The Neuropsychology of Music Different levels of inquiry into the neuropsychology of music The...

The Neuropsychology of Music

• Different levels of inquiry into the neuropsychology of music

• The analysis of normal and abnormal psychological and physiological functions to determine the principles and modes by which the human brain processes, codifies, stores, and produces music.

• A description of the clinical deficits in music perception or performance resulting from localized or diffuse damage to the nervous system.

Music, Language, and Brain

Characteristics of mental modules

Fodor (1983, 2001)

Mental modules have:

• Rapidity of operation

• Automaticity

• Domain specificity

• Information encapsulation

• Neural specificity

• Innateness


Case Reports of Selective Impairment in Auditory Recognition of Words, Tunes,

and Other Sounds

Peretz & Coltheart (2003)

Reports Auditory Domains

Tunes Words Other Sounds

C.N. & G. L. - + + (voices)

I.R. - + +

H.V. - + +

11 cases of - + + (voices)

cogenital amusia

1 case + - +

1 case + - +

N.S. + - +


Syntactic Structure in Language and Music

Patel (2003)

Syntactically good chord sequence:

Syntactically odd chord sequence:


Syntactic Structure in Language and Music

Patel (2003)


Neural Evidence for Syntactic Overlap in Language and Music

Patel et al. (1998)

Brain Organization in Music

Parts of the Brain

CEREBRAL CORTEX:Four Lobes

CEREBELLUM BRAIN STEM

Frontal Lobe:Initiation Problem solving JudgmentInhibition of behaviorPlanningAnticipation Self-monitoring Motor planning Personality EmotionsMotivationAwareness of abilitiesOrganization Attention Concentration Mental flexibility Speaking

Parietal Lobe:Sense of touch Seeing differences in size, shape, color Spatial perception Visual perceptionTemporal Lobe:MemoryHearing Understanding languageOrganization Sequencing Music AwarenessOccipital Lobe:Vision

BalanceCoordinationSkilled motor activity

Relay StationConsciousnessAlertnessBreathingHeart RateBasic body functions


Heschl’s Gyrus (HG) in a Normal Brain

(Johnsrude et al., 2000)


Patient’s Brain showing HG Lesions



Pitch Discrimination Findings



Schematic Diagram of the

Missing Fundamental


Missing Fundamental Stimuli

Patel & Balaban (2001)


Brain Activation to Tonally

Modulating Melodies

Janata et al. (2002)


Tonally Modulating Chord Sequences

Koelsch et al. (2003)


Brain Activation to Chord Sequences



Brain Activation to Chord Sequences

At Position 3



Melodic Expectation

Granot & Donchin (2002)


Melodic Expectation, con’t

Granot & Donchin (2002)


Harmonic Priming

Bharucha & Stoeckig (1987)

Related Context

Unrelated Context


Brain imaging and harmonic priming

Tillman, Janata, & Bharucha (2003)


Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and Harmonic Priming

Regnault, Bigand & Besson (2001)


Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and Harmonic Priming, con’t

Regnault, Bigand & Besson (2001)


Neural Representation of

Rhythmic Sequences

Sakai et al. (1999)



Rhythmic Sequences, con’t

Sakai et al. (1999)

Behavioral Data

Average Reproduced Rhythms:

1 : 2 : 3 1 : 2.02 : 3.18

1 : 3 : 4 1 : 2.06 : 4.04

1 : 2.5 : 3.5 1 : 3.33 : 3.69



Rhythmic Sequences, con’t

Sakai et al. (1999)

fMRI Data

The Neuropsychology of Music Different levels of inquiry into the neuropsychology of music The...

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