PROPOSED PROCESS OF BUILDING A GREEN PROJECT

&

MARIPOSA LAND POINT OF ENTRY PROJECT OVERVIEW

Green Project Advisors OCT. 2011, CSBA Program

Presentation

Proposed Process of Building a Green Project & Overview of MLPE

Si Djahedi - Process/ Envelope Nathan Williams - Site Tracy Black - MP&E

Project Overview - “Process is the Project”

Project: Develop a Pre-Design Process Specifically for Green/ Sustainable Building Projects.

The Project Team: Owner: United States General Services Administration (GSA). User: United States Customs/ Boarder Patrol (CBP) & ADOT. Contracted Development Team: Architects, Engineers, Project and Construction

Managers, etc. Green Project Advisors - Engineers, Architects & Planner. Goal: To provide facilitation, advice, ideas, research and data to the client for a

sustainable project.

The Project: $213 million modernization of the Mariposa LPOE. Consisting of 28 buildings

(350,000 sq. ft.) on 53-acre site. Mariposa LPOE is the 3rd busiest LPOE in the United States.

Traditional Method of Building a Project

1. FORM2. FUNCTION3. ECONOMY4. TIME

Current Method of Building a Project

1. FORM 2. FUNCTION 3 . ECONOMY 4. TIME5. SUSTAINABILITY !

Sustainable Building Project Advisor Process

Stage 1 - Philosophy: 1st Meeting (Online if possible): Approx. 2-3 hours with owner, and site user, to

develop the project philosophy. Stage 2 - Facilitation:

2nd Meeting: Approx. 4 hour meeting with all key project stakeholders; Q&A session to help refine project goals and needs.

Stage 3 - Integration: 3rd Meeting: Develop a detailed list of Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR);

addresses issues such as timing of project, user needs, site requirements and building use and longevity.

Stage 4 – To Establish POR & BOD: 4th Meeting, etc.: Providing the owner’s, users and key stakeholders with the

research, data and details supporting the building design by the project team. Establish Performance Standards that comply with the Goals established at

Stage 1. To Develop a Green Program

Proposed Process of Building a Green Project

1. SUSTAINABILITY2. FUNCTION3. ECONOMY4. FORM5. TIME

Mariposa LPOE – Nogales, AZ

Site Overview

Existing and Proposed Mariposa LPOE is located on AZ State Route 189: Nogales, AZ

Latitude - 31/26/40N; Longitude - 110/57/54W; Elevation approx 3,865 feet

Nogales region maintains a semi-arid climate: typically less hot and a bit rainier than a typical arid climate classification.

Average annual precipitation approx19-inches total; (summer monsoon 8-inches).

Temperature Ranges: 90’s high/60’s low (summer); 60’s high/ 20’s-30’s low (winter).

Site selection for the Mariposa LPOE was essentially required, as the site, facility and majority of the infrastructure currently exists today

Aerial – Mariposa LPOE (Existing)

Site: Related Questions (For Owner/ User)

Pre-Design Process (Charette): Targeted questions ensuring customer gets what they want and need. Identifies specific goals and metrics for a successful project, as determined by the property owner and site user.

To what degree is it important to be a sustainable site? How much money/ time/ resources are you willing to use to achieve this

goal? What are the physical site constraints? Zoning regulations? Environmental

requirements, etc.? What are the physical attributes and features of the site? What natural features of the site or pre-existing site conditions are there,

that we want to protect or enhance? What is the Macro and Microclimate of the site? How can we design the site and building on the site to minimize the

impact of the development to the surrounding environment and habitat? What is the needed and desired longevity of the site/ building? What are the site maintenance resources that are available after build-out

(money and workers)? What most important things that site must provide to the building user?

Site Element:

Site Connectivity Site Hardscape Site Landscape Water & Energy

Certify the Mariposa LPOE Project as LEED Platinum preferred, LEED Gold required. Completed by 2014.

Maximum energy independence to the greatest extent possible: Minimize the dependence of energy (electricity and water) to the site from offsite.

Reduce the wait time for trucks coming through the existing facility from hours to minutes.

Create a site that functions in an efficient manner, allows for flexibility of operations and does not require vast amounts of resources to maintain.

Site Components Site Objectives

Site Connectivity

Key Areas Based on Owner Goals Existing Site and Roadways - Reuse; Reduce Wait Times; Alternative Transportation; and Site Circulation and Traffic Movements – Efficient and Effective

Objectives: LEED CreditsAvoid development of inappropriate sites and reduce the environmental impact from the location of a

building on a site. Selection of the site for the Mariposa LPOE was essentially required. Costs and environmental impact associated with creating a new site, and not reusing the existing site

would have not met LEED.Alternative Transportation: Bicycle Storage and Changing Rooms - Reduce pollution and land development

impacts from automobiles. The Mariposa LPOE estimates that it will employ and have a population of approximately 1,311 people. Currently the Mariposa LPOE has provides no showers or bike racks for employees or the public. With

the proposed site improvements the designs will provide 10 showers as well as bike racks/ lockers (TBD).

Alternative Transportation: Provide preferred parking for low-emitting vehicles for 5% of the total vehicle parking capacity of the site.

The Mariposa LPOE estimates that it will require 448 vehicular parking spaces. Therefore, 14 spaces for alt. vehicles required

Separation of Vehicle Types (Cars vs. Commercial Trucks).

Mariposa LPOE (Current View) North View

Site Hardscape & Materials

Key Areas Based on Owner Goals Construction Waste Management; Use Photovoltaics; Mitigate Pavement - Heat Island Effect Objectives: LEED Credits Divert construction, demolition and land clearing debris from disposal in landfill. Requires that the project recycle and/ or salvage at least 50% of non-hazardous construction materials and

demolition debris. Example; all existing concrete on the site has been crushed and reused. Reduce heat islands (thermal gradient differences between developed and undeveloped areas). Strategies include 1) shade within 5 years of occupancy; 2) paving materials with a Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) of

at least 29. Tremendous amount of concrete throughout the site, which has a SRI (albedo) that is automatically higher than 29

(Typical SRI 47). Utilize stabilized DG and pervious concrete as alternative materials, as these materials have multiple functions and

benefits for the site. Helping with stormwater control and also reducing the amount of emittance.

Site Landscape

Key Areas Based on Owner Goals Water Efficient Landscaping/ Rainwater Harvesting; and Stormwater Management/ Design

Objectives & LEED Credits Desert location = concept of an oasis in the desert; with the main buildings

oriented around a center axis with lush garden of native plants in the middle.

Oasis Zone located in the center of the Mariposa LPOE facility. 350,000 sq. ft. (new buildings) will cover only 15% of the actual 53-acre

site (exceeding LEED requirement); open space matching the building size for areas of no zoning (campus/ military).

Providing vegetated open space to exceed the open space requirement for the site by 25%. Concern with this requirement; vegetative areas must be maintained or preserved as open space areas for the life of the building.

Aerial: Site Landscaping

Mariposa LPOE: Circulation Map

Site: Water & Energy

Key Areas Based on Owner Goals Site Reuse; Site Design/ Building Orientation; Water Efficient Landscaping/ Rainwater Harvesting; and Stormwater Management/ Design

Objectives: LEED Credits Limit or eliminate the use of potable water, or other natural surface or subsurface

water resources available on or near the project site, for landscape irrigation by 50%. 1 million gallons of rainwater harvesting.

Limit distribution of natural hydrology by: reduce impervious cover; increase infiltration; manage storm water run-off.

Reduce surface and ground water pollution by increasing infiltration; eliminating contaminants and pollutants.

Envelope Element:

Building Footprint/ Massing

Daylighting/ Views Wall Systems & Deck

Envelope Components Envelope Objectives

Over Envelope

Envelope VS None Envelope

At the Envelope:

Atmosphere

Filter Regulator of energy transmission Limit of Gravity Limit of life and no life Protective shell transmission Limit of Gravity Protective envelope

Under the Envelope: Site Footprint & Massing

Energy Interaction with Mass

Envelope: Building Footprint & Massing

Site Envelope Pre-existing Site Envelope Existing

Superposition of Proposed Project over Existing Facility

Proposed Envelope Impact on Site, Kevin Lynch Block drainage Induced erosion Overturned soil horizons Plant and animal killed Human residents dispossessed New species introduced Hunters, litters or builder introduced Hillsides scarred Air and water polluted Exotic chemicals introduced

Envelope: Green Wall

Genetically modified lawn operate at low humidity, 15% to 20%

Engineered dirt 3”

Geotextile Mesh

2’ x 2’ x 4” deep caisson

Plywood

Fastened to Structure

Natural Ventilation Module

Operating condition:

Temp. @ 65 F to 75 F R.H. @ 20 % to 60%

Air intake

Motorized Louvers

Air Filter

Decorative Screen

Motorized partition

Envelope Versus Site & Energy Management

Small wetland, High R.H.

Water Recovery System, Production of water on site

Use of geothermal

Natural ventilation

Control of ambient temperature by users

Green roof, Green wall

MEP: Related Questions (For Owner/ User)

Charette Process: Targeted questions ensuring customer gets what they want and need. Identifies specific goals and metrics for a successful project, as determined by the property owner and site user.

How much of the facility will need to operate without water and power for an extended period of time?

What is the expected lifetime of the facility? Is interchangeability a key priority for this facility? How much treatment do you want on site for captured water? How efficient is “efficient”; i.e. use the most efficient products

commercially available?

MEP Systems Element:

Renewable Energy HVAC Type Plumbing Electrical

Minimum or no dependence on outside utilities for Water & Electricity.

Plumbing fixtures that use 30% less water than EPA 1992 Standard.

Refrigerant systems use Non-CFC refrigerants; 134A, 405.

No potable water use for irrigation.

Provide maximum Indoor Environmental Quality.

MEP Components MEP Objectives

MEP: Renewable Energy

Key Areas Based on Owner Goals Enough renewable power to run all critical systems without

Grid Power. Ensure that any Grid power is purchased from established

Green power suppliers. Specify mechanical equipment that are highly efficient

(“Energy Star” or better), or that have as an option renewable power with grid power as a backup.

Evaluate design and possible locations for wind power.

Sample Photovoltaic Arrays

MEP: HVAC Type

Reduce Loads on energy-using systems Use high efficiency (Energy Star or better) office equipment

& computers. Turn off equipment or use “Sleep Mode” to reduce internal

load. Conditioning Systems use only CFC free refrigerants; low

ODP, GWP. Minimize heat gain/loss to space and ductwork. Size HVAC equipment and systems properly for load. Individual offices use thermal (VAV) register with night time

setback. Provide Outside Air/Ventilation per ASHRAE 62.1-2004, w/

CO2 sensors.

Optimize Occupant comfort Occupant comfort per ASHRAE 55-2004. Monitor CO2 levels to avoid the “stuffy” sensation.

MEP: HVAC Type

MEP: Plumbing

Minimize Site Water consumption; Use Low Flow Fixtures for lavatories, showers, and water

closets. Use waterless urinals w/o “throw-away” hardware. Rain Water Harvesting system for irrigation and water

closets (0.623 gal/sq. ft./in of rain). Collect and treat graywater for use in water closets and

irrigation.

MEP: Plumbing

HET Fixtures; Metering, Hands Free no batteries or AC power, virtually no maintenance.

These faucets (except metering) use either Solar Power or Hydropower.

MEP: Electrical

Reduce Electrical load/consumption; Use high efficiency lighting; LED, T8 or T5 (T5-4100K) for

open areas, Task lighting for individual personnel space (as required by individual).

All motors ≥1hp must have VFD (VSD) attached. Ambient light sensors to monitor light near windows. Individual offices will have combination (motion & wave)

sensors to ensure that lights are used only when needed. Overall BAS control system to control all individual area

Temp. (night time setback) & Lights. Outside lighting fitted with ambient sensors. Use LED outside where possible.

MEP: Electrical

Questions?

It is wise to grow some passion for our environment, after all this is a place in which we all live.