The Periodic Table Periodic table. How is the periodic table organized? Mendeleev organized the...

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The Periodic Table Periodic table

Transcript of The Periodic Table Periodic table. How is the periodic table organized? Mendeleev organized the...

The Periodic Table

Periodic table

How is the periodic table organized?

• Mendeleev organized the periodic table by PROPERTIES!

• He put them in groups (called families) and rows (called periods) and finally, the elements were put in atomic number order

What kind of properties?What kind of properties?

Once, the elements are placed in groups by their properties…

the periodic table can be broken into three large groups; metals, nonmetals, and metalloidsSo, what makes something a metal?

Metals Nonmetals

Shiny Dull

Properties of metals and nonmetals

Metals Nonmetals

Shiny Dull

Malleable, ductile Brittle

Properties of metals and nonmetals

Metals Nonmetals

Shiny Dull

Malleable, ductile Brittle

Excellent conductors Poor conductors

Properties of metals and nonmetals

Metals Nonmetals

Shiny Dull

Malleable, ductile Brittle

Excellent conductors Poor conductors

High density Low density

Properties of metals and nonmetals

Metals Nonmetals

Shiny Dull

Malleable, ductile Brittle

Excellent conductors Poor conductors

High density Low density

Cations- give up electrons Anions- take electrons

Properties of metals and nonmetals

Metals Nonmetals

Shiny Dull

Malleable, ductile Brittle

Excellent conductors Poor conductors

High density Low density

Cations- give up electrons Anions- take electrons

Located on left side of Periodic Table

Located on right side of Periodic Table

Properties of metals and nonmetals

How does the periodic table tell us what an element is?

These are the

NONMETALS

These are all METALS…

And, these are the metalloids!

Periodic Table; organization

• So, he organized them by properties• And, he put them in groups, called

families Because of that, some groups have

special family names because they have unique properties

Periodic Table

11

12

9 10

7 8 5 6 3 4

1

2 15

16

13

14

17

18

Family names on Periodic Table

• Group 1 = Alkali Metals

Periodic Table

ALKALI

ALKALI

Family names on Periodic Table

• Group 1 = Alkali Metals

Alkali Metals are HIGHLY reactive.

So reactive, that these elements violently react with water!!

These metals CAN NOT be found in “free in nature”.

This is a special property for this group

Family names on Periodic Table

• Group 1 = Alkali Metals

• Group 2 = Alkaline Earth Metals

Periodic Table

ALKALI

ALKALI

ALKALINE

Family names on Periodic Table

• Group 2 = Alkaline Earth Metals

Alkaline Earth Metals are reactive metals that CAN be found in the Earth.

This is the special property for this group

(These elements also react with water but not as “cool”!)

Family names on Periodic Table

• Group 2 = Alkaline Earth Metals

• Group 3-12 = Transitional Metals

• Group 1 = Alkali Metals

Periodic Table

TRANSITIONAL METALS

ALKALI

ALKALI

ALKALINE

Family names on Periodic Table

• Group 3-12 = Transitional Metals

Transitional metals are metals that can change its bonding capability; depending on the situation.

This is the special property for this group

Family names on Periodic Table

• Group 1 = Alkali Metals

• Group 2 = Alkaline Earth Metals

• Group 3-12 = Transitional Metals

• Group 17 = Halogens

Periodic Table

ALKALI

ALKALI

ALKALINE

HALOGENS

TRANSITIONAL METALS

Family names on Periodic Table

• Group 17 = Halogens

Halogens are the most reactive NON-METAL elements.

This is the special property for this group

Family names on Periodic Table

• Group 1 = Alkali Metals

• Group 2 = Alkaline Earth Metals

• Group 3-12 = Transitional Metals

• Group 17 = Halogens

• Group 18 = Noble Gases

Periodic Table

ALKALI

ALKALI

ALKALINE

HALOGENS

NOBLE GASES

TRANSITIONAL METALS

Family names on Periodic Table

• Group 18 = Noble Gases

Noble Gases are elements that are completely UNREACTIVE!! They don’t react with any other element!!

This is the special property for this group