The Periodic Table Periodic table. How is the periodic table organized? Mendeleev organized the...
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Transcript of The Periodic Table Periodic table. How is the periodic table organized? Mendeleev organized the...
How is the periodic table organized?
• Mendeleev organized the periodic table by PROPERTIES!
• He put them in groups (called families) and rows (called periods) and finally, the elements were put in atomic number order
What kind of properties?What kind of properties?
Once, the elements are placed in groups by their properties…
the periodic table can be broken into three large groups; metals, nonmetals, and metalloidsSo, what makes something a metal?
Metals Nonmetals
Shiny Dull
Malleable, ductile Brittle
Excellent conductors Poor conductors
Properties of metals and nonmetals
Metals Nonmetals
Shiny Dull
Malleable, ductile Brittle
Excellent conductors Poor conductors
High density Low density
Properties of metals and nonmetals
Metals Nonmetals
Shiny Dull
Malleable, ductile Brittle
Excellent conductors Poor conductors
High density Low density
Cations- give up electrons Anions- take electrons
Properties of metals and nonmetals
Metals Nonmetals
Shiny Dull
Malleable, ductile Brittle
Excellent conductors Poor conductors
High density Low density
Cations- give up electrons Anions- take electrons
Located on left side of Periodic Table
Located on right side of Periodic Table
Properties of metals and nonmetals
How does the periodic table tell us what an element is?
These are the
NONMETALS
These are all METALS…
And, these are the metalloids!
Periodic Table; organization
• So, he organized them by properties• And, he put them in groups, called
families Because of that, some groups have
special family names because they have unique properties
Family names on Periodic Table
• Group 1 = Alkali Metals
Alkali Metals are HIGHLY reactive.
So reactive, that these elements violently react with water!!
These metals CAN NOT be found in “free in nature”.
This is a special property for this group
Family names on Periodic Table
• Group 2 = Alkaline Earth Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals are reactive metals that CAN be found in the Earth.
This is the special property for this group
(These elements also react with water but not as “cool”!)
Family names on Periodic Table
• Group 2 = Alkaline Earth Metals
• Group 3-12 = Transitional Metals
• Group 1 = Alkali Metals
Family names on Periodic Table
• Group 3-12 = Transitional Metals
Transitional metals are metals that can change its bonding capability; depending on the situation.
This is the special property for this group
Family names on Periodic Table
• Group 1 = Alkali Metals
• Group 2 = Alkaline Earth Metals
• Group 3-12 = Transitional Metals
• Group 17 = Halogens
Family names on Periodic Table
• Group 17 = Halogens
Halogens are the most reactive NON-METAL elements.
This is the special property for this group
Family names on Periodic Table
• Group 1 = Alkali Metals
• Group 2 = Alkaline Earth Metals
• Group 3-12 = Transitional Metals
• Group 17 = Halogens
• Group 18 = Noble Gases