The Odyssey Introduction

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Bell Ringer Skill: Tragic Hero vs. Epic Hero Pre-Assessment Homer Background Information Trojan War Background Information Troy Movie Clip An Introduction to the Odyssey p. 740 Calypso—song p.755 Tell The Story p. 751 The Wanderings p. 752

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First two weeks of Odyssey notes

Transcript of The Odyssey Introduction

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Bell Ringer Skill: Tragic Hero vs. Epic Hero Pre-Assessment Homer Background Information Trojan War Background Information Troy Movie Clip An Introduction to the Odyssey p. 740 Calypso—song p.755 Tell The Story p. 751 The Wanderings p. 752

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Write 4-5 sentences on the following:

What makes a hero? Write down the names of people, real or fictional, whom you consider heroic.

Then, list character traits that you think a hero should have. Are these traits universal or do they reflect only your own culture?

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Tragic hero is the main character in a tragedy who makes an error in his or her actions that leads to his or her downfall.

Epic hero is an important figure from a history or legend, usually favored by or even partially descended from deities. The hero participates in cyclical journey or quest, faces adversaries that try to defeat him in his journey, gathers allies along his journey, and returns home significantly transformed by his journey. Many epic heros are recurring characters in the legends of their native culture. They have no superpowers but they’re smart, brave and have fears but overcome them to protect their friends, families, and country.

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1. In an epic, a nation’s _____ is often determined by the actions of the hero.

a. muse b. fatec. origin d. demise

2. Prior to The Odyssey, the soldiers had been engaged in war with _____.

a. Phaeacia b. Iliadc. Athens d. Troy

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3. An _____ is a long narrative poem which includes gods, weapons, a hero, and it takes place over a large territory and a long period of time.

a. fiction b. novelc. epic d. non-fiction

4. Odysseus faces conflict with all of the characters except _____.

a. Calypso b. Circec. Telemachus d. Polyphemus

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5. Odysseus is held captive on an island occupied by women for years by _____.

a. Circe b. Athenac. Penelope d. Calypso

6. _____ attempts to turn Odysseus, like his crew, into an animal, but is unsuccessful.

a. Zeus b. Poseidonc. Circe d. Calypso

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7. The story was first told approximately _____ years ago.

a. 50 b. 100c. 200 d. 2000

8. The person given credit for creating the story was _____.

a. Athena b. Homerc. Hercules d. Hermes

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9. The first book which described the Trojan War events is known as the _____.

a. Odyssey b. Iliadc. Bible d. History of the Greek

Empire

10. Another name by which Odysseus was known was _____.

a. King Laertes b. Agamemnonc. Nobody d. Achilles

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11. Odysseus left his home in _____ to help in the War.

a. Troy b. Phaeaciac. Ithaca d. Laestrygonia

12. This goddess helped Odysseus frequently because she respected him.

a. Calpyso b. Circec. Athena d. Helen

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13. Odysseus had been involved in the War in order to rescue a friend’s wife _____.

a. Athena b. Helenc. Eurylicus d. Calypso

14. _____ was angry with Odysseus because he hurt his son, Polyphemus.

a. Circe b. Poseidonc. Zeus d. Athena

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15. Polyphemus was a _____ who lived on an island with his other brothers.

a. cyclopes b. dragonc. monster d. god

16. The Odyssey is told beginning with Odysseus describing his adventure to the King of _____.

a. Greece b. Troyc. Ithaca d. Phaeacia

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17. Odysseus faced all obstacles except _____.

a. moly b. Poseidonc. muse d. Hades

18. A _____ is asked to help tell the story because it is long and complicated.

a. god b. goddessc. muse d. king

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19. The Odyssey is written as _____.a. non-fiction b. a short storyc. an epic poem d. a novel

20. Odysseus returns to his home in _____ after 20 years.

a. Phaeacia b. Agaeac. Ithaca d. Olympia

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Who was he? What did he look like?

Lived around 850 BC

Suppoused author of ancient Greek epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey.

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The war originated from a quarrel between the goddesses Athena, Hera and Aphrodite, after Eris gave them the apple of discord which was marked “for the fairest.”

Zeus then sent the goddess to Paris who judged that Aphrodite was the fairest and should receive the apple. In exchange, Aphrodite made Helen, the most beautiful of all women and wife of Menelaus, fall in love with Paris.

The Achaeans launched war on the city of Troy after Paris (of Troy) stole Helen from her husband Menelaus, the king of Sparta. The war would last 10 years.

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The Greeks built a huge figure of a horse, in which a select force of men hid. The Greeks pretended to sail away, and the Trojans pulled the horse into their city as a victory trophy. That night the Greek force crept out of the Horse and opened the gates for the rest of the Greek army, which had sailed back under cover of night. They entered and destroy the city, decisively ending the war.

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Now we will watch the Trojan Horse scene from the movie Troy.

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Who was she? What did she look like?

Sea nymph in Greek mythology and the daughter of Titan god Atlas.

She imprisoned Odysseus on her island in Homer’s Odyssey.

http://www.last.fm/music/Suzanne+Vega/_/Calypso

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Compare the song Calypso with what you read about Calypso. Use evidence from the text to find similarities and differences.

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Bell Ringer Project Assignment Laertes’ Son p. 756 Lotus Eaters p. 758 The Cyclops p. 760 Group Activity

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Predict why you think a poem as old as The Odyssey might still be valuable today.

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The Titans The Olympians◦ Gaea – Kalahari Hermes – Alexie◦ Uranus – Woodie Athena – Jackie◦ Cronus – Lauren Hephaestus- Brandon◦ Rhea – Marquise Hera – Rashad◦ Oceanus – Suhye Zeus – Eduardo◦ Tethys – Demetrius Poseidon – Brooklyn◦ Mnemosyne – Tara Hades – Hayley◦ Atlas – Adam Aprodite – Holly◦ Prometheus – Jonathan Apollo – Fabian◦ Metis – Kayla Aris – Mariana◦ Hyperion- Quierra Artemis – Dakota◦ Epimetheus- Carmen Hestia – Brittany◦ Themis - Brenda◦ Iapetus - Nate

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The Titans The Olympians◦ Gaea –Ryan Hermes – Breann◦ Uranus – Darion Athena – Kaitlyn◦ Cronus – Michael Hephaestus- Jaylen◦ Rhea – Carolina Hera – Jasmin Perry◦ Oceanus – Madai Zeus – Devaun◦ Tethys – Amber Poseidon – DeAndre◦ Mnemosyne – Anais Hades – Joshua Saylor◦ Atlas – David Aprodite – James◦ Prometheus – Shakari Apollo – Patricia◦ Metis – Jacob Aris – Hayley◦ Hyperion- Josh Hoewisch Artemis – Darren◦ Epimetheus- Ethan Hestia – Ester◦ Themis – Jazmine Knighten◦ Iapetus - Brandon◦ Coeus - Cardishea◦ Phoebe - Tia

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A cyclops is a member of a primordial race of giants, each with a single eye in the middle of the forehead.

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Consider the following quotation:

“An epic is an encyclopedia of the manners, customs, and values that bind a whole

civilization together.” –W. T. Jewkes

As you think about this quote review the introduction that begins on p. 740

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You will be put into groups. Each group should have a facilitator to make sure all group

members participate, a recorder to take notes, and a presenter to present the group’s results to the class.

Identify a film, a book, or another story that has the qualities of a modern epic, according to Jewkes’s definition.

Analyze what the work reveals about:◦ Our values◦ Our manners and traditions◦ The way we respond to obstacles◦ The way we relate to one another◦ The way we handle problems◦ The kinds of behavior we find appropriate or inappropriate

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Compare/contrast the artistic representations of Cyclops on page 760 and 762.

Use specific examples of imagery to make this comparison or identify contrasts within the piece of art.

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Please identify if the following quotes direct or indirect characterization for the specified character.

“…Cyclops went on filling his belly / with manflesh and great gulps of whey…” (p. 763)

“We Cylopes / care not a whistle for your thundering Zeus / or all the gods in bliss; we have more force by far” (p. 761-762).

Reflect back to our readings from today or yesterday.  Choose one character (Odysseus, Calypso, or Cyclops) and identify one example of direct and one example of indirect characterization.  Your answers must differ from those listed above.

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Mythology in advertising

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Bell Ringer Skill Review: Internal/External Conflict The Enchantress Circe p. 773 The Land of The Dead p. 775 The Sirens; Scylla and Charybdis p. 778 The Cattle of the Sun God p. 784 Exit Slip Movie

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What is an internal conflict?◦Takes place entirely within a character’s

own mind.◦A struggle between opposing needs or

desires or emotions within a single person.

What is an external conflict?◦A character struggles against an outside

force. This outside force might be another character, or society as a whole, or something in nature.

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Odysseus deals with beings of all kinds and with various cultures.

Choose a quality—such as open-mindedness, intelligence, courage, self-confidence, or determination—and find two examples in the text that show Odysseus using that characteristic to deal with a dangerous situation.

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Bell Ringer Skill: Epithets Part II: Coming Home

◦ The Meeting of Father and Son p. 791◦ The Beggar and the Faithful Dog p. 794◦ The Test of the Great Bow p. 798

Exit Slip Movie

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An adjective or phrase used to characterize someone.

Example: Catherine the Great; Baby Boomers Both of these characterize an empress and a

generation.

Homer uses epithets as formulas to characterize phrases and people.

For example: “faithful Penelope” reminds us of Penelope’s outstanding character trait.

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Identify the epithets in the following quotations, taken from Homer’s other epic, the Iliad.

1. “At last his own generous wife came running to meet him,/Andromache, the daughter of high-hearted Eetion…”

2. “Then tall Hector of the shining helm answered her…”

3. “…where all the other/lovely-haired women of Troy propitiate the grim goddess…”

4. “Quick-footed Achilles spoke sternly…”5. “Thus they buried Hector, tamer of horses.”

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1. Daughter of high-hearted Eetion

2. Hector of the shining helm3. Lovely-haired women; the

grim goddess4. Quick-footed Achilles5. Hector, tamer of horses

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Bell Ringer Skill Review: Plot Death At the Palace p. 803 Odysseus and Penelope p. 806 Activity: Power of Image vs. Word Essay Assignment

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Write a few sentences on the following:

Imagine that someone has been absent from home for many years. What might that person think or feel upon returning home?

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Compare and contrast the depiction of Penelope with the painting by Pinturicchio on p. 798

Next, look at the domestic details in the busy scene. What might the suitors be saying to Penelope? Has anyone yet noticed the ship outside the window?

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Write a story plan showing how an odyssey could have a woman as its voyaging hero. You may set your story in any time and place, from Odysseus’s Greece to your hometown today to a distant galaxy in the future. Consider these points in your plan;

◦Occupation of the hero; her reason for being away from home; her situation at home

◦Trials of her journey; how she deals with the “monsters” she meets

◦What happens when she returns home