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The Olympic Games: A HistoryThe Olympic Games: A Historyresearched and compiled by Martin S. Fisherresearched and compiled by Martin S. Fisher Edited by Sarah Cushion and Dennis Roscoe Edited by Sarah Cushion and Dennis Roscoe

History of the Modern OlympicsPart 8

The Olympic Winter Games

1924 to 1944

Jan Roscoe Publications


Winter Sports 4

The I Olympic Winter Games, Chamonix 1924 5Chamonix 1924, Statistics 6 Chamonix 1924, Britain’s Successes 7Chamonix 1924, Medal League Table 8

The II Olympic Winter Games, St Moritz 1928 & Other Bids 9St Moritz 1928, Medal League Table 10

The III Olympic Winter Games, Lake Placid 1932 & Other Bids 11Lake Placid 1932, Medal League Table 12

The IV Olympic Winter Games, Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936 & Other bids 13Garmisch 1936, British Medal Haul 14Garmisch 1936, Medal League Table 15

The 1940 Olympic Winter Games - cancelled 16The 1944 Olympic Winter Games - cancelled 17Acknowledgements 18Photo Credits 19

INDEXINDEX


Winter Winter SportsSports

• Until 1920 some winter sports Until 1920 some winter sports (Figure (Figure Skating, Ice HockeySkating, Ice Hockey) had been ) had been included in the main Olympic included in the main Olympic programme. programme.

• Just after World War I the suggestion Just after World War I the suggestion was made to separate them off into a was made to separate them off into a specialised specialised Winter FestivalWinter Festival..

• The birth of the The birth of the Olympic Winter Olympic Winter GamesGames..


The I Olympic Winter Games The I Olympic Winter Games - Chamonix 1924 - Chamonix 1924

• These Games were held in These Games were held in CHAMONIXCHAMONIX FRA.FRA.

• The Games were opened by The Games were opened by Gaston VidalGaston Vidal, , French French Under-Secretary of Under-Secretary of Sport.Sport.

The I Olympic Winter Games

IOC PRESIDENT AT THESE

GAMES

Baron Pierre de Coubertin

FRA


• Called Called International Winter Sports Week.International Winter Sports Week.

• Later accepted as first Later accepted as first Winter OlympicsWinter Olympics..

• 16 countries represented.16 countries represented.

• 16 events.16 events.

• 5 sports 5 sports Skiing (inc. Ski Jumping), Bobsleigh, Skiing (inc. Ski Jumping), Bobsleigh, Skating, Curling, Ice HockeySkating, Curling, Ice Hockey..

Chamonix 1924 - StatisticsChamonix 1924 - Statistics



Chamonix 1924 - Britain’s SuccessesChamonix 1924 - Britain’s Successes

• Britain won Gold in Britain won Gold in Men’s CurlingMen’s Curling – although – although not accepted as official event until many not accepted as official event until many years later.years later.

• Britain won silver in Britain won silver in 4-man Bob4-man Bob and bronzes and bronzes in in Ice HockeyIce Hockey and and Ladies Figure SkatingLadies Figure Skating..

• This is Britain’s best performance at Winter This is Britain’s best performance at Winter Games.Games.



• First Winter Games medal for Belgium, France.First Winter Games medal for Belgium, France.- 1- 1 NorwayNorway 44 77 66

- 2- 2 FinlandFinland 44 44 33

- 3- 3 AustriaAustria 22 11 00

- 6- 6 Great BritainGreat Britain 11 11 22

Chamonix 1924Chamonix 1924- Medal League Table- Medal League Table

• First Winter Games Golds for First Winter Games Golds for AustriaAustria, , Finland, Great Britain, Norway, Finland, Great Britain, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland Sweden, Switzerland and and USAUSA..



The II Olympic Winter Games The II Olympic Winter Games - St Moritz 1928 & Other Bids - St Moritz 1928 & Other Bids

• These Games were awarded to These Games were awarded to ST MORITZST MORITZ SUI.SUI.

• There were other bids from There were other bids from Davos Davos SUI SUI EngelbergEngelberg SUI.SUI.

• The Games were opened by The Games were opened by Edmund Schulthess,Edmund Schulthess, President of the President of the Helvetic Confederation of Switzerland. Helvetic Confederation of Switzerland.

The II Olympic Winter Games


GAMES

Henri de Baillet-Latour

BEL


St Moritz 1928St Moritz 1928- Medal League Table- Medal League Table

• Record 25 countries represented, 14 events & 4 Record 25 countries represented, 14 events & 4 sports. sports.

• Earl of NortheskEarl of Northesk (GBR) won bronze in Skeleton (GBR) won bronze in Skeleton Bob (GBR’s 5th winter medal).Bob (GBR’s 5th winter medal).

• First Winter Games Golds for First Winter Games Golds for CanadaCanada and and FranceFrance..

• First Winter Games medals for First Winter Games medals for CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia, , and and GermanyGermany..

- 1- 1 NorwayNorway 66 44 55

- 2- 2 USAUSA 22 22 22

- 3- 3 SwedenSweden 22 22 11


The II Olympic Winter Games


The III Olympic Winter Games The III Olympic Winter Games - Lake Placid 1932 - Lake Placid 1932 & Other Bids& Other Bids

• These Games were awarded to These Games were awarded to LAKE PLACIDLAKE PLACIDUSA.USA.

• There were other bids from There were other bids from Bear Mountain Bear MountainUSA DenverUSA Denver

USA DuluthUSA DuluthUSA USA

Lake TahoeLake Tahoe USA USA MinneapolisMinneapolis USA USA Montreal Montreal CAN CAN Yosemite Valley Yosemite Valley USA.USA.

• The Games were opened by The Games were opened by Franklin D. Franklin D. Roosevelt,Roosevelt, Governor of New York.Governor of New York.

The III Olympic Winter Games


GAMES


BEL


Lake Placid 1932Lake Placid 1932- Medal League Table- Medal League Table

- 1 - 1 USAUSA 66 44 22



- 11 - 11 Great BritainGreat Britain 00 00 00

• 17 countries represented - lower number because 17 countries represented - lower number because of transatlantic travel.of transatlantic travel.

• 14 events & 4 sports. 14 events & 4 sports.

The III Olympic Winter Games

• Sonja HenieSonja Henie (NOR) won Figure Skating (NOR) won Figure Skating for second time.for second time.


The IV Olympic Winter Games The IV Olympic Winter Games - Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936 - Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936

• These Games were awarded to These Games were awarded to GARMISCH - PARTENKIRCHEN GER.GARMISCH - PARTENKIRCHEN GER.

• There was another bid from There was another bid from St Moritz St Moritz SUI. SUI.

• The Games were opened by The Games were opened by Adolf Hitler,Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of the Chancellor of the German Reich and the German Reich and the games were dominated by the games were dominated by the Nazi regime. Nazi regime.

• 28 countries represented - record.28 countries represented - record.

The IV Olympic Winter Games


GAMES


BEL


Garmisch 1936 - British Garmisch 1936 - British Medal HaulMedal Haul

• Britain won Ice Hockey - its second Britain won Ice Hockey - its second Winter Gold medal. Winter Gold medal.

• Cecilia ColledgeCecilia Colledge won silver in Ladies won silver in Ladies Figure Skating. Figure Skating.

• GBR won bronze in 4 - man Bobsleigh. GBR won bronze in 4 - man Bobsleigh. • This was Britain’s second best Winter Games.This was Britain’s second best Winter Games.

• Garmisch-Partenkirchen (GER) 1936.Garmisch-Partenkirchen (GER) 1936.


• Record 17 events & 4 sports.Record 17 events & 4 sports.


Garmisch 1936Garmisch 1936- Medal League Table- Medal League Table

• First Women’s Nordic Skiing.First Women’s Nordic Skiing.

• First Winter Games Golds for Germany.First Winter Games Golds for Germany.


- 2- 2 GermanyGermany 33 33 00




• Sonja HenieSonja Henie (NOR) won Ladies Figure (NOR) won Ladies Figure Skating for third time - later Hollywood Skating for third time - later Hollywood filmstar.filmstar.


The 1940 Olympic Winter Games The 1940 Olympic Winter Games - cancelled - cancelled

• Games eventually Games eventually cancelled cancelled because of World War II. because of World War II.

• Later transferred to St Moritz (SUI) Later transferred to St Moritz (SUI) because of Sino-Japanese War.because of Sino-Japanese War.

• Games initially awarded to Games initially awarded to Sapporo Sapporo JPN.JPN.

• Later transferred to Garmisch-Later transferred to Garmisch-Partenkirchen (GER).Partenkirchen (GER).


The 1944 Olympic Winter The 1944 Olympic Winter Games - cancelledGames - cancelled

• Games initially awarded to Games initially awarded to Cortina d’Ampezzo Cortina d’Ampezzo ITA.ITA.

• Games eventually cancelled because of World Games eventually cancelled because of World War II.War II.


My grateful thanks to the international Olympic committee for permission to use the Olympic logo, and to other original research by Erich Kamper, Volker Kluge, Wolf Lyberg, Bill Mallon, Ian Buchanan and the International Society of Olympic Historians.


www.google.co.uk for all images/photos not specified below and

for leading me to all the following

www.olympic.org photo of Pierre de Coubertinthroughoutwww.olympic.org images of Olympic medals throughoutwww.olympic.org photo of de Baillet-Latour throughoutWikimedia commons photo of Sonja Henie slides 11 + 15

Photos and Images Courtesy Photos and Images Courtesy of:of:

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