THE P

RESENT PE

RFECT

DE

SI G

NE

D B

Y : N

OU

F AL - H

AR

BI

THE PRESENT PERFECT RULE

Affirmative:

I

We Have + Past Participle

You

They

HeShe Has +Past ParticipleIt

Negative :

I

We Have + Not + Past Participle

You

They

He

She Has + Not +Past Participle

It

He has not finished from eating.

Questions:

They have arrived today.

Have they arrived?

He has arrived today.

Has he arrived?

So, the structure of the question is:Have/Has+ Subject +Past Participle?

  Positive Negative Question

I / you / we / the y

I have eaten.

I have not eaten. Have I eaten?

he / she / itHe has eaten.

He has not eaten. Has he eaten?

3-action that stopped recently

Example: She has cooked dinner.

4-finished action that has an influence on the present

Example: I have lost my key.

5-action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking

Example: I have never been to Australia.

USES OF PRESENT PERFECT

1-puts emphasis on the result

Example: She has written five letters.

2 -action that is still going on

Example: School has not started yet.

FOR & SINCE

We use for with a period of time, for example: a few days, half an hour, two years. We use since with the time when the action started, for example: last year, June 8, I met you.Examples

I have had this computer for about a year.

I haven't seen Julia since September .

EXERCISE

Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use Present Perfect .

Example: I _____________ my father's car. (to wash)

Answer: I have washed my father's car.

1 )Karen -----------------------------me an e-mail. (to send)

2 )Dave and Pat ----------------------------the museum. (to visit)

3 )I ----------------------at the pet shop. (to be)

REFERENCES

://http . . / ? =2www youtube com watch v hcJECNQDlc

Websites

web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/.../410/.../pperf.ht.... 4 . /.../ - -www ego u com present perfect simpl...

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Present_perfect