1. Essential Standard 8.P.1: Understand the properties of matterand changes that occur when matter interacts in an open andclosed container. Clarifying Objective 8.P.1.2: Explain how the physicalproperties of elements and their reactivity have been used toproduce the current model of the Periodic Table of elements.

2. Why is the periodictable important to The periodic table isme? the most useful toolto a chemist. It organizes lots ofinformation about allthe known elements. 3. The Arrangement of the Periodic TableThe elements are arranged in rowsaccording to their atomic number and incolumns according to their valenceelectrons or number of electrons in theouter shell. Elements in a given columnhave similar chemical characteristics.A detailed periodic table typically givesinformation on the name, symbol, atomicAdvancenumber, atomic weight, shell to page 5configuration and other material. 4. The History of the Periodic Table Dmitri Mendeleev Lothar Meyer 5. Periodic Table of ElementsThe elements in a column make up a family of elements. A family is also known as a group. Thus the elements in column 8 are known as the family or group of noble gases. Click on the Periodic Table 6. How do I read an electron configuration table?Step 1 - Gather Information Theatomic number is the numberlocated in the upper left corner andthe atomic weight is the numberlocated on the bottom.Step 2 - The Number of Protons isThe atomic number is the numberof protons in an atom of anelement. In our example,Germaniums atomic number is 32.This tells us that an atom ofGermanium has 32 protons in itsnucleus.Step 3 - The Number of Neutronsis... Happily, to find the massnumber, all you need to do is roundthe atomic weight to the nearestwhole number and subtract thenumber of Protons and magicallyyou have found the answer. 7. Let us see what you have learned. Use theinformation provided to answer the questions. 25 11 17HeB Na Cl Helium Boron Sodium Chlorine 4.00310.81 22.990 35.4531. What is the atomic number for Chlorine?2. What is the atomic mass for Boron?3. How many protons are in an atom of Na?4. How many neutrons are in an atom of He?5. How many electrons are in an atom of Cl?6. How many protons and neutrons would be in an atom of Chlorine?7. How many neutrons are in an atom of Na?8. How many protons and neutrons are in an atom of Helium? 8. Metals, Nonmetals and MetalloidsThe periodic table on the right separates elements intothree groups: the metals (green in the table), nonmetals(orange), and metalloids (blue). 9. MetalsMost elements are metals.They Are usually shiny, verydense, and only Melt at hightemperatures. Their shape canbe easily changed into thinwires or sheets withoutbreaking. Metals will corrode,Gradually Wearing away, likerusting iron. Heat Andelectricity travel easily throughmetals, which is why it is not wise to stand next a flagpoleduring a thunderstorm! 10. NonmetalsNonmetals, on the right side ofthe periodic table, are verydifferent from metals. Theirsurface is dull and they dontconduct heat and electricity. Ascompared to metals, they havelow density and will melt atlow temperatures. The shapeof nonmetals cannot bechanged easily because theyare brittle and will break. 11. MetalloidsElements thathave propertiesof both metalsand nonmetalsare calledmetalloids. 12. Elements in the Human Body.Roughly 96 percent of themass of the human body ismade up of just fourelements:oxygen, carbon, hydrogenand nitrogen, with a lot ofthat in the form of water.The remaining 4 percent is asparse sampling of additionalelements from the periodictable. 13. Elements in theEarths surface.Even though there are 92elements that are naturallyfound, only eight of themare common in the rocksthat make up the Earthsouter layer, the crust.Together, these 8 elementsmake up more than 98% ofthe crust.Together, the elementsoxygen and silicon make upmost of the Earths crustincluding silicate mineralssuch as quartz andfeldspar. 14. Physical andChemical ChangesIt is important tounderstand the differencebetween chemical andphysical changes.Physical changes are aboutenergy and states ofmatter. Chemical changeshappen on a molecularlevel when you have two ormore molecules thatinteract and create a newmolecule or two. 15. Balancing Equations Atoms are not CREATED orDESTROYED during achemical reaction. Scientists know that theremust be the SAME numberof atoms on each SIDE ofthe EQUATION. To balance the chemicalequation, you must addCOEFFICIENTS in front ofthe chemical formulas inthe equation. You cannotADD or CHANGE subscripts! 16. Balancing Act:Step-by-Step Example Problem: Step 1: Determine number ofatoms for each element. Step 2: Pick an element that isnot equal on both sides of theequation. Step 3: Add a coefficient in frontof the formula with that elementand adjust your counts. Step 4: Continue addingcoefficients to get the samenumber of atoms of eachelement on each side. 17. Use the formulas provided to determine the number ofatoms of each element in each compound. 1. CO2 List each element by symbol and tell how many atoms 2. 2H2O there are in the compound. 3. Mg(OH)2 C = ____ O = ____ 4. 3NaHCO3 5. 2H2SO4 18. The periodic table is the most important tool in the chemists toolbox! 19. References http://www.tutorvista.com/content/science/science-ii/chemical-reactions-equations/chemical-change.php http://www.tutorvista.com/content/science/science-ii/chemical-reactions-equations/physical-change.phphttp://sciencespot.net/Pages/startersphysci.html http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_chemphys.html http://www.chemistry.co.nz/mendeleev.htm http://science.howstuffworks.com/dictionary/famous-scientists/chemists/julius-lothar-meyer-info.htm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0zION8xjbM 20. Mrs. K On slide 5 is my voice recording and if you click on the pictures youwill be directed to additional information. On slide 6 if you click on the periodic table you will be directed to ayoutube video. On slide 9 if you click on the words periodic table and elements, youwill be directed to additional information. On slide 10 if you click on the word elements, you will be directedto additional information. On slide 11 if you click on the word density, you will be directed toadditional information. On slide 15 if you click on the word states and both thepictures, you will be directed to additional information (websites).