The NeTS Program Networking Research at NSFnsrc.cse.psu.edu/slides/evans.pdf · The NeTS Program...
-
Upload
vuongkhuong -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of The NeTS Program Networking Research at NSFnsrc.cse.psu.edu/slides/evans.pdf · The NeTS Program...
The NeTS Program–
Networking Research at NSFDr. Joseph B. Evans
Program DirectorComputer and Network Systems
Computer & Information Science & EngineeringNational Science Foundation
Networking Research Center Industry Day 2004Penn State University
21 April 2004State College, Pennsylvania
Context for NeTS
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 3
NeTS Goals
More Impact from Our ResearchMore Impact from Our Research
Better Service to CommunityBetter Service to Community
CISE Reorganization
New Program
Improved Practices
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 4
CISE Reorganization Goals• Realign divisions for coherence • Cluster similar programs
– Increase productivity and efficiency for investigators and program officers
– Increase grant size and duration– Sharpen focus and increase agility
• Develop themes for cross-cutting initiatives• Integrate education and research• Broaden participation• Build on success of ITR
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 5
CISE Organization
Office of the Assistant Director
Division of Computing andCommunication
Foundations (CCF)
Abdali
Anger
Division of Computer
and Network Systems (CNS)
Andrews
Fisher
Division of Information and
Intelligent Systems (IIS)
Pazzani
Bainbridge
Division of Shared CyberInfrastructure
(SCI)
Kim
Munoz
FreemanCrawford
Themes
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 6
CISE Organization
Office of the Assistant Director
Division of Computing andCommunication
Foundations (CCF)
Division of Computer
and Network Systems (CNS)
Division of Information and
Intelligent Systems (IIS)
Division of Shared CyberInfrastructure
(SCI)
FreemanCrawford
Network Systems
Computer Systems
ComputingResearch
Infrastructure
Clusters
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 7
Network Systems Cluster• People
– Program Directors• Joe Evans, Admela Jukan, and Guru Parulkar
– Others• Darleen Fisher, Ty Znati (part-time)
• Current activities– New NeTS program within the cluster– Networks Cluster Themes
• Cyber Trust
NeTS Program
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 9
NeTS Elements• Three elements (this time)
– Broadly Defined Networking Research– Focus Area 1: Programmable Wireless Networks– Focus Area 2: Networking of Sensor Systems
• A well-coordinated “realignment” of networking to– Sharpen focus and increase topical agility– Increase impact– Increase efficiency, e.g. grant size and duration– Improve service to investigator– Increase efficiency for program officers
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 10
NeTS Program ElementsPast Networking Programs
Communications
Embedd
ed S
ystem
s,
Distrib
uted S
ystem
s
Cyber TrustBroadly Defined
Networking Research
Networking ofSensor Systems
ProgrammableWireless Networks
NeTS Broadly DefinedNetworking Research
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 12
Topics in Broadly Defined Area • Network and Protocol Architectures• Fundamental Understanding and Design• Network Control and Management• Innovative Networking Technologies• Extensible Networks• Strategic Research for the Internet
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 13
Broad Area Research Context
• Too many projects– Focused on Internet but do not meet basic requirements for success
• Hardly any projects on new paradigms and next generation
Internet Research
Next Generation Networks
• Need compelling evidence for the target problems• Solutions must
– Be integrated into existing protocol stack and systems– Not break something else
• Clean slate design• Wide scale deployment in ten years• Make appropriate assumptions about
technologies, applications, etc.
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 14
Next Generation Networking
Ubiquity
Autonomicity
EvolvabilityScalability
Trustworthy
Technologies
Optical Wireless SoC
SensorsControllers
Capabilities
Approaches
Theory
Systems
Testbeds
New Paradigms
•New
Architecture•
Radical Innovation
•Strategic Evolution
NeTS Focus Area
Networking of Sensor Systems
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 16
Networking of Sensor Systems
New Machines
New Environments New Applications
New Scale Billion to trillion devices!
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 17
The Technology Gap
applications
service
protocol
system
architecture
data mgmt
technology
MEMSsensing Power
Comm. uRobotsactuateProc
Store
Networking of SES
Monitoring & Managing Spaces and Things
Miniature, low-power connections to the physical world
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 18
NoSS Approach
FoundationsResearch
ExperimentalSystems
ReusableSystems &
Science
DeployedInfrastructureApplications
CommercialSolutions
Focus of This Program
Close Coupling Required
Without this progress willslow down significantly
Programmable Manageable Durable Secured Networks of SES to Enable
Seamless Physical Webs
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 19
Expected Results• Foundations research
– Theoretical, algorithms and systems• Systems
– Several platforms; OS and protocols stacks; networked programming environments
• Many local testbeds with applications• Education and training
– Graduate/undergraduate courses with experimental projects
– Many graduate students with hands-on experience• Identifiable distinct community
– Members coming from sensors, embedded hardware, OS, networking, middleware, applications
NeTS Focus Area
Programmable Wireless Networks
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 21
Recent Wireless Themes
Advances in radio system engineering – flexible radios are
just becoming available
Recognition that spectrum iswoefully under-utilized
Proposals to dramaticallyre-architect the modes &
mechanisms for using radiofrequencies
End-user interest in mobileaccess to information
Requirements of nationaldefense & homeland security
Applications Policy
Technology
Opportunity - Wireless Networks That Exploit Flexibility
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 22
State of Wireless Networking• Wireless systems today
– Inflexible, wasteful static spectrum allocations
– Fixed radio functions– Limited network and systems
coordination• Implications
– Proliferation of standards, such as Wi-Fi/802.11, Bluetooth, 3G, 4G, CDMA, GSM
– Encourages stovepipe architectures and services
– Discourages innovation and growth
Source: FCC
Source: Linksys
Source: Cisco
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 23
Critical Problems• Interference in
unlicensed bands• Underutilization in
many other bands
Source: B. Becker
Source: M. McHenry
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 24
Evolution of Wireless SystemsReceive
Transmit
Capture radio waves
Generate radio waves
Extract informationfrom radio waves
Implant informationinto radio waves
Present informationto user
Accept informationfrom user
Circa1900
Today’sSystems
AnalogProcessing
Circuits
Digital SignalProcessingSoftwareD
igiti
zer
Vacuum TubeAnalog Processing Circuits
Derived from version byR. Sternowski
TomorrowA
nalo
gP
roce
ssin
gC
ircui
ts Digital Signal Processing
SoftwareDig
itize
r
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 25
Advances in Radios• Software radio attributes and capabilities
– Wide operational frequency supports novel use of multiple bands– Multiple waveforms in a single hardware unit provides interoperability
• Impact– Dynamic spectrum management helps prevent interference– Adaptable to local & current situation; flexible frequency use provides
opportunities for quality of service– Rapid deployment and service creation– Enables new network architectures through flexible & dynamic connectivity
• Systems and networking issues remain unexplored and unexploited!
Microphone
Video
Fax
Data
Narrowband A/D-D/A
(Optional IntegralSource Coding)
N-/RT Software
ProgrammableProcessor(s)?
Tightly Integrated Host Hardware
Antenna WidebandA/D-D/A?
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 26
Programmable Wireless Networks• Route messages through network and
interoperate with larger Internet• Dynamically and cooperatively manage
spectrum resources• Self-organize with rapid
initial configuration• Provide for mobility• Support variety of network services• Use adaptation to assure quality of service• Support multiple users & domains
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 27
Research Area Evolution
FoundationsResearch
ExperimentalSystems
ReusableSystems &
Science
DeployedInfrastructureApplications
CommercialSolutions
Close coupling required
Required for accelerated
progress
Research Focus
Programmable Wireless
Networking
Architectures, algorithms, & protocols for auto-configuration, topology, routing, management
Programmable wireless systems with radio & software capabilities
for research in networking, management, and control
Programmable wireless systems that provide improved and more efficient connectivity & services
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 28
Programmable Wireless Focus
Dynamic spectrum management architectures and techniques
Topology discovery, optimization and network self-configuration –“Spectrum Coordinated Networks” or SCN
Interaction between routing, topology, and administration
Architectures that are secure & robust, with quality of service and policy enforcement
How to choose among possible topologies, and evaluate novel network architectures
Which approaches for diverse applications, communication modes, security & policy domains
Research Area NeedsChanges
Source: H. Rajan
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 29
Spectrum Resources• The spectrum resource
space consists of– Frequency – the radio
frequencies used to carry a signal
– Time – the time duration a signal is transmitted
– Space – the volume over which the signal transmission is effectively communicated or causes interference
– Signal format – the manner in which information is encoded on the radio frequency signal
RF resources illustrating a few signals in time, frequency, and space
Freq
uenc
yTime
Space
TDMA
CDMA
TV
FM
Source: G. Minden
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 30
Dynamic Spectrum Management• Architectures
– Broker-based and/or sensing-based
• Issues– Implementing policies– Secure and robust– Quality of service– “Contract”
enforcement• Evaluation and
innovation needed
Obtaining Frequencies for Programmable Wireless via Broker
Obtaining Frequencies for Programmable Radio via Sensing
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 31
Towards Flexible Topologies• Flexible topologies enabled by multiple
simultaneous frequencies to multiple adjacent nodes– Novel network architectures possible– Significant service and performance improvements
possible, including enhanced reliability and immunity – Need to determine how to choose among possible
topologies, and evaluate network architectures
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 32
Routing and Administration• Flexibility creates substantial administration and security
challenges– Already have very hard problems to solve in traditional networks,
and flexibility makes these worse– Which associations are appropriate and trusted?
• Policy & its implementation will be critical– BGP currently the only multi-domain option, with static policies
tuned to particular peerings– Needs to be more automatic & dynamic
• Example - separate public safety,cellular, hot-spot networks– How do they talk?– Under what circumstances?– With what permissions?– At what layer – IP, upper
and lower layers?
Public Safety
Hot-Spot
Cellular
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 33
Some Desirable Radio Attributes• Flexible in RF carrier frequency (~0 - 6 GHz)• Flexible in bandwidth (several 10’s MHz)• Flexible in waveform
– A/D and D/A driven, generated/processed by programmable DSP and/or FPGAs• Dials to observe
– Traffic characteristics measured at network layer
– Error rate & characteristics (BER and distribution)
• MAC layer per packet error information
• Network and transport layer per flow correlations
– Receive characteristics• Physical layer – signal strength,
interfering signals, background noise
• MAC layer – transmit power, antenna in use
• Knobs to influence– Physical layer
• Frequency & bandwidth• Transmit power• Beam width & direction• Data rate, code, & chipping rate
– MAC protocol• FEC strength• Retransmit scheme• MTU size• Encryption & parameters
– Network layer• Routing protocol• Addressing plan(s)• ACLs
• Interface framework needed to allow interoperation, with a flexible, usable set of scalable parameters
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 34
Impact of Programmable Wireless Networks
• Vastly improved connectivity– Remote areas → use more
power and better frequencies where utilization relatively low
– Urban areas → provide more capacity where utilization is relatively high
• More opportunities for networking devices such as sensors and controllers by providing capacity & adaptability
• More efficient use of a shared national resource
NeTS Logistics
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 36
Classes of Proposals • Individual investigator and small group
awards – up to three years and average about $150,000 per investigator per year
• Large group awards – up to four years and request up to $1,000,000 per year
• Facilities awards – up to three years and average about $500,000 per year
• Workshops, planning grants, exploratory grants, etc. – contact Program Director
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 37
Help from the Community• Send your best ideas to NSF
– Consistent with focus & goals of the program– We want high risk / high reward proposals
• Suggest and encourage good panelists who can do justice to the proposals and our focus
• Volunteer to be a reviewer and panelist
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 38
Contacts & Further Information
www.cise.nsf.gov/prowin/Joseph Evans ([email protected])
Admela Jukan([email protected])
www.cise.nsf.gov/noss/Guru Parulkar ([email protected])
www.cise.nsf.gov
Broadly Defined Networking Research
Networking ofSensor Systems
ProgrammableWireless Networks
NeTS Status Update
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 40
Final Remarks• Now is a time of excitement for networks
and networking systems – CISE reorganization has resulted in more
sustained support of networking research
• Networking cluster is committed to – “Making a difference”– Serving research community and supporting
visionary and far-reaching research
17 May 2004 NeTS Program 41
The NeTS Program–
Networking Research at NSF