A L I S O N B O O T H

J . P A U L H U N T E R

K E L L Y J . M A Y S

THE NORTON

INTRODUCTION

TO Literature

S H O R T E R N I N T H E D I T I O N

THE NORTON INTRODUCTION TO

ISBN 0-393-92615-X • PAPER + 2CDs • 1,750 PAGES

he Norton Introduction to Literature, Shorter Ninth Edition, is an unparalleledcollection of the very best classic and contemporary stories, poems, andplays in an inviting format that accommodates many different teaching

styles, reading tastes, and pedagogical needs.

Now offering a new contextual chapter, a completely rewritten section on writing about literature, refreshed pedagogy throughout the book, new student-writing samples, and 54 new literary selections, The Norton Introduction toLiterature, Shorter Ninth Edition, is more flexible and attractive than ever before.

ALISON BOOTHUniversity of Virginia

J. PAUL HUNTERUniversity of Virginia

KELLY J. MAYSUniversity of Nevada, Las Vegas

Literature

T

“Since my use of The Norton Introduction to Literature as an undergraduate, I have enjoyed its breadth and helpful arrangement and notes. What a valuable resource! I trust I shall be teaching and enjoying many future editions.”—TIMOTHY RUSSELL, Geneva College

“One of the most valuable textbooks I have used in years.”—LYNN KEETER, Gardner-Webb University

AVAILABLE OCTOBER 2005

SHORTER NINTH EDITION

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Diverse New SelectionsThe Shorter Ninth Edition offers a significantly expanded selection of classic and con-temporary works. In addition to 323 poems (42 of which are new) and 12 plays (1 new),the anthology offers 50 short stories (11 of which are new)—one of the most comprehensiveand inclusive selections available in a paperback introductory anthology. This uniquelyinclusive selection of stories includes classic favorites alongside exciting contemporaryauthors such as Sherman Alexie and Jhumpa Lahiri. Turn to page 4 for the table of contents.

New Contextual Chapter“Exploring Contexts” chapters, offered throughoutthe text, provide an abundance of textual and visualmaterial to encourage research, writing, and discus-sion and to help students better understand theways in which literary works are shaped by cultureand history.

The Shorter Ninth Edition adds a contextual chapterto the poetry section that focuses on the HarlemRenaissance. Providing a compact and teachableselection of some of the best-known poems fromthis exciting movement, this chapter also includesilluminating prose pieces by Langston Hughes,James Weldon Johnson, Alain Locke, RudolphFisher, and Zora Neale Hurston, as well as manyvisual resources.

Completely Revised PedagogyThe Shorter Ninth Edition offers a completely revised suite of pedagogical elementsdesigned to help students read, think about, and write about literature as creatively andanalytically as possible.

In addition to revising editorial introductions, theeditors have re-written all end-of-selection ques-tions and writing suggestions, selected all new stu-dent writing examples, added additional visualresources, and completely rewritten the anthology’scomprehensive guide to writing about literature.

To encourage students to use the invaluable mediaresources that accompany the text, this edition uses

and icons in the margins to point to worksfeatured on the Audio Companion or the StudentWeb Site (see page 15 to learn more).

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ContentsFiction

Fiction: Reading, Responding, Writing

✹ ANONYMOUS, The Elephant in the Village of the Blind✹ LINDA BREWER, 20/20

RAYMOND CARVER, CathedralGRACE PALEY, A Conversation with My Father

✹ A. S. BYATT, The Thing in the Forest✹ SHERMAN ALEXIE, Flight Patterns

STUDENT WRITING: The Heart of Storytelling in “A Conversation with My Father” and “Flight Patterns”

Understanding the Text

1 PLOT

JOHN CHEEVER, The Country HusbandJAMES BALDWIN, Sonny’s Blues

✹ EDITH WHARTON, Roman Fever

2 NARRATION AND POINT OF VIEW

EDGAR ALLAN POE, The Cask of AmontilladoERNEST HEMINGWAY, Hills Like White ElephantsLORRIE MOORE, How

3 CHARACTER

EUDORA WELTY, Why I Live at the P.O.HERMAN MELVILLE, Bartleby, the ScrivenerDORIS LESSING, Our Friend Judith

4 SETTING

✹ ANDREA BARRETT, The Littoral ZoneAMY TAN, A Pair of TicketsANTON CHEKHOV, The Lady with the Dog

5 SYMBOL

NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE, Young Goodman BrownFRANZ KAFKA, A Hunger ArtistANN BEATTIE, Janus

✹ EDWIDGE DANTICAT, A Wall of Fire Rising

6 THEME

ANGELA CARTER, A Souvenir of JapanBHARATI MUKHERJEE, The Management of GriefJHUMPA LAHIRI, Interpreter of Maladies

7 THE WHOLE TEXT

JOSEPH CONRAD, The Secret SharerLOUISE ERDRICH, Love MedicineSTEPHEN CRANE, The Open Boat

✹ new to the Shorter Ninth Editionfeatured on the audio CDfeatured on the Web site

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Exploring Contexts

8 THE AUTHOR’S WORK AS CONTEXT: FLANNERY O’CONNOR

A Good Man Is Hard to Find The Lame Shall Enter FirstEverything That Rises Must ConvergePassages from Essays and Letters

9 LITERARY KIND AS CONTEXT: INITIATION STORIES

TONI CADE BAMBARA, Gorilla, My LoveALICE MUNRO, Boys and GirlsJAMES JOYCE, Araby

✹ MICHAEL CHABON, The Lost World

10 FORM AS CONTEXT: THE SHORT SHORT STORY

KATE CHOPIN, The Story of an HourGABRIEL GARCÍA MÁRQUEZ, A Very Old Man with Enormous WingsJAMAICA KINCAID, GirlYASUNARI KAWABATA, The Grasshopper and the Bell CricketWILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS, The Use of ForceURSULA K. LE GUIN, She Unnames Them

11 CRITICAL CONTEXTS: A FICTION CASEBOOK

WILLIAM FAULKNER, A Rose for EmilyLAWRENCE R. RODGERS, “We all said, ‘She will kill herself’”: The Narrator/Detective in

William Faulkner’s “A Rose for Emily”GEORGE L. DILLON, Styles of ReadingJUDITH FETTERLEY, A Rose for “A Rose for Emily”GENE M. MOORE, Of Time and Its Mathematical Progression: Problems of Chronology

in Faulkner’s “A Rose for Emily” STUDENT PAPER: “One of us”: Concepts of the Private and the Public in WilliamFaulkner’s “A Rose for Emily”

READING MORE FICTION

AMBROSE BIERCE, An Occurrence at Owl Creek BridgeCHARLOTTE PERKINS GILMAN, The Yellow Wallpaper D. H. LAWRENCE, Odour of CrysanthemumsKATHERINE ANNE PORTER, Flowering JudasJORGE LUIS BORGES, The Garden of Forking Paths

✹ MARGARET ATWOOD, Scarlet Ibis✹ HA JIN, In Broad Daylight✹ SALMAN RUSHDIE, The Prophet’s Hair

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES: FICTION WRITERS

PoetryPoetry: Reading, Responding, Writing

READING

ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING, How Do I Love Thee?JAROLD RAMSEY, The Tally StickLINDA PASTAN, love poem

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EZRA POUND, The River-Merchant’s Wife: A Letter✹ LIZ ROSENBERG, Married Love

RESPONDING

BEN JONSON, On My First SonHOWARD NEMEROV, The VacuumSEAMUS HEANEY, Mid-Term BreakRITA DOVE, Fifth Grade AutobiographyANNE SEXTON, The Fury of Overshoes

WRITING ABOUT POEMS

PRACTICING READING: SOME POEMS ON LOVE

W. H. AUDEN, [Stop all the clocks, cut off the telephone]ANNE BRADSTREET, To My Dear and Loving HusbandWILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, [Let me not to the marriage of true minds]

✹ SHARON OLDS, Last Night ✹ APHRA BEHN, On Her Loving Two Equally

DENISE LEVERTOV, Wedding RingMARY, LADY CHUDLEIGH, To the LadiesW. B. YEATS, A Last Confession

STUDENT WRITING: Response Paper on W. H. Auden’s “Stop all the clocks, cut offthe telephone”

Understanding the Text

12 TONE

MARGE PIERCY, Barbie DollW. D. SNODGRASS, Leaving the MotelTHOM GUNN, In Time of PlagueETHERIDGE KNIGHT, Hard Rock Returns to Prison from the

Hospital for the Criminal InsaneWILLIAM BLAKE, LondonMAXINE KUMIN, WoodchucksADRIENNE RICH, Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers

MANY TONES: POEMS ABOUT FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS

GALWAY KINNELL, After Making Love We Hear FootstepsEMILY GROSHOLZ, EdenLI-YOUNG LEE, PersimmonsROBERT HAYDEN, Those Winter Sundays

✹ DANIEL TOBIN, The Clock AGHA SHAHID ALI, Postcard from Kashmir

✹ PAT MORA, ElenaKELLY CHERRY, Alzheimer’s

✹ ANDREW HUDGINS, Begotten✹ SIMON ORTIZ, My Father’s Song

13 SPEAKER: WHOSE VOICE DO WE HEAR?

THOMAS HARDY, The Ruined MaidX. J. KENNEDY, In a Prominent Bar in Secaucus One DayMARGARET ATWOOD, Death of a Young Son by DrowningROBERT BROWNING, Soliloquy of the Spanish Cloister

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TESS GALLAGHER, Sudden JourneyDOROTHY PARKER, A Certain LadyWILLIAM WORDSWORTH, She Dwelt among the Untrodden WaysAUDRE LORDE, Hanging FireSIR THOMAS WYATT, They Flee from Me

✹ ROBERT BURNS, To a Louse✹ PAT MORA, La Migra

EDNA ST. VINCENT MILLAY, [I being born a woman]✹[Women have loved before]

GWENDOLYN BROOKS, We Real CoolWALT WHITMAN, [I celebrate myself, and sing myself]

14 SITUATION AND SETTING: WHAT HAPPENS? WHERE? WHEN?

JAMES DICKEY, Cherrylog RoadJOHN DONNE, The FleaRITA DOVE, DaystarLINDA PASTAN, To a Daughter Leaving HomeJOHN MILTON, On the Late Massacre in PiedmontSYLVIA PLATH, Point ShirleyMATTHEW ARNOLD, Dover Beach

SITUATIONS

EMILY BRONTË, The Night-WindANDREW MARVELL, To His Coy MistressMARILYN CHIN, Summer LoveVIRGINIA HAMILTON ADAIR, Peeling an Orange

TIMES

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, [Full many a glorious morning have I seen]JOHN DONNE, The Good-MorrowSYLVIA PLATH, Morning Song

✹ BILLY COLLINS, MorningJONATHAN SWIFT, A Description of the Morning

PLACES

JOHN BETJEMAN, In Westminster AbbeyDEREK WALCOTT, MidsummerTHOM GUNN, A Map of the City

✹ EARLE BIRNEY, Irapuato

15 LANGUAGE

PRECISION AND AMBIGUITY

SARAH CLEGHORN, [The golf links lie so near the mill] ANNE FINCH, COUNTESS OF WINCHELSEA, There’s No To-MorrowCHARLES BERNSTEIN, Of Time and the LineYVOR WINTERS, At the San Francisco AirportWALTER DE LA MARE, Slim Cunning HandsPAT MORA, Gentle CommunionEMILY DICKINSON, [After great pain, a formal feeling comes–]THEODORE ROETHKE, My Papa’s WaltzSHARON OLDS, Sex without Love

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MARTHA COLLINS, LiesEMILY DICKINSON, [I dwell in Possibility–]

WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS, The Red WheelbarrowThis Is Just to Say

GERARD MANLEY HOPKINS, Pied BeautyE. E. CUMMINGS, [in Just-]BEN JONSON, Still to Be NeatROBERT HERRICK, Delight in Disorder

PICTURING: THE LANGUAGES OF DESCRIPTION

✹ OSCAR WILDE, Symphony in YellowRICHARD WILBUR, The Beautiful Changes

✹ TED HUGHES, To Paint a Water LilyANDREW MARVELL, On a Drop of Dew

METAPHOR AND SIMILE

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, [That time of year thou mayst in me behold]LINDA PASTAN, MarksDAVID WAGONER, My Father’s GardenROBERT BURNS, A Red, Red RoseADRIENNE RICH, Two Songs

1. [Sex, as they harshly call it]2. [That “old last act”!]

✹ WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, [Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?]ANONYMOUS, The Twenty-third Psalm

✹ HENRY KING, Sic VitaJOHN DONNE, [Batter my heart, three-personed God; for You]

The ComputationThe Canonization

DAVID FERRY, At the HospitalRANDALL JARRELL, The Death of the Ball Turret GunnerFRANCIS WILLIAM BOURDILLON, The Night Has a Thousand Eyes

✹ MARGARET CAVENDISH, Of the Theme of LoveEMILY DICKINSON, [Wild Nights–Wild Nights!]

SYMBOL

SHARON OLDS, Leningrad Cemetery, Winter of 1941JAMES DICKEY, The LeapEDMUND WALLER, SongD. H. LAWRENCE, I Am Like a RoseDOROTHY PARKER, One Perfect RoseWILLIAM BLAKE, The Sick RoseROBERT FROST, Fireflies in the GardenADRIENNE RICH, Diving into the WreckROO BORSON, After a Death

16 THE SOUNDS OF POETRY

HELEN CHASIN, The Word PlumMONA VAN DUYN, What the Motorcycle SaidKENNETH FEARING, DirgeALEXANDER POPE, Sound and SenseSAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE, Metrical FeetWENDY COPE, Emily Dickinson

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✹ ANONYMOUS, There was a young girl from St. PaulSIR JOHN SUCKLING, SongJOHN DRYDEN, To the Memory of Mr. OldhamEDGAR ALLAN POE, The RavenWILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, [Like as the waves make towards the pebbled shore]JAMES MERRILL, Watching the DanceGERARD MANLEY HOPKINS, Spring and FallEMILY DICKINSON, [A narrow Fellow in the Grass]

WORDS AND MUSIC

THOMAS CAMPION, When to Her Lute Corinna Sings ✹ AUGUSTUS TOPLADY, A Prayer Living and Dying

ROBERT HAYDEN, Homage to the Empress of the Blues MICHAEL HARPER, Dear John, Dear ColtraneWILLIE PERDOMO, 123rd Street Rap

17 INTERNAL STRUCTURE

EDWIN ARLINGTON ROBINSON, Mr. Flood’s PartyHOWARD NEMEROV, The Goose FishPHILIP LARKIN, Church GoingPAT MORA, SonrisasSHARON OLDS, The VictimsANONYMOUS, Sir Patrick SpensWILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS, The DanceEMILY DICKINSON, [The Wind begun to knead the Grass–]WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, [Th’expense of spirit in a waste of shame]

✹ CATHY SONG, Heaven✹ STEPHEN DUNN, Poetry

PERCY BYSSHE SHELLEY, Ode to the West WindW. H. AUDEN, In Memory of W. B. Yeats

18 EXTERNAL FORM

THE SONNET

WILLIAM WORDSWORTH, Nuns Fret NotHENRY CONSTABLE, [My lady’s presence makes the roses red]

✹ DANTE GABRIEL ROSSETTI, A Sonnet Is a Moment’s MonumentJOHN KEATS, On the Sonnet GWENDOLYN BROOKS, First Fight. Then Fiddle.ROBERT FROST, Range-FindingWILLIAM WORDSWORTH, London, 1802JOHN MILTON, [When I consider how my light is spent]

✹ ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING, [When our two souls]CHRISTINA ROSSETTI, In an Artist’s StudioEDNA ST. VINCENT MILLAY, [What lips my lips have kissed]

✹ GWEN HARWOOD, In the Park✹ WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, [My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun]

HELEN CHASIN, Joy Sonnet in a Random Universe✹ BILLY COLLINS, Sonnet

STANZA FORMS

DYLAN THOMAS, Do Not Go Gentle into That Good NightMARIANNE MOORE, Poetry

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ELIZABETH BISHOP, SestinaARCHIBALD MacLEISH, Ars Poetica

THE WAY A POEM LOOKS

E. E. CUMMINGS, [l(a][Buffalo Bill’s]

FRANKLIN P. ADAMS, Composed in the Composing RoomE. E. CUMMINGS,STEVIE SMITH, The Jungle HusbandGEORGE HERBERT, Easter Wings

✹ ROGER McGOUGH, Here I AmEARLE BIRNEY, Anglosaxon StreetDAVID FERRY, Evening News

19 THE WHOLE TEXT

ELIZABETH JENNINGS, DelayANONYMOUS, Western WindROBERT HERRICK, Upon Julia’s ClothesW. H. AUDEN, Musée des Beaux ArtsGEORGE HERBERT, The CollarROBERT FROST, DesignEMILY DICKINSON, [My Life had stood–a Loaded Gun–]BEN JONSON, Epitaph on Elizabeth, L.H.

Exploring Contexts

20 READING POETRY IN CONTEXT

JAMES A. EMANUEL, Emmett Till THOMAS HARDY, Channel Firing SANDRA GILBERT, Ladies’ Home Journal

TIMES, PLACES, AND EVENTS

MILLER WILLIAMS, Thinking about Bill, Dead of AIDSIRVING LAYTON, From Colony to NationLANGSTON HUGHES, Harlem (A Dream Deferred)ROBERT HAYDEN, Frederick DouglassFELICIA DOROTHEA HEMANS, CasabiancaELIZABETH BISHOP, CasabiancaWILFRED OWEN, Dulce et Decorum EstDUDLEY RANDALL, Ballad of Birmingham

CONSTRUCTING IDENTITY, EXPLORING GENDER

ELIZABETH BISHOP, Exchanging HatsMARIE HOWE, PracticingRICHARD LOVELACE, Song: To Lucasta, Going to the WarsROBERT BROWNING, My Last DuchessELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING, To George Sand [A Desire]

To George Sand [A Recognition]LADY MARY WORTLEY MONTAGU, Written the First Year I Was Marry’dMARGE PIERCY, What’s That Smell in the Kitchen?PAULETTE JILES, Paper MatchesAMY LOWELL, The Lonely WifeLIZ ROSENBERG, The Silence of WomenTHOM GUNN, A Blank

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21 THE AUTHOR’S WORK AS CONTEXT: JOHN KEATS AND ADRIENNE RICH

JOHN KEATS, On First Looking into Chapman’s HomerOn the Grasshopper and the Cricket

✹ On Seeing the Elgin Marbles✹ Sonnet to Sleep

FROM Endymion (Book 1)Ode to a NightingaleOde on a Grecian UrnTo AutumnPassages from Letters and the Preface to Endymion

ADRIENNE RICH, At a Bach ConcertStorm WarningsSnapshots of a Daughter-in-LawPlanetariumFor the Record[My mouth hovers across your breasts]HistoryModottiPassages from Interviews and Personal Reflections

22 LITERARY TRADITION AS CONTEXT

ECHO AND ALLUSION

BEN JONSON, [Come, my Celia, let us prove]WILLIAM BLAKE, The LambHOWARD NEMEROV, Boom!MARIANNE MOORE, Love in America?ROBERT HOLLANDER, You Too? Me Too–Why Not? Soda PopWILLIAM SHAKESPEARE, [Not marble, nor the gilded monuments]

POETIC “KINDS”

CHRISTOPHER MARLOWE, The Passionate Shepherd to His Love

HAIKU

CHIYOJO, [Whether astringent]BASHO, [A village without bells–]

[This road–]BUSON, [Coolness–]

[Listening to the moon]SEIFU, [The faces of dolls]LAFCADIO HEARN, [Old pond–]CLARA A. WALSH, [An old-time pond, from off whose shadowed depth]EARL MINER, [The still old pond] ALLEN GINSBERG, [The old pond]BABETTE DEUTSCH, [The falling flower]ETHERIDGE KNIGHT, [Eastern guard tower]RICHARD WRIGHT, [In the falling snow]JAMES A. EMANUEL, Ray Charles

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IMITATING AND ANSWERING

SIR WALTER RALEGH, The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd WILLIAM CARLOS WILLIAMS, Raleigh Was RightE. E. CUMMINGS, [(ponder,darling,these busted statues]ALLEN GINSBERG, A Further Proposal KENNETH KOCH, Variations on a Theme by William Carlos WilliamsDESMOND SKIRROW, Ode on a Grecian Urn Summarized

CULTURAL BELIEF AND TRADITION

JOHN HOLLANDER, Adam’s TaskSUSAN DONNELLY, Eve Names the AnimalsMIRIAM WADDINGTON, Ulysses EmbroideredALFRED, LORD TENNYSON, The KrakenPHYLLIS WHEATLEY, On Being Brought from Africa to AmericaJUNE JORDAN, Something Like a Sonnet for Phillis Miracle WheatleyMAYA ANGELOU, AfricaDEREK WALCOTT, A Far Cry from AfricaALBERTO ALVARO RÍOS, Advice to a First CousinLOUISE ERDRICH, Jacklight

✹23 CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT: THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE

✹ ARNA BONTEMPS, A Black Man Talks of Reaping COUNTEE CULLEN, Yet Do I Marvel ✹ Saturday’s Child✹ Harlem Wine

✹ ANGELINA GRIMKE, The Black Finger✹ Tenebris

✹ LANGSTON HUGHES, The Weary Blues The Negro Speaks of RiversI, Too

✹ HELENE JOHNSON, Sonnet to a Negro in HarlemCLAUDE McKAY

✹The Harlem Dancer The White House

✹ Harlem Shadows ✹ If We Must Die✹ The Tropics in New York

✹ JAMES WELDON JOHNSON, FROM The Book of American Negro Poetry✹ ALAIN LOCKE, FROM The New Negro✹ RUDOLPH FISHER, The Caucasian Storms Harlem✹ W. E. B. DUBOIS, Two Novels✹ ZORA NEALE HURSTON, How It Feels to Be Colored Me✹ LANGSTON HUGHES, FROM The Big Sea

24 CRITICAL CONTEXTS: A POETRY CASEBOOK

SYLVIA PLATH, DaddyGEORGE STEINER, Dying Is an ArtIRVING HOWE, The Plath Celebration: A Partial DissentA. ALVAREZ, Sylvia PlathJUDITH KROLL, Rituals of Exorcism: “Daddy”MARY LYNN BROE, FROM Protean PoeticMARGARET HOMANS, FROM A Feminine TraditionPAMELA J. ANNAS, FROM A Disturbance in MirrorsSTEVEN GOULD AXELROD, Jealous Gods

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READING MORE POETRY

WILLIAM BLAKE, The TygerSAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE, Kubla KhanEMILY DICKINSON, [I stepped from Plank to Plank]

[Because I could not stop for Death–][We do not play on Graves–] [The Brain–is wider than the Sky–][She dealt her pretty words like Blades–]

JOHN DONNE, [Death, be not proud, though some have calléd thee]The Sun RisingSongA Valediction: Forbidding Mourning

PAUL LAURENCE DUNBAR, SympathyWe Wear the Mask

T. S. ELIOT, Journey of the MagiROBERT FROST, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening

The Road Not TakenTHOMAS GRAY, Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard

✹ ROBERT HAYDEN, The Whipping✹ SEAMUS HEANEY, Digging

GERARD MANLEY HOPKINS, God’s GrandeurThe Windhover

GALWAY KINNELL, Blackberry EatingROBERT LOWELL, Skunk HourANDREW MARVELL, The GardenSYLVIA PLATH, Barren Woman

Lady LazarusEZRA POUND, In a Station of the Metro

A VirginalJOHN CROWE RANSOM, Bells for John Whiteside’s DaughterWALLACE STEVENS, The Emperor of Ice-Cream

Anecdote of the JarSunday Morning

ALFRED, LORD TENNYSON, Tears, Idle Tears✹Tithonus

UlyssesDYLAN THOMAS, Fern HillWALT WHITMAN, Facing West from California’s Shores

I Hear America SingingA Noiseless Patient Spider

RICHARD WILBUR, Love Calls Us to the Things of This WorldWILLIAM WORDSWORTH, Lines Written a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey

✹ C. K. WILLIAMS, Alzheimer’s: The Wife W. B. YEATS, Easter 1916

The Lake Isle of InnisfreeThe Second ComingLeda and the SwanSailing to ByzantiumAmong School ChildrenByzantium

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES: POETS

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DramaDrama: Reading, Responding, Writing

SUSAN GLASPELL, Trifles✹ TOM STOPPARD, The Real Inspector Hound

Understanding the Text

25 ELEMENTS OF DRAMA

AUGUST WILSON, The Piano Lesson ANTON CHEKHOV, The Cherry OrchardTENNESSEE WILLIAMS, A Streetcar Named Desire

Exploring Contexts

26 THE AUTHOR’S WORK AS CONTEXT: WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

A Midsummer Night’s DreamHamlet

27 CRITICAL CONTEXTS: A DRAMA CASEBOOK

SOPHOCLES, AntigoneRICHARD C. JEBB, FROM The Antigone of SophoclesMAURICE BOWRA, FROM Sophoclean TragedyBERNARD KNOX, Introduction to Sophocles: Three Theban PlaysMARTHA C. NUSSBAUM, FROM The Fragility of Goodness:

Luck and Ethics in Greek Tragedy and PhilosophyREBECCA W. BUSHNELL, FROM Prophesying Tragedy:

Sign and Voice in Sophocles’ Theban PlaysMARY WHITLOCK BLUNDELL, FROM Helping Friends and

Harming Enemies: A Study in Sophocles and Greek Ethics

READING MORE DRAMA

SOPHOCLES, Oedipus the KingARTHUR MILLER, Death of a SalesmanHENRIK IBSEN, A Doll HouseLORRAINE HANSBERRY, A Raisin in the Sun

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES: PLAYWRIGHTS

Writing About Literature

28 PARAPHRASE, SUMMARY, DESCRIPTION

29 THE ELEMENTS OF THE ESSAY

30 THE WRITING PROCESS

31 THE RESEARCH ESSAY

32 QUOTATION, CITATION, DOCUMENTATION

33 SAMPLE RESEARCH PAPER: Richard Gibson, “Keeping the Sabbath Separately:Emily Dickinson’s Rebellious Faith”

✹ CRITICAL APPROACHES

GLOSSARY

INDEX OF AUTHORS

INDEX OF TITLES AND FIRST LINES

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Resources for StudentsStudent Web Site: LitWeb

wwnorton.com/introlitThis online companion to The Norton Introduction to Literature encourages students tothink through their responses to literature in three stages: articulating a personalresponse, rereading creatively and analytically, and researching contextual and scholarlyresources on the Web in order to enrich their own interpretive work. Features include:

• In-Depth Literary Workshops—Featuring 50 works from the text, these exercisesguide students through the reading, rereading, and contextual exploration of awork. Author biographies and a set of related links are included.

• Glossary, containing over 200 literary terms.

• Glossary Flashcards allow students to assess their knowledge of literary terms.

• Writing about Literature, a valuable resource from The Norton Introduction toLiterature, included online in its entirety.

• Self-Grading Multiple-Choice Quizzes on the elements of literature.

• Access to Norton Poets Online (nortonpoets.com), which features interviews withover 60 contemporary poets, dozens of audio recordings of poets reading theirwork, essays, online poetry workshops, and an e-mail newsletter.

• Access to Norton Literature Online (wwnorton.com/literature), the most robustoffering of literary resources on the Web, edited for undergraduate readers.

Audio Companion

This 2-CD companion to The Norton Introduction to Literature is free of charge with everycopy of the Ninth Edition. The Audio Companion is a collection of readings, comprisedof 28 poems, 4 short stories, and selections from 3 plays, including Eudora Welty readingWhy I Live at the P.O., Garrison Keillor reading poems by Christopher Marlowe and EmilyDickinson, Lee J. Cobb as Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman, as well as many otherauthors reading their own works, including Maya Angelou and Dylan Thomas.

Resources for InstructorsInstructor’s Manual

BARBARA BIRD, St. Petersburg College • KELLY HAGER, Simmons College • LINDA YAKLE, St.Petersburg College • KELLY J. MAYS, University of Nevada, Las Vegas • 0-393-92748-2 • PAPER

This thorough guide offers discussions of nearly all the works in the anthology as well asadvice for instructors who teach writing through literature.

Norton Resource Library: wwnorton.com/nrl

Additional instructor’s resources are available online at the Norton Resource Library.

Teaching Poetry: A Handbook of Exercises for Large and Small Classes

ALLAN J. GEDALOF, University of Western Ontario • 0-393-92582-X • PAPER • 75 PAGES

Informed by Professor Gedalof ’s considerable poetry-teaching experience, this practicalhandbook offers a wide variety of innovative in-class exercises designed to enliven class-room discussion. Each of these flexible teaching exercises includes straightforward, step-by-step guidelines and suggestions for variation. Free to adopters.

EditorsALISON BOOTH is Professor of English at the University of Virginia. Her research interestsfocus on Victorian literature and feminist theory and criticism, and her teaching atVirginia has ranged from “The Nineteenth-Century British Novel” to “Utopias andScience Fiction.” She is the author of Greatness Engendered: George Eliot and Virginia Woolfand editor of Famous Last Words: Changes in Gender and Narrative Closure.

J. PAUL HUNTER is Professor of English at the University of Virginia. His research focuseson eighteenth-century British literature, and his teaching and administrative interestshave ranged widely. He is the author of several books, including Before Novels: The CulturalContexts of Eighteenth-Century English Fiction (Norton).

KELLY J. MAYS is Assistant Professor of English at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Herresearch interests focus on nineteenth-century British literature and culture, postcolonialtheory and literature, and pedagogical theory and practice. She frequently teaches the“Writing about Literature” course at UNLV and prior to joining UNLV taught at NewMexico State University and in Harvard’s expository writing program.

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