The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag...
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![Page 1: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean
sea surface and and the mean dynamic
topographyBy
Dag Solheim
Norwegian Mapping Authority
Co-authors
A. Hunegnaw, O. Omang, A. Soltanpour (NMA), B. R. Pettersen, D. I.
Lysaker (UMB), H. Drange, J. Johannessen, F. Siegismund (NERSC),
H. Nahavandchi, K. Ghazavi (NTNU), A. Gidskehaug (UoB), H. P.
Plag (UNR)
![Page 2: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
OCTAS, Ocean Circulation and
Transport between the North Atlantic
and the Arctic Sea
![Page 3: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
OCTAS partnersNMA, Norwegian Mapping Authority
UMB, University of Life Sciences (NLH, Ås)
NERSC, Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center
NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
UoB, University of Bergen
(UoO, University of Oslo)
External partners:
DNSC, Danish National Space Center
OSU, Ohio State University
UNR, University of Nevada Reno
UEDIN, University of Edinburgh
![Page 4: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
OCTAS and related research
projects
![Page 5: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Interdisciplinary project
![Page 6: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Educational part
• 4 PhD students
• OCTAS Study Course
• Enhance the Norwegian capabilities in
earth observation by using modern satellite
techniques in an interdisciplinary way
![Page 7: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The OCTAS geoid
• Collect and validate existing gravity data
• Airborne Gravity Survey
• Adjustment of marine gravity data
• Computation of the geoid using the best
available geopotential models
![Page 8: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Gravity coverage
![Page 10: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Marine Gravity Data
• Many old sources
– Errors due to navigation, pre GPS
– Blunders
– Data bias, insufficient tie to land gravity
– Data structure, often given as points and NOT
in a line/track-organized way
– Mixture of data from several surveys
![Page 11: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Example, gravity blunder
![Page 12: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Adjustment of data• Need data organized as tracks
• Each survey internally adjusted
• Compute bias for each survey
• However
– Data often given as points and not as tracks
– Some sources a mixture of data from several
surveys
• UEDIN, network adjustment
![Page 13: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Difference between adjusted and non-
adjusted gravity data (mgal)
![Page 14: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
OCTAS v4 geoid (m)
![Page 15: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Altimetry derived MSS
![Page 16: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Challenges
• OCTAS primary study area, Fram Strait
between Greenland and Svalbard
• Limited number of satellites, ERS1/2,
Envisat
• Significant amount of sea ice
• Limited number of retracked data available
(outside the scope of OCTAS)
![Page 17: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
OCTAS v3, MSS (m)
![Page 18: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
OCTAS MDT, MSS-Geoid (m)
![Page 19: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
OCCAM MDT (m)
![Page 20: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Optimal estimation of the geoid
and the MDT
• Least Square Collocation, LSC
– Covariance function modeling
• Iterative Combination Method, ICM
– Developed by R. Hipkin and A. Hunegnaw at
the University of Edinburgh
![Page 21: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
OCTAS, LSC MDT
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OCTAS, ICM MDT, KMS04 & FOAM
![Page 23: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Bathymetry
![Page 24: The OCTAS Project, the geoid, the mean sea surface and and the mean dynamic topography By Dag Solheim Norwegian Mapping Authority Co-authors A. Hunegnaw,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b25a055034607418b5d37/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Post OCTAS Activity
• MSS in the Fram Strait, retracking
• Geoid computation
• Gravity compiling, error screening
• Marine survey in 2007 in cooperation with
the Norwegian Coast Guard and University
of Bergen
• GOCE