The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life...
-
Upload
brianna-morton -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life...
![Page 1: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Origin of LifeEarly and Modern Ideas
![Page 2: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material.
People observed that decaying matter, for example rotting meat would have maggots after a short period of time, and concluded that maggots would be “born”
from decaying meat.
This idea was popular through
the 1800s.
![Page 3: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
About 2000
years ago,
a Roman
poet wrote
these
directions.
![Page 4: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Van Helmont: (1600s) : He
thought he could produce
mice from wheat and a
soiled shirt.
![Page 5: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Francisco Redi (1600s)- JARS OF MEAT & Maggots EXPERIMENT
He used covered & uncovered jars of rotting meat. After several days, the jars of uncovered meat had maggots, while the jars with the covered meat did not. He reasoned that
flies could not lay eggs
on the meat and therefore
there were no maggots.
Therefore---flies do not
spontaneously arise
from meat.
![Page 6: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Lazzaro Spallanzani’s experiment
(mid 1700s) Flasks of broth experiment
showed that microorganisms will not
grow in boiled & sealed broth, but will grow
If the containers are left open.
![Page 7: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Vital force
• John Needham stated that Spallanzani
destroyed the air’s vital force when he
boiled the broth. That is why there were
no microbes.
![Page 8: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Louis Pasteur – (Mid 1800s) His “curved-necked flask” experiment proved that
microorganisms could not arise spontaneously from broth. Air was able to enter the curved-neck of the specially designed flask. Yet, the broth stayed clear.
![Page 9: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Pasteur reasoned that microorganisms
are carried to the broth from dust in the
air.
Therefore microbes come from other
microbes and not through a process of
spontaneous generation.
![Page 10: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
OPARIN’S HYPOTHESIS: Describes how complex organic
compounds may have formed on Earth.
Life beganin the primitiveoceans.
Alexander Oparin(1923-Russian biochemist)
![Page 12: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• Elements found in organic compounds were present at Earth & Solar system’s formation.
• Inorganic & simple organic compounds present in the Earth’s primitive atmosphere included inorganic compounds such as:
• NH3 = ammonia gas, • H2O = water vapor,• H2 = hydrogen gas • and a simple organic compound CH4 = methane gas.• (also carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, Hydrogen cyanide and nitrogen)
Probable no Free Oxygen!
![Page 13: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• A great deal of energy was available for chemical reactions. The source of this energy came from: lightning, the sun’s UV radiation , heat from the earth’s crust, volcanic activity, radioactive isotopes etc..
![Page 14: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Which this energy present, spontaneous interactions of the simpler molecules formed more complex organic molecules such as: amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, and nitrogenous bases.
![Page 15: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• The earth cooled over many years and the water vapor condensed into shallow pools, lakes and then seas.
• Concentrations of the organic compounds increased to form the “primordial soup.”
![Page 16: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
MILLER –UREY Experiment
supported for Oparin’s Hypothesis
• Stanley Miller (1953) a graduated student under Harold Urey, tested Oparin’s hypothesis .
![Page 17: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
He set up an apparatus
to simulate the early
Earth conditions. It
suggested how a
mixture of organic
compounds
necessary for life
could have come
from simpler
compounds
present on the
primitive Earth.
It produced organic compounds needed for living things
![Page 18: The Origin of Life Early and Modern Ideas. I - OLD IDEA Spontaneous generation or abiogenesis - Life could arise from non-living material. People observed.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062517/56649ef15503460f94c02014/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)