The Pavia’s IUSS Master in Nuclear and ... · researchin radiobiology, material science, and...

1

Recent Developments and Applications of Nuclear Technologies

Bialowieza, Poland 15-17 September 2008

The Pavia’s IUSS Master in Nuclear

and Ionizing Radiations Technologies

A.FaucitanoDepartment of General Chemistry - University of Pavia (Italy)

The problem of teaching and professional

training in the field of “non power”

nuclear technologies

IUSS - UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES OF PAVIA

INTERNATIONAL MASTER ON

NUCLEAR AND IONISING RADIATIONS

TECHNOLOGIES

The University Town of Pavia

- 15 miles south of Milan

-70.000 inhabitants

-25.000 students

- 17 University Colleges (Ghislieri and Borromeo

founded in 1560)

-The second oldest University in Italy, founded in

1361(first nucleus in 825 by Lotario)

Alessandro Volta

Camillo Golgi (Nobel prize in medicine)

Lazzaro Spallanzani

NUCLEAR FACILITIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF

PAVIA

•TRIGA MII Research Nuclear Reactor 0.25 Mw

•18 Mev IBA Cyclotrone

• 2 60-Co gamma cells (initially 4 kCi); X –ray

generator (250 Kev)

•Facilities for high energy physics experiments

(partnership with CERN)

2

THE NATIONAL CENTRE FOR ONCOLOGICAL

ADROTHERAPY

CNAOPavia is the location for the national centre for

Oncological therapy using adrons beams(protons,

deutons, carbon and oxygen ions).

A syncrotrone for the production of the ion beams has

already been installed and it will become operative

within 2009.

The syncrotrone will also be a reference apparatus for

research in radiobiology, material science, and medical

physics

INSTITUTIONAL AIMS OF THE MASTER

“Non-power” nuclear technologies are finding

increasing success in strategic areas of human

activities as Nuclear Medicine, Industrial

Radiation Processing, Material Science,

Cultural Heritage, Environmental Studies,

Radioprotection and Nuclear Decommissioning.

Related to this technological advance is the need

for high level professional education and

training not yet fulfilled by traditional

university courses or specialization Schools.

This is the institutional aim of the Master on


TECHNOLOGIES (TNRI)”

which was lunched as a pioneering initiative in

1998 by IUSS-University of Pavia and it is now

arrived at its 9th academic year




TECHNOLOGIES

ONE YEAR COURSEDISSERTATION

EXAM

DIPLOME

4 MODULES

• 1) BASIC NUCLEAR THEORY ( Radiation Physics,

Radiation Chemistry, Radiation detection, Dosimetry,

Radiobiology)

• 2) INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF IONIZING

RADIATIONS

• 3) RADIOCHEMISTRY AND RADIOISOTOPES

TECHNIQUES

• 4) RADIOPROTECTION

THEORETICAL

LECTURES

AND

LABS: 400 hrs

TRAINING STAGE:

6 MONTHS

60 ECTS

48 FROM THE THEORETICAL PART

12 FROM THE STAGE




TECHNOLOGIES

3

ADMISSION TO THE COURSE

•MSc OR EQUIVALENT DEGREE IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY,

ENGINEERING, PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY , BIOLOGY

IS REQUIRED

• SELECTION IS BASED ON CURRICULA AND ORAL

EXAMINATION

LECTURES

•THE ATTENDANCE TO THE COURSE IS MANDATORY

•THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE OF THE COURSE IS ENGLISH.

•LECTURES ARE DELIVERED BY THE BEST SPECIALISTS

FROM ACADEMIC ISTITUTIONS, RESEARCH CENTRES AND

INDUSTRIES .

EXAMINATIONS

• INTERMEDIATE WRITTEN EXAMINATIONS AT THE END OF

EACH MODULE

•FINAL DISSERTATION BASED ON THE STAGE THESIS

FELLOWSHIPS

ABOUT 50 % OF THE STUDENTS ARE AWARDED TWITION

WEAVERS AND REIMBURSEMENT OF LODGING EXPENSES.




TECHNOLOGIES

QUALITY ASSESSMENTQuestionnaires for quality assessment are distributed to

the students:

- when a teacher has completed his lectures cycle

-at the end of each module

-at the end of the theoretical part of the course

-at the end of the stage

-at the end of the course

The questionnaires are aimed to assess:

- the quality of the teaching, - the quality of the examination

- the quality of the documentation delivered by the teachers

to the students, - the quality of the course organization, - the

achievement of the objectives of the master, - the pertinence

of the theoretical part with the training program in the stage,

-the logistic, -the overall satisfactionForms are also distributed to the Tutors responsible for the

training stage in order to achieve an evaluation from them and

their institution

The overall performance Index obtained by the Master

course in the past academic year was 3.3/4




TECHNOLOGIES




TECHNOLOGIES

Prerequisites for the justification and

success of the Master• The existence in the country of a “non power”

nuclear economical and cultural substrate

capable of affording specialists for teaching,

placements for the training stages and job

opportunities.-Nuclear research (academic, private and state institutions)

-Industries operating with nuclear technologies

-Hospitals using nuclear methods (PET centres,

radioprotection services)

-Government Agencies and Institutions

(radiochemistry and radiation controls)

•International Character: english language,

partnerships with foreign prestigious universities

and research institutions. Support by IAEA

4

THE ITALIAN

MINISTRY

OF UNIVERSITY

AND RESEARCH

THE UNIVERSITY

OF

PAVIA

THE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGES

(GHISLIERI)

PARTNERSHIPS

INDUSTRIES

RESEARCH CENTRES

ACADEMIC

INSTITUTIONS

IAEA

IUSSUNIVERSITY INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDIES

DIRECTOR PROF. R. SCHMID

MASTER ON NUCLEAR AND

IONISING RADIATIONS

TECHNOLOGIES

(TNRI)

UNIVERSITIES

•UNIVERSITY OF PAVIA

•POLYTECHNIC OF MILAN

•UNIVERSITY OF MILAN

•POLYTECHNIC OF TURIN

•UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO

•UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA

• UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA

•UNIVERSITY OF URBINO

•INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY AND

TECHNOLOGY (University of Warsaw, Poland)

•INSTITUTE OF APPLIED RADIATION

CHEMISTRY (Technical Univ. of Lodz, Poland)

•INSTITUTE OF RADIOISOTOPES (Hungary)

• DEP. OF ELECTRONICS (Bulgarian Academy of

Science, Sofia)

•UNIVERSITY LOUIS PASTEUR ( France)




TECHNOLOGIES

NUCLEAR INSTITUTIONS AND RESEARCH

CENTRES

•ENEA (Reseach centres at Casaccia, Bologna and S. Teresa

di Lerici)

•ITALIAN NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL ( ISOF -

CNR Research Centre at Bologna, Research labs in Pisa and

Pavia)

•ISTITUTO SUPERIORE DI SANITA’ (ISS, Roma

•ELECTRA SYNCROTRONE (Trieste)

•FEDERAL INSTITUTE FOR FOOD RESEARCH AND

NUTRITION (Karlsruhe, Germany)

•RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB. (Didcot, U.K.)

•NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR PHYSICS

(INFN, Research Centres at Pavia, Frascati, Catania and

Legnaro)

•AGENCIES FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL

PROTECTION (APAT, Rome; ARPA-Lombardia, ARPA-

Emilia Romagna)

•PET CENTRES (CNR-Pisa, JRC-Ispra, S.Raffaele-Milano,

Humanitas-Rozzano, LENA -Pavia; Humanitas-Rozzano,

Milano)

•HEALTH PHYSICS AND RADIOPROTECTION LABS

IN HOSPITALS (Milano, Pavia)




TECHNOLOGIES

5

10 ECTS83 h•Radiation physics

• Radiation chemistry

• Nuclear chemistry and

radiochemistry

• Radiation biology

• Radiation dosimetry

• Radiation detection

CREDITSHOURSModule 1

FUNDAMENTAL

THEORY




TECHNOLOGIES

Radiochemistry

and

Radioisotopes

Techniques

Radionuclides

in Nuclear

Medicine

Cyclotrones

Environmental

Radiochemistry

Radiopharmaceuticals

Radioanalytical

Methods in Material

Science,

Cultural Heritage,

Medicine

Decommissioning

Radioactive Wastes

Characterization

Radiochemistry Labs within Agencies for Environmental

Protection (ARPA, APAT)

Radiochemistry Research Centres (Univ., ENEA, CNR,

SOGIN, NUCLECO)

6

PET Centres and cyclotrone labs for

Nuclear Chemistry Research in 2002

• 5 Milano, 1 Reggio Emilia, 1 Cuneo, 1 Bologna, 1 Castelfranco, 1 Firenze, 1 Pisa, 2 Napoli , 2 Palermo

15

HSR - CTI

HSR - IBA

Tumori - SCX

Policlinico -

GE

Humanitas-

IBA

NA

Pisa - GE

Castelfranco - CTI

MI

PETtrace

FI

BO

PA

Roma

VE

Cuneo - GE

Ispra - SCX

Brescia - GE

Cyclone

18/9

Firenze - GE

Bologna - GE

Reggio Emilia - GE

BS

CN

Pascale - SCX

S.D.N. – GE

Policlinico – GE

Bagheria - IBA

La Maddalena –

IBA

Villa S.Sofia –

GELA

Acerra - GE

Cannizzaro - IBA

CT

Udine - IBA

Situation

May 2006

32 units

MC A.C.O.M. - IBA

ME

Papardo - IBA

Policlinico - GE

MINItra

ce

Perugia - GE

Other

PTV - IBA

Gemelli –

EBCO

S.Martino - CTI

Torino - GE

Pavia - IBA

CA

Brotzu - GE

Oncologico - CTI

PET CENTRES

7 ECTS

4 ECTS

58 h

31 h

•Radioisotopes manipulation

and counting techniques

•α,β,γ Spectrometry

• Instrumental Activation

Analysis (INAA)

• Environmental radiochemistry,

radiation monitoring and

radioactivity control in the

environment

• Radiochemical techniques in

cultural heritage

•Radionuclides and

Radiopharmaceuticals for Nuclear

Medicine( short course)

CREDITSHOURSModule 3 RADIOCHEMISTRY

AND RADIOISOTOPES

TECHNIQUE




TECHNOLOGIES

7

A.Chiti (Centro PET, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano, Milano)

• From chemistry to clinic: the physician perspective on how to use and

manage a PET facility”

S.Todde (Centro Medicina Nucleare PET, Fondazione S. Raffaele,

Milano) • PET radiopharmaceutical production in a high load,

heavy duty facility: radiochemistry and technology aspects.

U.Mazzi (Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Univ. di Padova)

• Technetium and Rhenium Radiopharmaceuticals in Diagnosis and

Therapy

M.Bonardi ( L.A.S.A-INFN, Milano)

• Production of radionuclides for nuclear medicine from cyclotrons:

nuclear reactions, targets, yield calculations, quality assessment.

L.Menichetti ( Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica del CNR, Pisa)

• Cyclotrones: general theory, structure, operation and maintenance

P.Salvadori( Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica del CNR, Pisa)

• General introduction • Radiopharmaceuticals labelled with metal

radionuclides • Radiopharmaceuticals in radiotherapy • Techniques

and methods for the production of radionuclides • Synthesis of

radiopharmaceuticals and radiotracers • Quality control of

radiopharmaceuticals • Examples of application of

radiopharmaceuticals in diagnosis and clinic research

RADIOISOTOPES AND RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS

FOR NUCLEAR MEDICINEShort Course 31 h 3 ECTS

hr




TECHNOLOGIES

Ionizing

Radiation

Technology

Environmental

Applications

and Reycling

Industrial

Radiation

Facilities

(e-beam, γγγγ, X)

Material

Science

Industrial

Sterilization

Applications

in Food

Technology

and

Agriculture

Gammatom (Co)

Gammarad (Bo)

Bioster (Bg, Pd)

Metallurgica Bresciana (Bs)

Novico ( Ap)

Gambro Dasco (Mo)

Megarad (Cs)

ST-Microelectronics ( Mi, Ct)

Tecnotessile (Pr)

Sealed Air ( Mi)

Industrial Radiation Facilities

(e-beam, 60-Co)

8

10 ECTS

3 ECTS

83 h

26 h

•Gamma facilities

• Electron accelerators

• Industrial X ray irradiators

• Nuclear reactors

• Industrial radiation dosimetry

• Applications of radiations to

materials science and technology

• Applications to sterilisation

processes in medical and

pharmaceutical industry

• Applications in agriculture and

food technology

• Applications to environmental

problems

•Waste treatment and recycling

• The radiation rechniques in Food

Industry and Agricolture (short

course)

CREDITSHOURSModule 2 - INDUSTRIAL

APPLICATIONS OF

IONISING RADIATION




TECHNOLOGIES

E. Bortolin (Istituto Superiore di Sanita', ISS-Roma)

Practical aspects of physical identification methods:

•••• electron spin resonance;

•••• thermoluminescence;

•••• photo-stimulated luminescence.

C. Boniglia (Istituto Superiore di Sanita', ISS-Roma)

•••• Food Irradiation: Regulations and the role of ISS

••••Introduction to identification methods

••••Status of Offical Control in Italy

O.Sapora ( Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Roma)

• Radiobiology

• Nutritional and organolectic problems in the food irradiation

technique

•Toxycological problems in the food irradiation techniques

•DNA based methods

S.Onori ( Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Roma)

• Identification of irradiated food by physical methods

H.Delincee' ( Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Food,

Karlsruhe, Germany)

• Food Irradiation: Chemicals Aspects

• Identification of irradiated food: chemical methods

D.Baraldi (ENEA, Casaccia, Roma)

•Overview of irradiation techniques in food industry

THE RADIATION TECHNIQUES IN FOOD

INDUSTRY AND AGRICOLTURE

SHORT COURSE , 20 h 2 ECTS

hr




TECHNOLOGIES

RADIOPROTECTION

Industrial

FacilitiesPET Centres

HospitalsDecommissioning

9

11 ECTS90 h• The profession of ‘Qualified

Expert’

• Legislation of radioprotection

• Health problems related to

workers exposure to radiations

• Dosimetry for radioprotection

• Natural radioactivity

• Radiological apparatus for diagnosis

• Primary and secondary radioprotection

shields

• Program for radiological quality

assurance

• Radioprotection in radioisotopes

manipulation and transportation

• Elements of comparative risk

assessment

CREDITSHOURSModule 4-A

RADIOPROTECTION:

PROGRAM FOR QUALIFIED

EXPERTS




TECHNOLOGIES

326 h• The problems behind

decommissioning

• Dealing with the regulator

• The organization and temporal

action sequence in decommissioning

• The technology needed in

decommissioning

• Characterization of wastes plants and

systems

• Dismantling and Decontamination

•Waste packaging and transport

•Waste disposals

CREDITSHOURSModule 4-B

INTRODUCTION TO

NUCLEAR

DECOMMISSIONING




TECHNOLOGIES

PROFESSIONAL SPECIALITIES

Based on the knowledge acquired in the

theoretical part of the course, a definite

speciality is attained by the student through the

training stage

•Industrial radiation processing

•Cyclotrone operation, maintenance; production

of radioisotopes for nuclear medicine

• Chemical synthesis and quality control of

radiopharmaceuticals

• Radioactive waste characterization

(instrumental and radiochemical methods).

• Environmental radiation monitoring and

radionuclides detection

•Nuclear activation analysis and its applications

•••• Radioprotection: the 4th module of the Master

is based on the official program for the patents (

1st,2th and 3th levels) of “Qualified Expert”. .




TECHNOLOGIES

10

TRAINING STAGESThe training stages have the essential purpose to focus

the student’s learning on a definite speciality which

will be the base for his professional activity

The duration of the training period is normally 6

months; at the end the students must write a thesis for

the diploma dissertation.

The relationship between the external istitution and

IUSS are regulated through a formal agreement

The stage is carried out under the supervision of two

Tutors nominated by the School. The Tutors are

normally also lecturers in the Master course and are

invited to be members of the diploma exam

commission

At the end of the stage the students are often offered

job opportunities or fellowships for pursuiving the

training.




TECHNOLOGIES

TRAINING STAGE

ACADEMIC YEAR 2004-2007

Methods and procedures

for the validation and

quality control of

Radiopharmaceutical

drugs

IBA Molecular Italy –Milano

Project of apparatus

for neutron radiography

at the LENA research

nuclear reactor

Laboratory of Applied

Nuclear Energy (LENA)

University of Pavia

Determination of natural

radionuclides in waters

Regional Agency for

Environmental Protection

(ARPA-Lombardia, Milano)

Technical Organization

of an Integrated system

of Radioprotection

ENEA PRO-IRP - Roma,

Bologna

Characterization of

radioactive wastes by

physical and

radiochemical methods

SOGIN Nuclear Power

Plant at Caorso -Piacenza

267151999-

2000

5

3

2

MSc

ENGIN.

35132002-

2003

2492001-

2002

76151998-

1999

MSc

CHEMISTRY

PHARMAC.

CHEM.

BIOLOGY

ENVIRONM.

SCI.

MSc

PHYSICS

NUMBER OF

MASTER

GRADUATED

ACADEMIC

YEAR

Survey of 9 academic years of

the Pavia’s Master course




TECHNOLOGIES

11

383558131TOTAL

24410

(9 from

Italy)

2007-

2008

54413

(9 from

Italy)

2006-

2007

73919

(18 from

Italy)

2005-

2006

75921

(16 from

Italy)

2004-

2005

331016

(9 from

Italy)

2003-

2004

MSc

CHEMISTRY

PHARMAC.

CHEM.

BIOLOGY

ENVIRONM.

SCI.

MSc

ENGIN.

MSc

PHYSICS

NUMBER

OF MASTER

GRADUATED

ACADEMIC

YEAR

40-80%18113131

%

employement

at 2-5 months

after the end

of the course

(italian

graduated

only)

From

Foreign

Countries

(last 5

academic

years)

from ItalyTotal

Master

Diplomes

( 9

academic

years)

GENERAL REMARKS

1

•The major justification of the Master on “Nuclear

and Ionizing Radiations Technologies” is that it

addresses nuclear specializations which are the

object of intense commercial, industrial and social

activity.

•A second strong point of the Master is that,

taking advantage from the expertise of the

partners, it has succeeded to disseminate the

knowledge and organize professional training in a

variety of nuclear specializations which are not yet

available in current university courses

• Because of the relationships with the working

world the Master has become an observatory for

identifying problems, needs and novel

opportunities in nuclear applications and teaching




TECHNOLOGIES

12

GENERAL REMARKS

2

•The problem of the recruitment:

after 10 years since its foundation the

recruitment aimed to attain a sufficient number

of selected students (minimum 10) requires hard

efforts. This is because “non power” nuclear

applications, although in expansion, are still a

small niche in the economy of a country.

Favoring the birth and coordination of

complementary initiatives in countries of

adequate nuclear culture, launching projects

aimed at the dissemination of non power nuclear

technologies in developing countries, might be a

fruitful strategy for the future.

IAEA is expected to play a decisive role in this

perspective.




TECHNOLOGIES

Since 1987 the radiochemistry knowledge has faded

progressively within Italian academic institutions

and now most of the major experts are within

commercial, industrial institutions and agencies and

labs for radioactivity control.

The situation is not far from being satisfactory in

the field of nuclear medicine

due to the rapid development of PET centres where

also good research is carried on.

Less statisfactory is the situation for environmental

radiochemistry which

is cultivated in regional and national agencies

labs (ARPA, APAT).

Most severe is the deficiency of radiochemists in the

field of characterization of radioactive wastes which

is of crucial importance in nuclear

decommissioning.

The Master as Observatory

The Problem of Radiochemistry

1

The radiochemistry Problem

2As a consequence there is an increasing request of

radiochemists (decommissioning, environmental

controls , industrial applications) which cannot be

fulfilled.

It is therefore urgent to promote the renewal of the

radiochemistry cultural tradition within academic

institutions with special reference to the Chemistry

courses.

The Pavia’s Master has taken the initiative in this

direction

13

NUCLEAR FACILITIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF

PAVIA

•TRIGA Research Nuclear reactor 0.25 Mev

•18 Mev IBA Cyclotrone

• 2 60-Co gamma cells (initially 4 kCi); X –ray generator (250 KEV)

•Facilities for high energy physics experiments

partnership with CERN

THE NATIONAL CENTRE FOR ADROTHERAPY

CNAOPavia is the location for the national centre for

adrotherapy using adrons ( protons, carbon and oxygen

ions). A syncrotrone for the production of the ion beams

has already been installed and it will become operative

within 2009. The syncrotrone will also be a reference

apparatus for research in radiobiology, material science,

and medical physics




TECHNOLOGIES

INDUSTRIES•BIOSTER; e-beam irradiation centre (Seriate ,BG)

•GAMMARAD; 60Co irradiation centre (Bologna)

•GAMMATOM; 60Co irradiation centre (Guanzate, Co)

•NOVICO; Medical items production and sterilization (Ascoli

Piceno)

•METALLURGICA BRESCIANA; e-beam curing of electric

cables (Brescia)

•ST MICROELECTRONICS (Catania)

•THALES ALENIA SPACE; Space Industry (Milano,

Firenze, Torino)

•TECNOTESSILE; Industrial research Centre on e-beam

treatment ( Prato)

•MEGARAD; e-beam curing of electric cables (Mignano

Montelungo,Caserta)

•IBA Ion Beam Applications (Louvaine La Neuve, Belgium)

•IZOTOP; Gamma facilities and radioisotopes (Budapest

Hungary)




TECHNOLOGIES

INDUSTRIES

•So.G.I.N (Nuclear Decommissioning, Roma )

•NUCLECO (Management of radioactive

wastes, Roma)

•PIRELLI Labs (Advanced Research Centre,

Milano)

•PIRELLI TYRES ( Research Centre, Milano)

IBA MOLECULAR ITALY (cyclotrones,

organization and management of PET centres

Roma, Milano, Bologna)

ENI AGIP–RADI (Milano)




TECHNOLOGIES

14

TRAINING STAGE


Evaluation of the novel

methodologies for setting

up the Dosimetry

Laboratory at the

Nuclear Power Plant of

Latina

SOGIN Nuclear Power

Plant at Latina

TRAINING STAGE


Characterization of

radioactive wastes from

nuclear fuels plants

SOGIN ( Roma)

Quality and dose

assessement in digital

radiology

Villa Sistemi Medicali

S.p.A(Milano)

Determination of

Radionuclides in the

environment by liquid

sintillation counting

ARPA –Emilia Romagna

(Piacenza)

TRAINING STAGE


Development of detector

technology to meet the

needs of the LET and

WISH instruments at ISIS

Rutherford Appleton

Laboratories Didcot

(U.K.)

Radiation Induced Bystander

Effect - The Role of

TGFββββ1 in Signal

Transduction

University of Pavia

The radioisotope heating

units for the EXMARS

mission: radiation fields

characterization and dose

calculation by means of

Monte Carlo codes and

implications at spacecraft

system level

Thales Alenia Space

( Torino) and LENA-

University of Pavia

15

TRAINING STAGE


Labeling of nanoparticles

for radioisotopes in

nuclear medicine

European Joint Research

Centre (Ispra, Varese)

Radioprotection inHospitals:

legislation, procedures and

instrumentation

Hospital S. Maugeri (Pavia)

Emergency dosimetry using

alimentary matrices:

experimental

investigation by

luminescence methods

Istituto Superiore di

Sanita’ ( ISS, Roma)

TRAINING STAGE


MATRIX EPR

INVESTIGATION

ON THE FREE RADICAL

DAMAGE IN IRRADIATED

CELLS AND THEIR

CONSTITUENTS (CROMATINE,

DNA, HISTONES, MEMBRANES)

University of Pavia

STRUCTURE AND

ORGANIZATION OF A

PET CENTRE, THE USE

OF A CICLOTRONE AND

AUTOMATIC SYSTEMS

FOR THE PRODUCTION

OF RADIONUCLIDES

AND

RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS

Hospital Humanitas

Rozzano,Milano

PET Centre

REGULATORY

CONTROL OF

RADIATION SOURCES IN

MEDICINE

Hospital S. Maugeri

Foundation (Pavia)

TRAINING STAGE


The useof a ciclotrone and

authomatic systems for the

generation of 18-F and

18-F labelled

radiopharmaceuticals.

Quality control by HPLC

S.Raffaele Hospital

Radiochemistry Lab

and PET Centre ( Milano)

Boron Neutron Capture

Therapy at LENA reactor:

methods for sample

handling,dosimetry and

neutron radiography

LENA-University of Pavia

Project of a spectroscopic

detector for X and gamma

radiations in astrophysics

Alcatel Alenia Space

(Milano)

Synthesis and quality

control of

radiopharmaceuticals for

PET

S.Raffaele Hospital

Radiochemistry Lab

and PET Centre ( Milano)

Radioprotection and

safety procedures related

to the use of syncrotron

ion beams in adrotherapy

University of Pavia

and National Centre For

Oncological Adrotherapy

(CNAO)-Pavia

The Pavia’s IUSS Master in Nuclear and ... · researchin radiobiology, material science, and...

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Transcript of The Pavia’s IUSS Master in Nuclear and ... · researchin radiobiology, material science, and...