The police and crimes The police and crimes P.39-P.41P.39-P.41

Group2Group2 Member: Member:

(1) Jean 6A1C0009 (1) Jean 6A1C0009 (2) Nena997C0072(2) Nena997C0072

(3)Jessie 6A1C0013(3)Jessie 6A1C0013 (4)Julia 6A1C0026(4)Julia 6A1C0026 Teacher: Johnanth.Teacher: Johnanth.

The police The police P.39P.39 Each of BritainEach of Britain’’s fifty-two police forces is s fifty-two police forces is

responsible for law enforcement in its own area. In responsible for law enforcement in its own area. In addition there are various national and regional addition there are various national and regional connections (for example, in areas of training or connections (for example, in areas of training or the transfer of criminal records), and local forces the transfer of criminal records), and local forces cooperate with each other. Some special services, cooperate with each other. Some special services, such as the Fraud Squad (who investigate financial such as the Fraud Squad (who investigate financial crimes), are available to any local force in England crimes), are available to any local force in England and Wales. In general, however, the local police and Wales. In general, however, the local police forces work independently under their own Chief forces work independently under their own Chief Constables. Each force is maintained by a local Constables. Each force is maintained by a local police authority. The exception is London, where police authority. The exception is London, where the Metropolitan Police are responsible to the the Metropolitan Police are responsible to the Home Secretary.Home Secretary.

Police duties cover a wide range of activities, Police duties cover a wide range of activities, from traffic control to more specialized from traffic control to more specialized departments such as river police.Each departments such as river police.Each independent force has a uniformed branch and independent force has a uniformed branch and a Criminal Investigation Department (CID) a Criminal Investigation Department (CID) with detectives in plain clothes. In addition the with detectives in plain clothes. In addition the police authorities in England and Wales police authorities in England and Wales employ well over 50,000 civilians and over employ well over 50,000 civilians and over 3,000 traffic wardens.3,000 traffic wardens.

Britain has relatively few police-approximately Britain has relatively few police-approximately one policeman for every 400 people – and one policeman for every 400 people – and traditionally they are armed only with traditionally they are armed only with truncheons except in special circumstances. truncheons except in special circumstances. However, recent years have seen some major However, recent years have seen some major changes in police policy in response to industrial changes in police policy in response to industrial disputes and inner city violence in Great Britain. disputes and inner city violence in Great Britain. There has been an increase in the number of There has been an increase in the number of special units trained in crowd and riot control special units trained in crowd and riot control and in the use of firearms, a controversial area and in the use of firearms, a controversial area for the British police. The number of police has for the British police. The number of police has risen along with the crime rate. In recent years, risen along with the crime rate. In recent years, they have become more accountable as a result of they have become more accountable as a result of highly publicized cases of police corruption and highly publicized cases of police corruption and racism.racism.

ComprehensionComprehension

(2) How are people chosen to serve on a jury?(2) How are people chosen to serve on a jury?

Answer:Answer:

Randomly, all citizens(18+) are Randomly, all citizens(18+) are automatically on a list of potential jury automatically on a list of potential jury members.members.

(4) Do police officers in Britain carry guns?(4) Do police officers in Britain carry guns?

Answer:Answer:

In England they have a special unit that In England they have a special unit that

has guns but rel gar patrol do not have guns they has guns but rel gar patrol do not have guns they

have a baton and pepper spray mostly they come have a baton and pepper spray mostly they come

up against knifes but if a suspect has a gun they up against knifes but if a suspect has a gun they

will call in the special unit.will call in the special unit.

( in my opinion all police officer should have guns)( in my opinion all police officer should have guns)

comprehensioncomprehension

• 11 What is the difference between a solicitor and a What is the difference between a solicitor and a barrister?barrister?

• Barrister is court lawyer and Solicitor is help barrister Barrister is court lawyer and Solicitor is help barrister gives legal advice and prepares legal documents.gives legal advice and prepares legal documents.

• 22 Is there a nation police force in Britain? Is there a nation police force in Britain?• Yes there is a national police force in BritainYes there is a national police force in Britain• 33 Which do you think is better : judgement by one trained Which do you think is better : judgement by one trained

lawyer or judgement by twelve ordinary people?lawyer or judgement by twelve ordinary people?• For me I prefer to be judge by one trained lawyer becauseFor me I prefer to be judge by one trained lawyer because• The twelve ordinary people who are chosen at random The twelve ordinary people who are chosen at random

from the Electoral Register (the list of people who can vote from the Electoral Register (the list of people who can vote in elections) I think itin elections) I think it’’s not really objective.s not really objective.

Crime and Crime and PunishmentPunishment

CrimeCrime

• About 90 per cent of all crimes are dealt with punishments About 90 per cent of all crimes are dealt with punishments courts. Sentences (that is, the punishments decided by the courts. Sentences (that is, the punishments decided by the court) vary a lot but most people who are found guilty have to court) vary a lot but most people who are found guilty have to pay a fine. Magistrates courts can impose fines of up to£2000 pay a fine. Magistrates courts can impose fines of up to£2000 or prison sentences of up to six months. If the punishment is or prison sentences of up to six months. If the punishment is to be severe the case must go to a Crown Court. The most to be severe the case must go to a Crown Court. The most severe punishment is life imprisonment : there has been no severe punishment is life imprisonment : there has been no death penalty in Britain since 1965.The level of recorded death penalty in Britain since 1965.The level of recorded crime and the number of people sent to prison both rose crime and the number of people sent to prison both rose rapidly during the last thirty years of the twentieth century. rapidly during the last thirty years of the twentieth century. By 2001 the prison population had risen to over 64000 and By 2001 the prison population had risen to over 64000 and although it has fallen slightly since, there are serious concerns although it has fallen slightly since, there are serious concerns within the prison service about the numbers and conditions. within the prison service about the numbers and conditions. The weekly cost of keeping someone in prison is higher than The weekly cost of keeping someone in prison is higher than the average wage.the average wage.

PunishmentPunishment• There are some of the punishments available to judges.There are some of the punishments available to judges.

• PrisonPrison

• Suspended sentencesSuspended sentences: the offender does not go to prison unless he : the offender does not go to prison unless he or she commits another offenceor she commits another offence

• ProbationProbation : normal life at home, but under supervision : normal life at home, but under supervision

• Youth custodyYouth custody in special centres for young adult in special centres for young adult

• Short disciplinaryShort disciplinary training in a detention cntre training in a detention cntre

• Community serviceCommunity service :decorating old people :decorating old people’’s houses.s houses.

• CompensationCompensation :paying, or working for,one :paying, or working for,one’’s victims victim

• FinesFines: the punishment in 80 %of cases disqualification from : the punishment in 80 %of cases disqualification from drivingdriving

• Fixed penalty finesFixed penalty fines: especially for parking offences: especially for parking offences

DiscussionDiscussion

Which punishment do you think is suitableWhich punishment do you think is suitablefor each of he following crimes?for each of he following crimes?A Murder of a policemanA Murder of a policemanLife imprisonmentLife imprisonmentB Vandalising a telephone boxB Vandalising a telephone box £ 400 fines£ 400 finesC drinking and driving ,without causing an accidentC drinking and driving ,without causing an accident £ 200 fines and disqualification from driving£ 200 fines and disqualification from drivingD robbing a supermarket with a gunD robbing a supermarket with a gunFive to ten years in prison Five to ten years in prison E stealing goods from a shop (shoplifting)E stealing goods from a shop (shoplifting)100 hours of community service100 hours of community serviceF parking a car illegallyF parking a car illegally a small fixed penalty finea small fixed penalty fine

Taiwan crime rateTaiwan crime rate

The Comparison of Crime Rates, 2002-2011 In Taiwan still have death penaltyThe Comparison of Crime Rates, 2002-2011 In Taiwan still have death penalty

• 中華民國中華民國 9191 年至年至 100100 年年

91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 1000

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

民國

件 、 人 /十萬人口

刑案發生率

犯案人口率

年

From 2001 to 2011From 2001 to 2011

年 份 91年 92年 93年 94年 95年 96年 97年 98年 99年 100年

Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

臺灣(閩)地區實際人口數Population

22,520,776 22,604,550 22,689,122 22,770,383 22,876,527 22,958,360 23,037,031 23,119,772 23,162,123 23,224,912

年中人口數Average Population

22,463,172 22,562,663 22,646,836 22,729,753 22,823,455 22,917,444 22,997,696 23,078,402 23,140,948 23,193,518

刑案發生數 480,314 467,027 494,163 521,739 474,352 448,721 409,841 344,874 333,214 307,343

Offenses Known to the Police

(503,389) (494,755) (522,305) (555,109) (512,788) (491,815) (453,439) (386,075) (371,934) (347,674)

嫌疑人人數Offenders

185,751 158,687 176,975 207,425 229,193 265,860 271,186 261,973 269,340 260,356

刑案發生率

(件/十萬人口)2,138.23 2,069.91 2,182.04 2,295.40 2,078.35 1,957.99 1,782.10 1,494.36 1,439.93 1,325.12

Crime Rate (2,240.95) (2,192.80) (2,306.30) (2,442.21) (2,246.76) (2,146.03) (1,971.67) (1,672.88) (1,607.25) (1,499.01)

犯罪人口率(人/十萬人口)

Offenders Rate

826.91 703.32 781.46 912.57 1,004.20 1,160.08 1,179.19 1,135.14 1,163.91 1,122.54

Thank you for listening.Thank you for listening.