The PLANETS -Ontology in the context of the PLANETS -Testbed and the XCL -Software
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Transcript of The PLANETS -Ontology in the context of the PLANETS -Testbed and the XCL -Software
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The PLANETS-Ontology in the context
of the PLANETS-Testbed and the XCL-Software
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PLANETS (Introduction)
• Preservation and Long-term accessvia Networked Services
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PLANETS (Introduction)
• Preservation and Long-term accessvia Networked Services
• Funded by the EC
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PLANETS (Introduction)
• Preservation and Long-term accessvia Networked Services
• Funded by the EC• 4 year project until June 2010
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PLANETS – PARTNERS I The British Library National Library, Netherlands Austrian National Library State and University Library,
Denmark Royal Library, Denmark
National Archives, UK Swiss Federal Archives National Archives, Netherlands
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PLANETS – PARTNERS II
Tessella Plc IBM Netherlands Microsoft Research, Cambridge Austrian Institute of Technology
Hatii at University of Glasgow University of Freiburg Technical University of Vienna University at Cologne
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The PLANETS project-structure
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The PLANETS project-structure
-Service-oriented architecture that offers several preservation-tools wrapped as Java-based services- provides the basic infrastructure, used by all PLANETS-subprojects
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The PLANETS project-structure
Creating high quality preservation plans to meet the requirements of memory institutions and the kind of their digital resources
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The PLANETS project-structure
Tools & Strategies: - migration und emulation- Universal Virtual Computer- Investigation of existing Solutions and additional development of new Software (context aware objects)
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The PLANETS project-structure- Inspection of different long-term preservation strategies through experiments with different tools. - Design, implementation und execution of these self-developed or open-source tools to messure the reliability and accuracy of these tools on digital resources.
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The PLANETS project-structure
•XCL-Framework for characterisation and comparison of files•Pronom: file-format identification
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Introduction to the XCL-Tools
• Problem 1:Memory Institutions (Libraries, Archives, Museums)store a lot of digital material (e.g. images, text-files, emails, databases, audio-video-material).
• How do they find out, that their data has been damaged during a conversion?
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Introduction to the XCL-Tools• Problem 1 - bit-detorriation during conversion:
before: after:
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Introduction to the XCL-Tools
• Problem 2:What if a file-format becomes obsolete? (e.g. *.doc) Example-Strategy: file-format migration
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Introduction to the XCL-Tools• Problem 2: What happened here?before: after:
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Introduction to the XCL-Tools
• Two XML-based languages:• XCEL (Extensible Characterisation Extraction
Language)
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Introduction to the XCL-Tools
• Two XML-based languages:• XCEL (Extensible Characterisation Extraction
Language)• XCDL (Extensible Characterisation Definition
Language)
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Introduction to the XCL-Tools
• Two Tools:• Extractor uses XCEL-files to extract information
from files and produces XCDL-files for each extracted file
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Introduction to the XCL-Tools
• Two Tools:• Extractor uses XCEL-files to extract information
from files and produces XCDL-files for each extracted file
• Comparator compares two or more XCDL-fileswith different statistical methods to express the equality of these XCDL files
both available as command-line-tools and wrapped as services in the IF-subproject
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Introduction to the XCL-Tools• The XCL-tools know „normdata“
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Properties in the XCL-Tools
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The XCL-Ontology
Migrator
tiff
png
Extractor
tiff XCEL
png XCEL
Comparator
png XCDL
tiff XCDL
93% XCL Ontology
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The XCL-Ontology
• Lists all available property-names for file-formats, the extractor can process
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The XCL-Ontology
• Lists all available property-names for file-formats, the extractor can process
• Maps these terms to a normalised naming, which is then used in the XDL-languages
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The XCL-Ontology
• Lists all available property-names for file-formats, the extractor can process
• Maps these terms to a normalised naming, which is then used in the XDL-languages
• Defines datatypes and units for these properties
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Ontologies – what?
Definition: “formal, shared conceptualization of a particular domain of interest” (T. Gruber, “ Translation Approach to Portable Ontology Specifications”, Knowledge Acquisition 5, No. 2, 199-220 (1993). )
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Ontologies – why?
Advantages: •XML-based (rdf-owl)
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Ontologies – why?
Advantages: •XML-based (rdf-owl)•machine-readable
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Ontologies – why?
Advantages: •XML-based (rdf-owl)•machine-readable•Clear relationships between different kinds of „things“
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Ontologies – why?
Advantages: •XML-based (rdf-owl)•machine-readable•Clear relationships between different kinds of „things“•Enable inference
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Ontologies – why?
Advantages: •XML-based (rdf-owl)•machine-readable•Clear relationships between different kinds of „things“•Enable inference•are extensible
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What concepts do we need?
Example• A colour map is called ‘PLTE’ in PNG• Is the same as ‘lookup’ in pdf
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What concepts do we need?
Example• A colour map is called ‘PLTE’ in PNG• Is the same as ‘lookup’ in pdf• ‘PLTE’ is modelled as an instance of
PNG_Properties• ‘lookup’ is modelled as an instance of
PDF_Properties
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What concepts do we need?
In OWL terminology:• Classes (= abstract)• Individuals (=concrete instances of these)• Object-Properties (relationships between
individuals of different classes)
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And what about datatypes and units?
Abstract concepts as Classes:• datatypes and units• Instances as Individuals (cm, inch / int, char)
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How does it look like?
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How does it look like?
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How does it look like?
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How does it look like?
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How does it look like?
<!-- http://planetarium.hki.uni-koeln.de/public/XCL/ontology/XCLOntology.owl#colourPalette
<rasterInformation rdf:about="#colourPalette">
<rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
>A colour map for palette colour images.
Usually for RGB coloured pictures.
Defined as array of hex-colour-values, appearing in the order left to right and top to bottom</rdfs:comment>
<ID rdf:datatype="&xsd;string">id25</ID>
<Unit rdf:resource="#NULL"/>
<has_alternative_filespecific_name rdf:resource="#PLTE"/>
<has_alternative_filespecific_name rdf:resource="#colourMapTiff"/>
<Datatype rdf:resource="#int"/>
<has_alternative_filespecific_name rdf:resource="#lookup"/>
</rasterInformation>
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How does it look like?
<!-- http://planetarium.hki.uni-koeln.de/public/XCL/ontology/XCLOntology.owl#PLTE -->
<fmt_13_png rdf:about="#PLTE">
<rdfs:comment xml:lang="en"
>Chunk that containes the Palette for truecolour-PNGs. Use is optional.
If the Image containes also an alpha-channel there should also be a bKGD Chunk.
Required for colour_type3-PNGs</rdfs:comment>
<Unit rdf:resource="#NULL"/>
<convertTo rdf:resource="#colourPalette"/>
<Datatype rdf:resource="#int"/>
</fmt_13_png>
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How is it used?• As a SPARQL-based webservice to produce XML-
Schema-files for each format – all adhering to the same (XCL-) naming convention
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How is it used?• In the current version of the PLANETS-Testbed
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Next Steps „PLANETS-wide“ Ontology
• Include more properties (non-extractable or observational) from all PLANETS-Subprojects and external projects
1.Preservation Planning / PLATO2.PLANETS Testbed (benchmark-goals)3.INSPECT• Unify and map these to each other...
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Next Steps „PLANETS-wide“ Ontology
• Include more properties (non-extractable or observational)
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Next Steps „PLANETS-wide“ Ontology
• Display the „observational“ Properties as list in the testbed-webservice
• Let the user add values• • ...work in progress (until May 2010)
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Summary
• Characterisation tool for different file-formats = Extractor (XCDL-output)
• Evaluation tool = Comparator (compare XCDLs)• The XCL Ontology (soon extended)• Embedded into the PLANETS Interoperability
Framework and the PLANETS Testbed
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Thank you
Find out more: http://planetarium.hki.uni-koeln.de/
http://planets-project.eu/