THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .

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THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology

Transcript of THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .

Page 1: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .

THE NATURE OF SCIENCE

Biology

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Biology and Youhttps://youtu.be/PzwTxVncWrI

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STANDARDSOF

MEASUREMENThttps://youtu.be/-FUPU9lo7s0

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Prefix Symbol Factor Number Factor Word

Kilo k 1,000 Thousand

Hecto h 100 Hundred

Deca da 10 Ten

Deci d 0.1 Tenth

Centi c 0.01 Hundredth

Milli m 0.001 Thousandth

Base

METRIC SYSTEM

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Volume?Liter (L)milliter (mL)

gram (g)kilogram (kg)milligram (mg)

Mass?

Distance?meter (m)kilometer (km)centimeter (cm)millimeter (mm)

Base Units

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English System Metric System

1 inch1 foot

2.5 cm0.3048 meter

1 mile 1.6 kilometer

1 cup1 quart4 quarts (1 gal)

0.24 liters0.95 liter3.8 liters

1 ounce1 pound

28 grams0.5 kilogram

Distance

Volume

Mass

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k h da BASE d c m

King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk

1. 20 km = ____ meters

Decimal moves: k h da m = 3 times to the right

= 20,000 m

2. 200 mg = ______ grams

gram d c m = 3 times to the left

= 0.2 g

Examples:

Metric Conversionskilo hecto deca(da) BASE deci centi milli

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Practice ConversionsFun Sheet

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Unit = Celsius

Freeze 0oCBoil 100oCBody 37oCRoom Temp 20-25oC

Temperature =

32o C212oC

98.6oC70-80oC

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EQUIPMENT

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EQUIPMENT

MassTriple Beam BalanceUnit?

DistanceMeter StickMetric RulerUnit?

VolumeGraduated CylinderBeakerErlenmeyer FlaskUnit?

MicroscopeGlass SlideCover Slip

RandomTest TubeTest Tube ClampPetri DishPipetteSyringeScalpelForceps

TemperatureThermometer (Celsius)Hot PlateUnit?

TimeStop WatchUnit?

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LABORATORY SAFETY

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Chemical Safety

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Fire Safety

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Safety Symbols

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THESCIENTIFIC

METHODhttps://youtu.be/k2MhMsLn9B0 https://youtu.be/_7sSuhQ1_24

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Scientific Method 6 Steps:

1. Identify the problem/ Form a question

3. Hypothesis

4. Controlled Experiment

4.

2. Observations

5. Record and Analyze Data

6. Conclusion

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Maggots “appear” on Meat

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1. Problem/Question:

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2. OBSERVATIONS: (relevant to question)

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3. HYPOTHESIS: (educated guess) Has to be testable

“If.., then…” statement

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4. EXPERIMENT- Controlled Experiment = only one variable

is changed.- Variable = factors that can change.

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PROCEDURE

Controlled Variables:

Manipulated Variables:“Independent Variable”

Uncovered jars Covered jars

Several days pass

Maggots appear No maggots appearResponding Variable: “Dependent Variable”

Keep the same

Change intentionally

Changes due to IV

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5. RECORD and ANALYZE DATA:- Quantitative = numbers by measuring or counting

(Chart/Graph)- Qualitative = description (chart)

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6. CONCLUSION:

“The Hypothesis was correct. Maggots form only when flies come in contact with meat.”

-Hypothesis correct/incorrect-Statement of results- Errors and Improvements

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Several days pass

Maggots appear No maggots appear

Scientific Method

1. Question

2. Observe

3. Hypothesis

4. Experiment

5. Data

6. Conclusion

If IV, then DV

“Controlled”Variables

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Publish experimentalresults in a ScientificJournal.

repetitionand validity

Allows?

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Theory = A well tested explanation that unifiesa broad range of observations

Other Theories?

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Law =A natural phenomenon that has been proven to occur invariably whenever certain conditions are met.

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GRAPHINGhttps://youtu.be/zNCIDCr3HCw

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= a visual display of information or data

Graph?

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Line Graph

Bar Graph

Circle/Pie Graph

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Independent Variable

“X-axis”Horizontal Axis =

“Y-axis”

Vertical Axis =

Dependent Variable

???

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Which factory had the least amount of defective Cars?How many did this factory have?

B

17 per 1000 cars

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Between what 2 point of mileage does a car’s value decrease the most?How much value does a car’s value depreciate over this period?

20,000- 40,000

$4,000

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CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFEAND

THEMES OF BIOLOGYhttps://youtu.be/juxLuo-sH6M

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Characteristics of Life• Order• Reproduction• Growth and Development• Energy Utilization• Response to the Environment• Homeostasis• Evolutionary Adaptation

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Order Reproduction Growth and Development

Response to Environment Homeostasis

Energy Utilization

Evolutionary Adaptation

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THEMES OF BIOLOGY

1. Cell structure and Function

2. Reproduction

3. Metabolism

4. Homeostasis

5. Heredity

6. Evolution

7. Interdependence

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1. Cell structure and Function2. Reproduction

3. Metabolism

4. Homeostasis5. Heredity6. Evolution7. Interdependence

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Carcharodon carcharias

4. Homeostasis

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6. Evolution

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1. Cell structure and Function

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3000 teeth

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3. Metabolism

7. Interdependence

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2. Reproduction

5. Heredity

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Chap. 1: Biology in the 21st Century

Graphing-X and Y axes-IV and DV-Bar and Line Graphs

Chapter 1-The Study of life-Unifying Themes of Biology-Scientific Thinking and Processes -Biologists Tools and Technology-Biology and the Future

Metric System-Base units (length, volume, mass)-Prefixes-Metric Conversions

Equipment-Names-Use

Safety-Chemical, Fire, Electrical

Labs-Measurement-Lab Equipment

Scientific Method-Purpose-Steps-Variables

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Vocabulary ListBiosphere homeostasis measurementBiodiversity evolution accuracySpecies adaptation precisionBiology observation microscopeScience data geneOrganism hypothesis molecular geneticsCell experiment genomicsMetabolism independent variableDNA dependent variableSystem constant biotechnologyEcosystem theory transgenics

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END

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To convert Celsius to Fahrenheit

ExampleTo convert 90o C F

F = (1.8 X 90) + 32F = 162 + 32F = 19490o C = 194o F

F = (1.8 x C) + 32

To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius

ExampleTo convert 82o F C

C = (F - 32) / 1.8

C = (82 - 32) / 1.8C = 50 / 1.8C = 27.882o F = 27.8o C

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