Chapter 22 Beauty, Science, and Spirit In Italian Art The High Renaissance and Mannerism.
The Northern Renaissance -...
Transcript of The Northern Renaissance -...
The Northern Renaissance
Northern Humanism
• Also known as Christian Humanism
• Tied to the Protestant Reformation
• Shared some of the aesthetic values of the HighRenaissance: idealism, rationalism, love for Classicalliterature
• Unlike Italy – preoccupied with condition of churchand wider Christian world
• Approached faith in simple terms
Faith• Any Christian with a pure
and humble heart can pray directly to God
• This creed is the same as Christ’s scriptural message (as learned through reading vernacular Bible)
• Harbored hostility toward Italian interference in local religious affairs
• Wished to restore church to its original purpose by imitating early church (free from corrupt leaders)
Northern Renaissance• Marked by
competing styles• Affected by
religious upheavals
• Gothic forms and mysticism
• Italy’s High renaissance
• Mannerism
William Shakespeare
• Tragedy and comedy became part of popular culture
• Secular and commercial theater emerged• Prior – Christian scholars condemned the
stage for wicked displaysand seductive delights
• Morality plays• Under Queen Elizabeth I
many dramatists appear
More About Shakespeare
• 1564-1616• Born in Stratford-upon-Avon• 1590
– plays performed• 1610
– retired early– successful
• 37 dramas
Northern Renaissance Painting
• Emerged during an era of cultural crisis• Late Gothic style of Flemish school losing
its appeal• Many artists attracted to Italian art• Influence of Protestant Reformation• Individual tastes and styles become
important• Secular subject acceptable
Albrecht Durer
• Engraver and painter• Paintings brought him
recognition and wealth in his day
• Self portraits• Engravings constitute
greatest artistic legacy
House by a Pond
Putti Dancing and Making Music
Self-Portraitat 26
A Young
Hare
Adam
and
Eve
Portrait of Erasmus
at 49
Charcoal on Paper
Knight, Death
and the Devil
Portrait of a Clergyman
The Four Holy Men
Matthias Grunewald
• His paintings represent a continuation of the Late Gothic style
• Emotionalism
Hieronymus Bosch
• Treated common religious subjects in bizarre and fantastic ways
• Precise detail• Works contain ambiguous, cynical, moral
messages• So original he stands outside any formal
historical period
Pieter Bruegel the Elder
• Characteristic of changes in northern European art in the mid 1500’s
• Lived after deaths of Durer and Grunewald• Protestant iconoclasm – less religious art• His subjects – landscapes, country
scenes, folk narratives, peasant life• Secular art
Counter-Reformation
Spanish Painting
El Greco