH hormones are produced FSH stimulates the production of
follicles• Group of cells that surround the developing
egg FSH also causes the release of
Estrogen which is responsible for sex characteristics
Changes that occur in Female reproductive organs when releasing and egg and preparing for receiving egg
Begins at puberty lasts till menopause Repeats once a month Three Stages:
• Flow Phase• Follicular Phase• Luteal Phase
If egg is not fertilized the uterine lining is shed causing bleeding.
Process starts all over again!
http://health.howstuffworks.com/adam-200017.htm