The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods...
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Transcript of The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods...
![Page 1: The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods have the same number of electron orbitals. Groups have.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649f585503460f94c7e178/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Periodic Table
![Page 2: The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods have the same number of electron orbitals. Groups have.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649f585503460f94c7e178/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows.
Periods have the same number of electron orbitals.
Groups have the same number of electrons in their outer orbital (valance electrons)
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![Page 3: The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods have the same number of electron orbitals. Groups have.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649f585503460f94c7e178/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Metals vs. Non-Metals
![Page 4: The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods have the same number of electron orbitals. Groups have.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649f585503460f94c7e178/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Alkali Metals
• low melting and boiling points compared to other metals
• they are very soft and can be cut easily with a knife
• they have low densities• react quickly with water• Form bases in water.
![Page 5: The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods have the same number of electron orbitals. Groups have.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649f585503460f94c7e178/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Alkali Earth Metals
• shiny.• silvery-white• somewhat reactive
metals• low densities• low melting and boiling
points
![Page 6: The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods have the same number of electron orbitals. Groups have.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649f585503460f94c7e178/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Transition Metals• they form colored compounds• they are good conductors of
heat and electricity• they can be hammered or
bent into shape easily• they are less reactive than
other metals• they have high melting points
(except for mercury) • they are usually hard and
tough• they have high densities
![Page 7: The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods have the same number of electron orbitals. Groups have.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649f585503460f94c7e178/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Basic Metals
![Page 8: The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods have the same number of electron orbitals. Groups have.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649f585503460f94c7e178/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Metalloids
• Solids• Can be shiny or dull• Ductile—made into
wires• Malleable—pounded
into sheets• Conduct heat and
electricity better than nonmetals but not as well as metals
![Page 9: The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods have the same number of electron orbitals. Groups have.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649f585503460f94c7e178/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Halogen Family
• Low melting and boiling points
• Brittle when solid• Poor conductors of
heat and electricity• Have colored vapors• Very reactive with
group 1 and 2.
![Page 10: The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods have the same number of electron orbitals. Groups have.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649f585503460f94c7e178/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Noble Gases
• stable (their valence shell is full)
• generally non-reactive• conduct electricity• fluoresce• odorless and colorless
![Page 11: The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods have the same number of electron orbitals. Groups have.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649f585503460f94c7e178/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Lanthanide Series• Silvery-white metals that tarnish when
exposed to air, forming their oxides.• Relatively soft metals. Hardness
increases somewhat with higher atomic number.
• High melting points and boiling points• Very reactive.• React with water• Burn easily in air• Many rare earth compounds fluoresce
strongly under ultraviolet light.• Lanthanide ions tend to be pale colors• The lanthanides react readily with most
nonmetals
![Page 12: The Periodic Table. The periodic table is divided into groups (columns) and periods rows. Periods have the same number of electron orbitals. Groups have.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062515/56649f585503460f94c7e178/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Actinide Series
• All are radioactive.• The metals tarnish
readily in air.• High density• They react with boiling
water or dilute acid to release hydrogen gas.
• Actinides combine directly with most non-metals.