The Nervous System 1 - bpumsmed.bpums.ac.ir/UploadedFiles/CourseFiles/The_Nervous_System_1… · 31...

The Nervous System 1The Nervous System 1

The Central nervous System

The Peripheral nervous Systemp y

Dr. AlmasiAutumn 1388

• The Central nervous SystemThe Central nervous SystemBrainSpinal cordSpinal cord

Th P i h l S• The Peripheral nervous System31 pairs of spinal nerves12 pairs of cranial nervesAutonomic part


Type of NervesType of Nerves

• Sensory or Afferent nervesSensory or Afferent nerves• Motor or Efferent nerves

Mi d• Mixed nerves


S i (C )• Somatic (Common) senses: from skinpain, touch, heat, coldp , , ,

• Proprioceptive senses: from muscle and j i tjoints

Maintenence of balance and posture

• Special senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste

A t i ff t i l d• Autonomic afferents: internal organs and tissues associated with regulation of activity and i l i


visceral pain

• Motor nerves originate from:B iBrainSpinal cordAutonomic ganglia• Motor nerves involve in:Voluntary and reflex skeletal muscle contractionInvoluntary (autonomic) smooth muscleInvoluntary (autonomic) smooth muscle

contraction and glandular secretion


Mixed nervesMixed nerves


NeurogliaNeuroglia

• AstrocytesAstrocytes• Oligodendrocytes (CNS)

S h C ll (PNS)• Schwann Cells (PNS) • Microglia


Membranes covering the Brain and dSpinal cord

• Dura mater• Dura materSubdural space pEpidural / extradural (Spinal cord)• Arachnoid materSubarachnoid spaceSubarachnoid space• Pia materDr. Almasi

Autumn 1388

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