Potential of Bamboo for Climate Change adaptation in Congo Basin
The potential of bamboo in Ethiopia
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Transcript of The potential of bamboo in Ethiopia
THE BAMBOO SECTOR OF ETHIOPIA
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Paris, 2015 (COP 21)
Yigremachew Seyoum (PhD)Director, Forest policy strategy
and regulation
• It lies between latitudes 3° and 15°N, and longitudes 33° and 48°E.
• Population 87.9 million in 2014 (2.6%)• There are above 80 tribal
groups and languages • Politics –federal
parliamentary republic• 9 regions and 2 cities• Agriculture accounts for
almost 40.2% of the (GDP), 70% of exports, and 80% of employment
Ethiopia
Economic Development
• IMF ranks Ethiopia as among the five fastest growing economies in the world.
• GDP per capita 2014 >560 Vs < 200 in 2000 (world Bank)
The GTP and CRGEwith the vision to propel Ethiopia into
middle income country status by 2025. 378 USD in 2010 to 1271 USD in 2025.
CRGE of Ethiopia is an overarching economic development strategy of Ethiopia the adverse effects of climate change and green economy
Overall development
initiatives
Resilience initiatives
Abatement avoidance initiatives
Green economy
Resilient economy
CRGE
Green EconomyReach middle income threshold by 2025 and keep growth carbon neutral (net zero emission)
Resilient Economy Build the capacity of the economy to cope with the adverse consequences of climate change
Ethiopia’s CRGE
Bamboo resource in EthiopiaThere are 43 species in
Africa covering 1.5 million ha
40 in Madagascar and 3 in mainland
Ethiopia has two indigenous speciesEthiopian lowland bamboo
(Oxytenanthera abyssinica A. Rich. Munro) and
Ethiopian highland bamboo Arundinaria alpina K. Schumach)
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Ethiopian highland bamboo (A. alpina)
It has different landraces that vary in appearance and use
A single clump of lowland bamboo (Oxytenanthera abyssinica) at the age of six after planting, 94 culms per clump (huge biomass)
Bamboo resource in EthiopiaEarlier estimates report 1 million
ha (85% is lowland bamboo)67% of the bamboo cover in Africa
and 7% of the worldNaturally grow in six regional states
Recent estimatesDeforestation rate of bamboo 52%
(Semeneh Bessie, et al., 2015)MEFCC and FAO, 2015- 519,124.65
(requires ground verification)
Bamboo resource in EthiopiaDerivers of D and D
Agricultural ExpansionUnplanned resettlement
programsUnclear use right and
benefit sharingBamboo mass flowering
and lack of proper management
Bio-deteriorating agentsFrequent fire
Why bamboo in Ethiopia?Its roles
Livelihood construction material, live
fences and some rudimentary furniture and household utensils.
source of domestic energyMore than 85% to 95% of HH in
bamboo areas depend on bambooanimal feed and foodIncome from highland bamboo
Shedem Birr 3,711 (190 USD) per annum
Mahsa- up to Birr 6252 (>300 USD)
Why bamboo in Ethiopia?Environmental services
Soil and water conservationCarbon sequestrationHabitat for wildlifeetc
Bamboo processing in EthiopiaBy local craftsmen
limited bamboo processing areas mainly Awi zone, SNNP and Addis Ababa.
Comprises small handicrafts workshops owned by local processors (home-based)
low quality products mostly furniture, household items, baskets and mats.
no modern tools or equipment sell their products on the road
and moving from place to place.
It is a difficult task for local product producers and traders to take products to distant markets
Bamboo processing in Ethiopia By the Federal Micro and Small Scale
Enterprise Development Authority (FeMSEDA)Principally processes for training and
demonstration purposesDeveloped manuals
UNIDO and EABP By modern industries (recent experience)
It is in 1997 that the first Modern bamboo Industry (ADAL)
bamboo floor boards, bamboo curtain, tooth pick and incense stick
Some experiences by FeMSEDA
Splitting bamboo culms
Products by Bamboo Star Agroforestry LTD
Products by Adal Indastrial LTD
The challenges of Ethiopia’s bamboo sector
Lack of database on types, local uses, traditional knowledge
Lack of information and technologies Limited information on stand
management techniqueslarge scale regeneration
/propagation processing, packing, storage, grading
The challenges of Ethiopia’s bamboo sector
Lack of information oncomparative economic
analysis and feasibility of production options
Minimal value additionIllegal tradeIncreasing price to raw
bamboo during from 2006-2009
Achievementspolicies to encourage sustainable
management of bamboo Various initiatives by non-governmental
organizations The government has also recently started to
support bamboo conservation management and utilization initiatives.
Bamboo sectoral Strategy Framework (BASSF) and a short to medium term bamboo strategy (2013-2015)
Achievements INBAREthiopia is running different bamboo related
Projects with INBAR (ongoing and completed)Bamboo as a sustainable biomass energy: A
suitable alternative for firewood and charcoal production in Africa
Mainstreaming pro-poor livelihood and addressing environmental degradation with bamboo in Eastern and Southern Africa
Benishangul-Gumuz Food Security and Economic Growth(BSG-FSEG project)
Development and commoditization of the pre-fabricated Modular Bamboo housing in Asia and Africa
Achievements INBAR
South-South knowledge transfer strategies for scaling up pro-poor bamboo livelihoods, income generation and employment creation, and environmental management in Africa
Rural communities weather climate change adaptation challenges through bamboo based rain water harvesting storage tanks, Ethiopia
Bamboo for Sustainable Watershed Management and Livelihood Generation: An Innovative Approach to Mitigate Land Degradation in Ethiopia.
Prospects Enabling environment to investment
More emphasis to the private sectorGovernment priority to manufacturing sector
Growing local and international marketGovernment's huge commitment in road network Peace and stabilityThe two indigenous species fulfill ISO standards
for industrial products such as Ply board, Laminated bamboo lumber (LBL), Oriented strand board (OSB), Medium density fiber
board (MDF) and Floor boards
Prospects Institutional and legal measures
Bamboo a strategic commodity in MEFCCAmendments of the forest law
Encourages the private sectorRecognizes communal ownershipAddresses use rights including carbon
rightBamboo as potential species for
afforestation reforestation purposesLarge mass of land (>3 million ha) and
cheap labor
Summary and way forwardThe use of bamboo resources in the country is
sub-optimal due to:(a) The supply of raw bamboo is rapidly diminishing
both in terms of quality and quantity, and (b) Bamboo-based operations are confined to
primary processing Weak institutional arrangement
A huge potential and prospects that Ethiopia could exploit and achieve mitigation and adaptation targets.
Clear national strategy for conservation, development and utilization of Bamboo
Strengthening partnership
Summary and way forwardAlign bamboo development with other
overall economic development goals and national commitmentsGTP-Sustainable natural resource management
SLM CRGE-afforestation and re-afforestation as well
as sustainable management plans Global Degraded land Restoration Initiatives
Bon challenge…15 million ha?GGW-Combating desertification
Summary and way forwardPromote bamboo management for
environmental services (green landscapes)CarbonSoil and conservationConservation of fauna
Create potential markets by promoting financial and technical investment in bamboo-based industriesCharcoalPulp and paperFuel
Thank you for attending