The Politics of Slave Culture. Puzzles to Consider for Next Week Why did northerners and...
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Transcript of The Politics of Slave Culture. Puzzles to Consider for Next Week Why did northerners and...
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The Politics of Slave Culture
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Puzzles to Consider for Next Week
Why did northerners and southerners come to distrust each other?
Why did southerners see the abolitionists as a serious threat to slavery?
In what ways were slaves able to influence politics?
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Slavery was in many respects a “negotiated” relationship between
the enslaved and their masters.
A. False: Slavery is premised on power; masters did not need to negotiate!
A. True: However great, the power of the master was never absolute.
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Slavery as a Negotiated Relationship
Ultimate threat of the planter: Violence
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Slavery as a Negotiated Relationship
Ultimate threat of the planter: Violence
Ultimate threat of the slave: Refuse to work
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Slavery as a Negotiated Relationship
Ultimate threat of the planter: Violence
Ultimate threat of the slave: Refusal to Work
Planter held advantage, but often had to make compromises
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Runaways and Revolts as Resistance
Runaways perceived as a big problem (Underground Railroad).
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Day-to-Day Resistance Sometimes Became Even More Serious
Runaways perceived as a big problem (Underground Railroad).
Slave Conspiracies and Revolts: Denmark Vesey in SC (1822) and Nat Turner in VA (1831)
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Question: Did Garrison’s Liberator encouraged Nat
Turner’s Rebellion? A. Yes, the Liberator
began publishing at same year as Turner’s rebellion.
B. No, Turner seemed unaware of the Liberator.
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Why Not More Runaways and Revolts?
Geography (Maroon Communities Difficult)
Demographics (Slaves Outnumber)
Slave Family Life
Police Power of the Government
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Another Kind of Resistance:Plantation of James Henry Hammond
Hammond: Man on the Make
Married Catherine Fitzsimmons
Philosophy: “Design for Mastery”
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Work: Slaves Converted Privileges to Rights
Hammond’s attempt to shorten Christmas holiday: I was “persuaded out of my decision by the Negroes”
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Slave Religion:Hammond Tried to Control
1840s: “I intend to break up Negro preaching. . . Ordered night meetings to be discontinued.”
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. . . Yet He Fails Miserably
1851: “Religious Troubles among the Negroes. . .they are allowed too much organization—too much power to the head men”
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Southerners Begin to Worry
Will antislavery northerners encourage runaways?
Will antislavery northerners encourage slave rebellions?
What happens if southerners lose control of the federal government?
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White Southerners Adopt Siege Mentality
Abolition Becomes a Felony in Many Southern States.
Destruction of Mail in Charleston Post Office (1835).
Gag Rule in Congress (1836).Slavery as a Positive Good
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Southern Behavior Elicited Some Distrust in North
John Quincy Adams:
“The South Carolinians are attempting to govern the Union as they govern their slaves.”
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Adding to the Cycle of Distrust
NorthernAbolitionism
Slave Resistance
SouthernCensorship
Northern
Suspicion
ProslaveryIdeology
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The “Before Picture”Thomas Jefferson’s
Ambivalence Slaveholder who
recognized contradictions
Slavery might undermine republic
Slavery would eventually disappear
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But Jefferson Did Relatively Little to Abolish Slavery
“We have the wolf by the ears; and we can neither hold him, nor safely let him go. Justice is in one scale, and self-preservation in the other.”
Thomas Jefferson, 1820
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Elements of Proslavery Ideology
Religion: Bible Justified Slavery, Africans Introduced to Christianity
Economics: Northerners Benefit from Slavery as Well.
Care of Slaves: Planters Have Economic Incentive to Treat Slaves Well.
Racism