The New Government

pages 165-169

George Washington leading the troops during the American Revolution

George Washington

George Washington

George Washington

Mount Rushmore

George Washington

George Washington

Washington Monument

George Washington

I know…

George Washington

I know… I learned…

The New GovernmentPages 165-169

1. Who were the new leaders in the executive branch?

President- George Washington Vice-president- Secretary of State- Secretary of the Treasury- Secretary of War- Attorney General-

2. What difference between Jefferson and Hamilton is mentioned?

3. What precedents were established during Washington’s administration? (List 3)

4. What challenges did Washington’s administration face?

5. Which city was the capital during Washington’s first year? To where was it moved for a decade?

6. Where is Washington, D.C. located?

Washington, D.C.

The Problem of Debtpages 200-202

In 1791, the national debt was about $75 million.

$12 million was owed to France and Holland from the Revolutionary War

$40 million was owed to citizens from the purchase of bonds

$25 million was owed to the states from the war

Alexander Hamilton needed a plan

Hamilton’s ideasThe national government would assume the debts of

the states.

(Northern states had a bigger debt, so Southern states did not support the idea. A deal was made to locate the capital in the South.)

Congress created a tariff, a tax on imported goods.

Congress passed a tax on distilled liquors, the whiskey tax.

Congress established a Bank of the United States in 1791.

Rise of Political PartiesFederalists Republicans

Rise of Political PartiesFederalists

HamiltonStrong central governmentLoose constructionistsFor a national bankWanted to keep debt to

establish creditmoney=wealthOpposed supporting the

French Revolution

Republicans

Jefferson and Madison

Weak central government

Strict constructionists

Against a national bank

Wanted debt paid off

land=wealth

Wanted to support the French Revolution

Foreign Policy Issues

Washington decided to remain neutral in European affairs, including the French Revolution.

Britain had been our enemy, but Washington decided to send Jay over to negotiate a treaty. Congress ratified it.

• The British would leave their forts in the Northwest Territory (OH, MI, IN, IL, WI, MN)

• Trade was encouraged between the two nations.

Warnings to the country in Washington’s Farewell Address (page 205)

1. Political parties would divide and harm the country.

2. U.S. should have a policy of neutrality with other countries.

3. Sectionalism would divide the country(Sections of the country, referring

to the north, south and west, disagreed over different issues.)

Values of the United StatesRank each value in order of importance (1-10)

___ COMPETITIVENESS

___ COOPERATION

___ DEMOCRACY

___ EQUALITY

___ FREEDOM

___ HUMAN RIGHTS

___ JUSTICE

___ SELF-RELIANCE

___ STABILITY

___ TOLERANCE

COMPETITIVENESS

• The act of striving with or against others to achieve a goal

COOPERATION

• Working together; helping each other

DEMOCRACY

• The people run the country

EQUALITY

• All people are treated alike

FREEDOM

• The right of enjoying all privileges

HUMAN RIGHTS

• The basic freedoms of all human beings like life, liberty and freedom of thought

and expression.

JUSTICE

• Fair treatment and due process of law

SELF-RELIANCE

• Dependent on self for support, help and supply

STABILITY

• Not subject to change; remaining steady

TOLERANCE

• Respect for the beliefs and practices of others

The most important value to me is ______ because…

John Adams

I know…

I learned…

The Next Administrations after Washington

Trouble with France under Adams• Define XYZ Affair

Making the Government Stronger• Define Alien and Sedition Acts

• Alien Act- Changed requirements for citizenship from 5 years to 14 years

• Alien Act- Any alien seen as dangerous could be deported• Sedition Act- Republican newspapers were criticizing the

Federalist government. Among the Republicans were recent immigrants

(Jefferson, Madison and the Republicans believed the Sedition Act violated the Constitution)

• Define Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

Election of 1800page 211

In 1800, the presidential candidates were ____ and ____. The Federalist candidate was _____ and the Republican candidate was _____. There was a tie in the electoral college between ____ and ____. ____ was not a candidate for president; he was running to be ____. The decision about the election had to be decided by _____. ____ became the third president of the United States with ____as vice-president. The ____ Amendment was added to the Constitution as a result of the elections of 1796 and 1800.

Thomas Jefferson

I know…

I learned…

Jefferson Memorial

Jefferson’s Agendapage 213

• Reducing government

• Defining the role of the courts

• Expanding into the West

• Dealing with England and France

Reducing Governmentpage 213

• Reduced taxes paid by the people

• Cut the size of the federal bureaucracy

• Army was slashed to just over 3,000 men

Defining the role of the courtspage 214

• Judiciary Act of 1801- number of Supreme Court justices decreased and number of federal judges increased giving Adams the chance to appoint Federalist judges before leaving office.

• One of the “midnight judges” was John Marshall as Chief Justice.

• Marbury v. Madison established judicial review which was not clearly stated in the Constitution.

Expanding into the Westpage 215

• The country extended as far west as the Mississippi River in 1800.

• Jefferson sent James Monroe to France in 1803 to buy the city of New Orleans for no more than $10 million.

• A successful slave rebellion led by Toussaint L’Ouverture in the French colony of Haiti convinced Napoleon, the leader of France, to sell the entire Louisiana Territory for $15 million.

• Lewis and Clark were commissioned by Jefferson to explore the newly purchased land.

Trail of Lewis and Clark

                                                      

Dealing with England and Francepage 217

• American ships were being harassed by the French and British for trading with the other.

• American sailors were being kidnapped by the British to serve in their navy.

• USS Chesapeake was attacked.• Embargo Act of 1807- almost all trade

with foreign countries was outlawed. Americans hated it.

The Duel(page 217)

In 1804, ____ ran to be the governor of New York. Instead of running as a _____, he ran as a Federalist. A leading Federalist, _____, opposed his try to be governor. The two men had had disagreements in the past. ____ challenged ____ to a duel and _______won.

Native American Resistancepage 60 in workbook

If the statement is true, write it.

If the statement is false, change it to a true statement.

The War of 1812pages 224-229

1. Why did the U.S. declare war against Britain? (Name two causes.)

2. Two men in the U.S. Army later became president. Who were they?

3. Where was the War of 1812 fought?4. Who was president when Washington, D.C. was

burned by the British?5. What do the words of “The Star Spangled

Banner” describe? 6. What was decided by the Treaty of Ghent?7. Why did the Battle of New Orleans continue

after the signing of the treaty?