The New Deal

The New Deal• How did the

federal government’s role in the life of average Americans radically change under Roosevelt’s New Deal?

• 100 days- 1st 100 days of FDR’s term– TONS!!!! Of laws passed

• Fireside chat-– FDR radio talks with American people

• Pump- priming– Gov’t needs to spend to get economic “engine” going

• Deficit spending– Gov’t borrows $$$$- dealing with crisis is more

important than….. DEBT

BROAD GOALS OF THE NEW DEAL:

• RELIEF– “band aids” to stop the bleeding– Food, clothing, shelter, unemployment

• RECOVERY– Antidote/ medicine to treat immediate “disease”– Short term laws passed

• REFORM– “immunizations” to prevent disease from returning– Permanent changes to the role of the government

FERA (Federal Emergency Relief Association) line in New Orleans 1935

FERA (Federal Emergency Relief Association)

Problem it addresses/ who does it help?

Goal/ Purpose

Impact/ Effectiveness

½- direct aid to needy½- to states

for work programs

Direct relief to needy

Fund jobs for unemployed

$500,000,000 in direct relief

CCC: Civilian Conservation Corps

CCC: Civilian Conservation CorpsProblem it addresses/

Who does it help?

Goal/ Purpose


Unemployed young men

Work building roads, parks,

trees, soil erosion projects

3,000,000 young men get jobs

Families sent moneyTrees Prevent another

Dust Bowl

PWA (Public Works Administration)

PWA (Public Works Administration)

Problem it addresses/ Who does it help?

Goal/ Purpose


Help statesUnemployed

Get men jobs building

schools, other public

buildings

Some jobs created

(WPA) Works Progress Administration

(WPA) Works Progress Administration

Problem it addresses/ Who does it help?

Goal/ Purpose


Unemployed people

Create as many jobs as possible quickly

Employ professionals, artists, etc.

$11,000,000,000 spent 8,000,000 jobs created

(850 airports 651,000 miles of road

125,000 public buildings) (professional historians, artists, actors given work on projects)

FHA- Federal Housing Administration

FHA (Federal Housing Administration)

People losing

homes to foreclosure

loan money to people to save

homes

Still exists today to help low income home

owners

AAA- Agricultural Adjustment Act

AAA- Agricultural Adjustment Act

farmers Raise crop prices by lowering production

Pays farmers to NOT grow crops

Destroy lots of food

Helps farmers

National Recovery Administration (NRA)

National Recovery Administration (NRA)

Stop cycle of wage cuts,

prices falling

Get businesses to voluntarily join

Gov’t sets prices, production numbers

Not very successfulVery controversial- against capitalism

Tennessee Valley Authority(TVA)

Tennessee Valley Authority(TVA)

Poor region in

southUnemplo

yment

Dam Tennessee

RiverFlood control- electricity for

Southeast

1000s of jobsHelps poor

area of country

Glass-Steagal Act: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

(FDIC)

Glass-Steagal Act: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

(FDIC)

Bank failures

and bank runs

Protect peoples

money in banks

Still around today- savings are insured by

the Federal Gov’t to $100,000

Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC)

Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC)

Corruption in the stock

market

Eliminate dishonest

practices in Stock Market

(insider trading)

SEC still regulates Stock Market today

Social Security Act (SSA)

Social Security Act (SSA)

Assisting elderly, those

unable to work

Retirees get a pension fundPeople with

disabilities get $$

Unemployment compensation

65+ eligible for SS today

Biggest part of federal budget

Wagner Act: NLRB

Wagner Act:National Labor Relations Board

(NLRB)

Protect unions right to collective bargaining

Defines unfair business practices

NLRB set up to be sure Wagner Act is enforced and settle

disputes

***First time federal Government

supports unions

Please take out your graphic organizers on “CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION”

• USING YOUR CHART, TRY TO FIND (AT LEAST) ONE NEW DEAL PROGRAM THAT ADDRESSES EACH PROBLEM…

New Deal Posters

• Your poster should:– Identify the New Deal Program– Its purpose/ goal should be apparent– This is propaganda- it should persuade people to

support the New Deal Program• Be prepared to briefly explain:– The purpose of the program– The problem it addresses– Whom it helps– Is it designed for Relief, Recovery, and/or reform

Review: How did the New Deal programs attempt to address the causes and hardships of the Great Depression? Come up with

programs or actions FDR took for the following….

NEW

DEAL

High unemployment

Bank failures

Overproduction of crops

Overproduction of industr

y

Home foreclosures

Corruption in the Stock Market

Why might the New Deal be controversial? What do you think critics would complain about?

Bad or Good

• Increased power of gov’t• EXPENSIVE!!• Taxes!• Threatens liberty and

private property (TVA)• Deficit spending- gov’t

spends $ does not have- big national debt

• http://www.usdebtclock.org/

• Did not end the Great Depression

• Got us through Grt Dp– Bank crisis– Farmers protected– Work for millions

• Gov’t responsible for citizens’ welfare– Social Security

• Democracy survived!– Other nations turned

to dictators

http://www.usdebtclock.org/

Analyze your cartoon

• Labels/ Symbols- why that symbol?• Exaggeration- why?• Analogy- is a complicated issue being compared to

a more familiar one?– How are they similar?

• Irony– Are things not as they should be?

• What do you think the cartoonist was trying to say?

Labels/ Symbols- why that symbol?Exaggeration- why?

Analogy- is a complicated issue being compared to a more familiar one? How are they similar?Irony- Are things not as they should be?

What is the cartoonist’s point?

According to this cartoon, what is the New Deal leading to? Why do you think the cartoonist feels this way? How does the Constitution protect citizens from “tyranny”?




What branch is not cooperating?

What power is the Supreme Court using?

REORGANIZATION PROGRAM

THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH OF THE GOVERNMENT




How would FDR’s “Court Packing Plan”Change the balance of power in the government?




Why do you thinkCongress did not passFDR’s Court Packing plan?

Checks and Balances in action

• Power used by Supreme Court to “check” FDR:

• Power FDR tried to use to “check” Supreme Court?

• Power(s) Congress used to “check” FDR’s power grab?

• Why is Obama compared to FDR so much?• http://www.cnn.com/2012/03/28/politics/scotus-health-care/index.html

• What is potentially standing in the way of Obama’s health care plan that was put into law?

http://www.cnn.com/2012/03/28/politics/scotus-health-care/index.html

Regents questions:

• Key result of ND: The federal government has responsibility for well being of Americans

• Hoover v. Roosevelt- ideas on role of government in the economy

• Wagner Act/ NLRB- power to labor unions to form/ collective bargaining

• Sup Ct. vs. Roosevelt: increased power of pres/ programs unconstitutional/ “court packing plan”

Essay question: Describe how New Deal programs addressed each of the 3 goals of the New Deal

• different program/ law for each goal• paragraph each• Describe the problem and solution in detail for full credit

• Relief- immediate help for those struggling

• Recovery- changing the economic system to fix the problems and have long term recovery

• Reform- permanent changes in the involvement of the government in the economy and lives of Americans

The New Deal

Documents

Transcript of The New Deal