The Planet and Earth

8/14/2019 The Planet and Earth

1/31

The Planet Earth, Ecology andThe Planet Earth, Ecology and

HealthHealth

K.P.Mishra,K.P.Mishra,

Brijesh Singh Yadav,Brijesh Singh Yadav,

Sweta Gupta,Sweta Gupta,United Research CenterUnited Research Center

UIT Campus Naini AllahabadUIT Campus Naini Allahabad

[email protected]@gmail.com

We are never survive Beside these thingWe are never survive Beside these thing


2/31

HISTORY OF EARTHHISTORY OF EARTH

Homo sapiens

appeared

0.0030.13

First human like

apes

0.115

Age of dinosaurs4.3 - 1.4200 - 65

Earliest evidence

of life

813,800

Earth formed1004,700

EVENTINDEXED (Earth

formed to now

=100)

MILLION

YEARS BC


3/31

The Earth:The Earth:A place in the universe where life is knownA place in the universe where life is known

to existto exist


4/31

The Earth is ourThe Earth is our

environment.environment.

If we are not worried about theIf we are not worried about the

Earth, some ecological problemsEarth, some ecological problems

appear:appear:

Air and water are pollutedAir and water are polluted

Forests are cut downForests are cut down

Animals are damagedAnimals are damagedWildlife is disturbedWildlife is disturbed

Litter is put into waterLitter is put into water

Health is spoiledHealth is spoiled


5/31

EcologyEcology

EcologyEcology

is a science about natureis a science about nature

and about relation of man with itand about relation of man with it..

Practically, it is a science studyingPractically, it is a science studying

whether we, human being, keep ourwhether we, human being, keep our

common house, our planet Earth, incommon house, our planet Earth, in

a good state and how we use the giftsa good state and how we use the gifts

it is giving us: water, air, land,it is giving us: water, air, land,

plants, animals and minerals.plants, animals and minerals. Ecology is a science which studiesEcology is a science which studies

the relationship between all forms ofthe relationship between all forms of

life on our planet with itslife on our planet with its

environment.environment.


6/31

, ,, ,flowers, trees, animals, birds, fish andflowers, trees, animals, birds, fish and

people.people.

But whats happening now?But whats happening now?

AirWaterLand

A lot of riversA lot of rivers

and lakes areand lakes are

pollutedpolluted

Sea animalsSea animals

are hurtare hurt

Air pollution isAir pollution is

not reducednot reduced

Global warmingis caused by thegreenhouseeffect

The forestsThe forests

are cut downare cut downWhen theWhen the

forestsforests

disappeardisappearmany animalsmany animals

are disturbedare disturbedMost of theMost of the

countryside iscountryside is

spoiledspoiled


7/31

WHAT ARE THE RESULTS OF OURWHAT ARE THE RESULTS OF OUR

INFLUENCE ON THE ENVIRONMENTINFLUENCE ON THE ENVIRONMENT??

We pollute the air.We pollute the air. We change the climateWe change the climate..

We leave a fire.We leave a fire. We destroyed the forestWe destroyed the forest..

We throw away plastic bottles.We throw away plastic bottles. We damageWe damage

nature.nature. We leave litter in the forests.We leave litter in the forests. We hurt animalsWe hurt animals..

We break trees.We break trees. We disturb birds.We disturb birds.

We dont recycle paper.We dont recycle paper. We cut down trees toWe cut down trees to

make new paper.make new paper.

We throw litter in the rivers and seas.We throw litter in the rivers and seas. We causeWe cause

water pollution.water pollution.

We leave glass bottles in the forest.We leave glass bottles in the forest. We hurtWe hurt

animals and people.animals and people.


8/31

Todays environmental problemsTodays environmental problems

Air pollution, smog, waterAir pollution, smog, waterpollution, destruction ofpollution, destruction ofnatural resources.natural resources.

The ozone layer in the upper atmosphereThe ozone layer in the upper atmosphere

protects the world from the suns harmfulprotects the world from the suns harmfulrays. The chemical used widely in aerosolrays. The chemical used widely in aerosolcans, refrigerators, and other products arecans, refrigerators, and other products aredestroying this precious layer.destroying this precious layer.

The electric power station burn coal toThe electric power station burn coal toproduce the energy that keeps our lightproduce the energy that keeps our lighton. That burning coal gives off gas thaton. That burning coal gives off gas thatcame the greenhouse effect and acidcame the greenhouse effect and acidrains.rains.


9/31

TheThe threethree RRs:s:

What can or mustWhat can or mustwewe

rreduce?educe?

rreuse?euse? rrecycle?ecycle?

We can reduce usingWe can reduce using

electricity.electricity.

We can reduce using water.We can reduce using water.

We must recycle cartons.We must recycle cartons.

We must reuse glass bottles.We must reuse glass bottles.

We can recycle newspapers.We can recycle newspapers.

We must recycle paper.We must recycle paper.We can recycle plasticWe can recycle plastic

containers.containers.

All these actions help to reduceAll these actions help to reduce


10/31

To hurt the Earth is to hurtTo hurt the Earth is to hurt

yourself yourself

Do you agree with this statement?Do you agree with this statement?

Why? Why not? Give your examples.Why? Why not? Give your examples.

This is teens opinion:This is teens opinion:

I agree with this statement toI agree with this statement tohurt the Earth is to hurthurt the Earth is to hurtyourself because the Earth isyourself because the Earth is

our home. Everything isour home. Everything isconnected. When we pollute airconnected. When we pollute airand water we spoil the thingsand water we spoil the thingswe use because we breath thiswe use because we breath this

air and drink this water. If theair and drink this water. If the


11/31

22 April - Earth Day22 April - Earth DayDo you know this holidayDo you know this holiday??

There are over 300 nature centres in BritishThere are over 300 nature centres in British

cities. There are a lot of environment groups:cities. There are a lot of environment groups:Friends of the Earth, Greenpeace and others.Friends of the Earth, Greenpeace and others.

What are these groups concernsWhat are these groups concerns??

Join us and clean the Earth!Join us and clean the Earth!

Make the world a better place!Make the world a better place!

Taking care of the Earth is everybodysTaking care of the Earth is everybodys

business!business!


12/31

GreenpeaceGreenpeace It is an internationalIt is an international

environmental organization,environmental organization,started in the 1960s instarted in the 1960s in

Canada. It has a policy ofCanada. It has a policy ofnon violent direct actions.non violent direct actions.

Greenpeace message isGreenpeace message isWhen the last tree is cutWhen the last tree is cut

down and the last fish killed,down and the last fish killed,the last river poisoned, thenthe last river poisoned, then

you will see that you cantyou will see that you cant

eat money.eat money.


13/31

Friends of the EarthFriends of the Earth

(the FOE)(the FOE) It is an environmentalIt is an environmental

pressure group. Thispressure group. This

organization wasorganization was

founded in the UK infounded in the UK in1971. The aim of the1971. The aim of the

group is to protect thegroup is to protect the

environment. The mainenvironment. The main

concerns are air, sea,concerns are air, sea,river and land pollution;river and land pollution;

recycling, etc. Friendsrecycling, etc. Friends

of the Earth hasof the Earth has

branches in 30 countriesbranches in 30 countries..


14/31

The Royal Society forThe Royal Society for

the Protection of Birdsthe Protection of BirdsThe RSTB (The RoyalThe RSTB (The Royal

Society for theSociety for the

Protection of Birds) isProtection of Birds) is

a voluntarya voluntaryorganization inorganization in

Britain. It wasBritain. It was

founded in 1889 withfounded in 1889 withthe aim of protectingthe aim of protecting

wild birds. Thewild birds. The

society has oversociety has over

200 000 members.200,000 members.


15/31

The Royal Society for theThe Royal Society for the

Prevention of Cruelty toPrevention of Cruelty to

AnimalsAnimalsThe RSPCA (The RoyalThe RSPCA (The Royal

Society for the Prevention ofSociety for the Prevention of

Cruelty to Animals) is anCruelty to Animals) is an

organization (a charity) inorganization (a charity) in

Britain . The members of thisBritain . The members of this

organization protect animals.organization protect animals.


16/31

Barguzinsky natureBarguzinsky nature

reservereserve was the firstwas the first

nature reserve in Russia.nature reserve in Russia.

It was founded in 1916. InIt was founded in 1916. Inis 2480 square km.is 2480 square km. LakeLake

BaikalBaikal is situated there.is situated there.

The nature reserve wasThe nature reserve wasfounded to protect sable.founded to protect sable.


17/31

One of the most interesting parks in theOne of the most interesting parks in the

USA isUSA is the Evergladesthe Everglades in Florida. Itsin Florida. Its

wildlife is enjoyed by many naturalistswildlife is enjoyed by many naturalists

and tourists. Water birds, snakes,and tourists. Water birds, snakes,

alligators, wildcats, fish, cypress treesalligators, wildcats, fish, cypress trees

are protected in the Everglades.are protected in the Everglades.

ildlif C i iWildlif C ti i


18/31

Wildlife Conservation inWildlife Conservation in

IndiaIndia

To promote wildlife awareness among theTo promote wildlife awareness among thepeople, the Indian government haspeople, the Indian government has

started various natural projects andstarted various natural projects and

programs such asprograms such as Project TigerProject Tiger, Nature, NatureCamps and Jungle Lodges. These projectsCamps and Jungle Lodges. These projects

not only help to preserve our naturalnot only help to preserve our natural

heritage, but encourage eco-tourism asheritage, but encourage eco-tourism as

well.well.


19/31

Are you worried aboutAre you worried about

nature?nature?

The Earth is more than the place we call home.The Earth is more than the place we call home.

The Earth is our environment. It means that theThe Earth is our environment. It means that the

land, air, water and wildlife that surround usland, air, water and wildlife that surround usaffect the way we live. And the way we liveaffect the way we live. And the way we live

affects the natural world outside our front door.affects the natural world outside our front door.

A lot of people understand this and see urgentA lot of people understand this and see urgent

environmental problems. 52% think that waterenvironmental problems. 52% think that water

pollution is a problem. 43% think that whenpollution is a problem. 43% think that when

trees are cut down it is a problem. Air pollutiontrees are cut down it is a problem. Air pollution

is a problem for 32%.is a problem for 32%.


20/31

Who is in Charge of the Planet?Who is in Charge of the Planet?A lot of people think about the future of theA lot of people think about the future of theplanet. Some people take care of animals, othersplanet. Some people take care of animals, otherstake care of birds, others are in charge of forests.take care of birds, others are in charge of forests.

I think children can help the planet.I think children can help the planet.

They can recycle. They can plantThey can recycle. They can planttrees and help animals. If they donttrees and help animals. If they dontleave litter and dont damage wildlifeleave litter and dont damage wildlifethe nature is not spoiled.the nature is not spoiled.

It is important that children shouldIt is important that children shouldtake part in saving Earth.take part in saving Earth.

We are in charge of the planetWe are in charge of the planetbecause we all pollute it and I thinkbecause we all pollute it and I think

that we all should try to help it.that we all should try to help it.


21/31

Protect Our Furry FriendsProtect Our Furry Friends

Never buy products made

from endangered animals.Persuade everyone youknow not to buy real fur.

Volunteer to work at yourlocal Zoo or animal shelter.


22/31

Health EcosystemsHealth Ecosystems

A healthy ecosystem has beenA healthy ecosystem has been

described as an environment thatdescribed as an environment that

maintains its biodiversity, is stablemaintains its biodiversity, is stable

over time, and is resilient toover time, and is resilient tochange (Rapport et al., 1995).change (Rapport et al., 1995).

We have never given our planet aWe have never given our planet a

comprehensive physical tocomprehensive physical tomeasure its health. (Lash 2002)measure its health. (Lash 2002)


23/31

Disease EcologyDisease Ecology

Detail oriented; reductionistDetail oriented; reductionistHuman health is enclosed by theHuman health is enclosed by the

triangle oftriangle ofpopulationpopulation (gender, age and(gender, age andgenetics),genetics), habitathabitat (natural, social and(natural, social and

built) andbuilt) and behaviourbehaviour (beliefs, social(beliefs, socialorganization and technology).organization and technology).

The body is continuously assaulted andThe body is continuously assaulted and

rallies or suffers due to organic or non-rallies or suffers due to organic or non-organic stimuli or insults e.g., bacteria,organic stimuli or insults e.g., bacteria,viruses, protozoa, parasites,viruses, protozoa, parasites,electromagnetic radiation, violenceelectromagnetic radiation, violence


24/31

Healthy Community /PopulationHealthy Community /Population

Health Indicators continuedHealth Indicators continued

Census, language,ethnicity, immigrationrates

culture

Most of the aboveindicators are available

by sex

gender

Health services data,procedure rates,gps/per capita,

immunization rates,number of hospital beds

Health services


25/31


26/31

Disease Ecology Triangle

Source: Meade and Earickson 2000


27/31

Disease EcologyDisease Ecology

Meade and Earickson2000


28/31

Ecosystem CharacteristicsEcosystem Characteristics

Have a life of theirHave a life of their

own with orown with or

without humanswithout humans

Are more than aAre more than acommunity ofcommunity of

species but lessspecies but less

than a biospherethan a biosphere

Boundaries areBoundaries are

arbitrary byarbitrary by

necessitynecessity

function wellfunction well


29/31

Measuring EcosystemMeasuring Ecosystem

HealthHealth

Concern with characteristics thatConcern with characteristics thatdifferentiate healthy from sickdifferentiate healthy from sickecosystems?ecosystems? , e.g., loss of species, biomagnification,, e.g., loss of species, biomagnification,

toxicitytoxicityConcern with ability to bounceConcern with ability to bounce

back/recover equilibrium (systemsback/recover equilibrium (systemstheory)theory)

after stresses or perturbationsafter stresses or perturbations forest fires, oil tanker spills, droughtsforest fires, oil tanker spills, droughts Id magnitude of risk factorsId magnitude of risk factors

e.g., exposure to anthropogenic stressese.g., exposure to anthropogenic stressessuch as pesticide contamination.such as pesticide contamination.


30/31

Biopsychosocial Model of HealthBiopsychosocial Model of Health

and Illnessand Illness

Illness determined by physiologicalIllness determined by physiological

systems, psychological andsystems, psychological and

socioeconomic (environment,socioeconomic (environment,

lifestyle)lifestyle)Interdependent systems determineInterdependent systems determine

healthhealth

Ecosystem health/health ecology:Ecosystem health/health ecology:

interdependent, population healthinterdependent, population health


31/31

The Planet and Earth

Documents

Transcript of The Planet and Earth