the passive voice secondary stage

Mr.Gamil Kassem 01065274048


My grandfather planted this tree

This tree was planted by my grandfather.

The hunter killed the lion.

The lion was killed by the hunter.


•the receiver (object or indirect object) is the focus•the agents are too many to list•the agent(s) is/ are unknown•the agent is not specific (everyone in general)•the agent is secret .

This hotel was built in 1997.

Nabil has been invited to a birthday party.


Present Simple He delivers the letters. The letters are delivered.

Past Simple He delivered the letters. The letters were delivered.

Future Simple He will deliver the letters. The letters will be delivered.

Present Continuous He is delivering the letters The letters are being delivered.

Past Continuous He was delivering the letters. The letters were being delivered.


Present Perfect He has delivered the letters.The letters have been delivered.

Past Perfect He had delivered the letters.The letters had been delivered.

Future perfect He will have bought the money.

The money will have been spent.


PassiveActiveTense

am / is / are مصدر مصدر / + s / esPresent simpleبسيطمضارع

am / is / are + being +ppam / is / are + v. + ingPresent continuousمستمرمضارع

was / were + ppالتصريف الثانى للفعلPast simpleبسيطماضى

was / were + being + ppwas / were + v. + ingPast continuousمستمرماضى

has / have + been + pphas / have + ppPresent perfectتاممضارع

had + been + pphad + ppPast perfectتامماضى

will / shall + be + ppwill / shall + مصدرFuture simpleبسيطمستقبل


will-shall-can-would-should-could-may-might-must-has to-have to-had to-will have to-needn’t-ought to-used to-going to

We may find more oil.

More oil may be found.


SUBJECT OBJECT I ←→ me You ←→ you He ←→ him She ←→ her It ←→ it You ←→ you We ←→ us


The President is awarding three men with the medal of honor

:عاقل اذا جاء في الجملة مفعولين احدهما عاقل واألخر غير –

Three men is being awarded the medal of honor

The medal of honor is being awarded to three men


:عاقل اذا جاء في الجملة مفعولين احدهما عاقل واألخر غير

-He sent me a letter.

-A letter was sent to me. - I was sent a letter.

قبل المفعول : مع أفعال معينة مثلforيستخدم حرف الجر -

buy / build / find / order / make / leave / save / get / keep....

-He bought his mother a present. -A present was bought for my mother.

قبل المفعول العاقل to :مع أفعال معينة مثل

give / bring / lend / offer / pass / read / sell / show / write........

-He passed me the ball.- The ball was passed to me.


مع األفعال--make / see / help / hear / notice / watch:المجهولفى .to + infفى المعلوم و نستخدم .infنستخدم -


االفعال التي تأتي بعدها inglike/hate/ love/ dislike+فعل فعل مصدر او

I don't like people cheating me.

-I don't like being cheated.

being + p.p + فعل

-I don't like people to cheat me.

-I don't like to be cheated.

to be + p.p + فعل


People /They ( think – say – believe – know – suppose

1 = It + is + thought-said-believed-

People say that smoking is bad for health.

It is said that smoking is bad for health.

االسم = 2 / الضمير (am / is are) + p.p + to + + inf. مصدر …Smoking is said to be bad for health.


We know that the accident happened at 3 o’clock

1 = It + is + (thought-said-believed-)

It is known that the accident happened at 3 o’clock

االسم = 2 / الضمير (am / is are) + p.p + to have + p.p

The accident is known to have happened at 3 o'clock


إذا كان الفاعل و المفعول واحد مع الفعلlet

Let + ضمير منعكس be + p.p

He let others laugh at him.

He let himself be laughed at.

بهاوت هناك جمله منفيةإذا كانany body , any thing

They didn’t do any thing to help us .

No thing was done to help


:للمجهولالحظ هذه التغييرات التالية عند التحويل الي المبني

It is possible = can be + PPIt’s impossible = can’t be + PPIt’s necessary = must be + PPIt’s unnecessary = needn’t be + PPIt’s probable = may be + PPIt’s improbable = might be + PPIt’s advisable = should be + PPIt’s inadvisable = shouldn’t be + PP

The Mousetrap ………………….as a radio play in 1947.(wrote -was written -has written -is written)

Millions of people all over the world …………………..the 2008 Olympic Games.

(watch -have watched -watched -are watching)

Agatha Christie’s books ………………into more than 40 languages.(translated -were translating -have been translating -were translated)

Petra ……………………….by the Romans in AD 106.(is captured -captured -has been captured -has captured)

The Eiffel Tower ……………………..by Gustave Eiffel in 1889. (was designed -designed -have been designed -was designing)

The Cairo Metro ………………………by about two million passengers everyday.

(used -is using -is used -was using)


It is now known that Egypt ……….by increasing numbers of tourists last year.

a- visited b-was visited c-is visited d-has been visited

it is believed that languages …….to younger children at schools.

a –taught b-are teaching c-is taught d-are taught

It ……that archaeologists have found a new pyramid at Saqqara

a – reports b-is reported c-was reporting d- has been reported

He is ---------------- to have suffered from amnesia.

a – think b – thinking c – to think d – thought

A famous tennis player ------------- to be hurt in the accident.

a – is believed b – are believed c – is believing d – are believing

Money ---------to bring happiness.

a – thought b – will think c – has thought d – is thought


A 78-year old man has been won this year's prize for crime fiction.

A famous tennis player is believed to be hurting after a city centre road

accident.

A new pyramid at Saqqara has found by archaeologists.

A terrible thing was happened yesterday.

He is said too be a thief.

He is thought to have making a plan.

Her best books have published in over a hundred countries.

It believes that the terrorists escaped.

It has known that smoking causes serious diseases.

the passive voice secondary stage

Education

Transcript of the passive voice secondary stage