The National Institutes of Science and Technology Título da … · Título da Apresentação...
Transcript of The National Institutes of Science and Technology Título da … · Título da Apresentação...
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Título da ApresentaçãoSubtítulo loren ipsum dolor sit amet loren
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The National Institutes of Science and Technology
José Oswaldo Siqueira
Director of Agricultural, Biological and Health Sciences
National Council for Scientific and Technological Development
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Ministry of S&TNational Council S&T - CCT
National Council S&T - CCT
CNPqNational
Council for Scientific and Technological Development
FINEPResearch
and Projects
Financing
CGEEStrategically Studies and
Management Center
CNENNational
Commission of Nuclear
Energy
AEBBrazilian
Space Agency
Executive Secretariat
SEPED SETEC SEPIN SECIS
Organization of the Higher Education, Science and Technology in Brazil
� To promote the progress of basic and applied science andcapacity building through nationwide competitive grants...
� 2010 budget: close to US$ 1.0 billion
� Handle 70,000 application per year
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Wide Range of Complementary Schemes
CNPq Scholarship GrantsAcademic Scholarships Technological Scholarships
Hig
h
Sch
ool
Und
er-
gra
du
ate
Gra
du
ate
Po
s-
Do
ctora
l
Scientific
Initiation Jr
Scientific
Initiation
MSc
PhD
In Country
Abroad
PDPD
AbroadRSD
ITI
DTI
RHAEDoctoral
Sandwich
� 90,000 scholarship awarded in 2010
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Grants
Nat
ion
al
Net
work
s
Reg
ion
al
Net
work
s
Pro
of
of
Pri
nci
ple
Millennium
Science
Initiative
PRONEX
Young
ResearchersUniversal
INCT´s
PPP PPSUS
Other
Networks
Research Grating SchemesSpecial Programs
� 23,000 research grants in course
Oth
ers
Variety of Special / Thematic Calls
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Brazil: Great potential for knowledge generation
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Knowledge Generation and Scientific Capacity in Brazil
� 67,000 PhD Researchers, most in the public sector
� 22,797 Research Groups registered at CNPq´s Lattes Platform
� 2,738 Graduate Programs in all fields (CAPES)
� 42,000 Certified Graduate Advisors
� 160,000 Enrolled Graduate Students
� Awarded Degrees 2009 :11,000 Doctorate & 35,000 Master
� 14,000 CNPq’s Research Productivity Fellowships
� 13th World Position in Indexed- Publications(Papers)
� 2.12% of the World Scientific Discourse (ISI Database)
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Profile of the Scientific Production Brazil
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BRAZIL´s BIGEST CHALLENGETo Establish Virtuous Cycle of Science & Development
B asic B asic B asic B asic &A pplied A pplied A pplied A pplied ScienceScienceScienceScience
C&T PolicyManagementInvestments
B usiness B usiness B usiness B usiness &D evelopm entD evelopm entD evelopm entD evelopm ent
Technology&
Innovation
B ig effortB ig effortB ig effortB ig effort Com petenceCom petenceCom petenceCom petence
Successful cases
Agriculture ,Bioenergy ,
Oil and Aircraft industry
““““Still V ery lim itedStill V ery lim itedStill V ery lim itedStill V ery lim ited””””Strategies of the Plan of Action for S,T&I�Expansion and Consolidation of S,T&I System;�To Promote Technological Innovation in Industry;� R&D and Innovation in Strategic Areas;� S,T&I to promote social development.
EconomicGrowth
Social Development
PAST&I
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CN
Pq
´s R
ese
arc
h C
om
petitiv
e G
ran
ting
Sch
em
e
Thematic Networks
Research Groups
Individual Researchers
Them
atic
Calls
Secto
rial F
oun
ds
Specia
l Calls
Secto
rial F
oun
ds
Univ
ers
al C
all
“Pro
of o
f Co
nce
pt”
Complexity, broadnessComplexity, broadnessComplexity, broadnessComplexity, broadnessFinancing, partnershipsFinancing, partnershipsFinancing, partnershipsFinancing, partnershipsProject StructureProject StructureProject StructureProject Structure
“T
he
Ultim
ate
Ins
trum
en
t of o
ur G
ran
ting
Sy
ste
m”
National Institu
tes
Millennium Institu
tes
Bro
ad P
artn
ers
hip
N
atio
nal N
etw
ork
Call
Natio
nw
ide In
duced
Netw
ork
s
Regional Networks
PR
ON
EX
Join
t-Ca
llsS
tate
Foundatio
ns
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NIST – National Institutes of Science and Technology
A novel strategy to promote scientific and technological development in Brazil
State Policy Co-financingPartnership
Articulation Collaboration Networking
NISTs
Government – Academy - Industry
- New standard for research funding and grants;
- High-quality differentiated research projects;
- Human resources qualification;
- Technology development and transfer;
- Strategic Public Policies for C,T&I;
- Science education and communication.
“The biggest S&T program ever implemented in Brazil”
Ministério daCiência e Tecnologia
Ministérioda Saúde
Ministério do Desenvolvimento,Indústria e Comércio Exterior
Ministério deMinas e Energia
Ministérioda Educação
Created by a federal act(no- 429/2008)
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Budgetary Composition ( US$ 378 millions )
National policy in synergy with regional and state-oriented agenda for ST&I
NIST – National Institutes of Science and Technology
FNDCTUS$ 115
State FoundationsUS$ 127
CAPES
CNPqUS$ 65
Health Ministry
BNDESPetrobras
US$ 71
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- Host institutions and associated groups to act in a convergent andcomplementary way to reach new standard of activities in S,T&I;
- The most competent, experienced and productive research groupsfrom universities, research institutes, non-government organizations and industry;
- Clearly defined mission, strategies, methodologies and objectives toaccomplish substantial advances in the frontier of science;
- Flexible and medium range funding (05 years) that can expanded to longer period according to progress and results;
- Shared-financing system and grants up to US$ 5,0 million forequipment, infra-structure, consumables and scholarships.
“Establishes a new paradigm for the Brazilian Science & Technology System”
NIST –Ambitious target and strategic goals
inspired in millennium institutes
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- Expansion and consolidation of the national competence in S,T&I;
- Mobilization and integration of the highest qualified groups to conductresearch in strategic areas for competitiveness and sustainabledevelopment;
- Enhancement of national collaboration and promotion of continuousinternalization of Brazilian S & T;
- Stimulation of R&D in relevant and competitive areas and
technological innovation for the Brazilian industry
- Encouragement of integration of academy-industry in areas coveredby the Brazilian System of Technology – SIBRATEC;
- Facilitation of multi-institutional research networking and flexiblefinancing system.
NIST – National Institutes of Science and Technology
Expected Results
“Materialization of research networking endowment”
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Final Decision
Final Decision
123INCT
Approved
123INCT
Approved
Advisory Board CNPq ContractsContracts
Announcement, Review Processes and Granting Decision
AdvisoryBoard
ProgramDocument
ProgramDocument
Call for Proposal
Call for Proposal
OpportunityAnnounced
-Spontaneous
- Strategic areas
CNPq 261application
261application
InternationalReviewers
InternationalReviewers
EvaluationAnd
Reports
EvaluationAnd
Reports
ExpertCommittee
Evaluation and
Ranking
Evaluation and
Ranking
StateFoundations
New Evaluation and
Ranking
New Evaluation and
Ranking
Executive
Directorate
Recommendationand Review
Recommendationand Review
ProposalQualification
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Distribution of Applications by Major Fields
NIST – National Institutes of Science and Technology
Submitted proposals mobilized 11,200 researchers and 600 institutions
27%
19%
18%
13%
13%
10%
Health Exact & Earth Engineering
Agriculture Biol. & Biotechnol. Human & Social
69
4947
35
35
25
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24%
19%
16%
15%
14%
7%5%
Health Engineering Biol./Biod./Biotech.
Exact./Earth Agric./Amazon/Semi-Arid Hum./Social
Environ./Energy
Distribution of Approved Projects by Major Scientific Fields (123)
NIST – National Institutes of Science and Technology
29
23
20
18
17
09 06
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NIST – National Institutes of Science and Technology
123 NISTs
North 9
Northeastern 18
Central-Western 4
South 15
Southeastern 77
Sixteen out 25 states host NIST (64%)
Uneven geographical distribution , but several excellence
centers were installed in less developed regions
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NIST – National Institutes of Science and Technology
South (12%):
- Engineering, Nanotechnology, Physics, Chemistry,
Pharmacy, Botany, Ecology, Public Health, Food, Computer
Sci, and Energy
Northeastern (15%):
- Engineering, Nanotechnology, Physics,
Chemistry, Pharmacy, Botany, Ecology,
Public Health, Food Sci , Computer Sci, and
Energy
Central-Western (3%):
- Anthropology, Social
Inclusion, Geosciences and
Ecology
Southeastern (63%):
- Majority of Fields with emphasis on Hard Sciences,
Biology and Biotechnology, IT, Agriculture,
Engineering, Renewable Energy Resources, Natural
Resources and Biodiversity, and Human and Social
Sciences
North (7%):
- Fishery Resources,
Botany, Microbiology
Ecology, Land Uses,
Agronomy and Forestry,
Environmental Sciences,
Anthropology,
Geosciences and
Engineering
Thematic focus by regions
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- Renewable sources of energy and Bio-ethanol;
- Natural Resources, Biodiversity and Ecology;
- Computer Science, Information Technology, Photonics andBiotechnology;
- Tropical medicine , Neglected diseases,Drug development , Cancer, Obesity and Diabetes and Health care;
- Food, Water, Aagriculture and Aaquiculture;
- Major Fields of Engineering: Nuclear, Electric, Materials, Mechanics , Mining, Oil and Gas;
- Physics, Climate Sciences, Antarctic and EnvironmentalSciences;
- Metropolis, Violence, Drugs, Economics and Social Development.
NIST – National Institutes of Science and Technology
Institutes covering PAST&I top priorities were funded
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The National Institute for Climate Change
Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia
INPE
UNB
FIOCRUZ
Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
Ceará
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Minas Gerais
Espírito Santo
Goiás
Mato Grosso
Pará
Paraíba
Rio Grande do Norte
Santa Catarina
Sergipe
Acre
Mato Grosso do Sul
Paraná
Universidade Federal dePernambuco
Rondônia
CTA
USP Diretoria de Hidrografia e Navegação
UNICAMP
UFRJ
Laboratório Nacional de Computação Científica
Exemplo
NATIONWIDE INTEGRATION OF COMPETENCE : including 21 states
INPE-Space Res. Center
São Jose dos Campos
Coordinator:Carlos Afonso Nobre
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Coordinator:José Carlos Verle Rodrigues Universidade do Estado do Amazonas - UEA
NIST
Participants
NIST - Energy, Environment and Biodiversity
National and International Collaboration Networks
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Amazônia
Caatinga
Cerrado
MataAtlântica
Pampa
Pantanal
Brazil: Dimension, Wealth & Biomes
� 8.5 million km2� 8.5 million km2
� Population = 190 million� NGP = US$ 1.3 trillion
� 15-25% world´s biodiversity
São PauloRio de JaneiroRecifeBelo HorizonteBrasíliaManausSalvadorBelém
Brazil Population Distribution
Highly urbanized and the vast majority of our cities were unplanned
Big Cities & Big Problems
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NIST – National Institutes of Science and Technology focusing on urban problems
� Center for Metropolitan StudiesCenter for Metropolitan StudiesCenter for Metropolitan StudiesCenter for Metropolitan Studies :::: CoordCoordCoordCoord. . . . Nadya Nadya Nadya Nadya A. A. A. A. GuimarGuimarGuimarGuimarães es es es – CEBRAP CEBRAP CEBRAP CEBRAP ---- RJ RJ RJ RJ
� Metropolis Observatory:Metropolis Observatory:Metropolis Observatory:Metropolis Observatory: CoordCoordCoordCoord.... LuizLuizLuizLuiz C.Q. C.Q. C.Q. C.Q. Ribeiro Ribeiro Ribeiro Ribeiro – UFRJUFRJUFRJUFRJ
� Public Security, Justice and Process Administration:Public Security, Justice and Process Administration:Public Security, Justice and Process Administration:Public Security, Justice and Process Administration: CoordCoordCoordCoord. Roberto K. Lima . Roberto K. Lima . Roberto K. Lima . Roberto K. Lima – UFFUFFUFFUFF
� Public Policy in Alcohol and others Drugs:Public Policy in Alcohol and others Drugs:Public Policy in Alcohol and others Drugs:Public Policy in Alcohol and others Drugs: Ronaldo Ronaldo Ronaldo Ronaldo R. R. R. R. Laranjeira Laranjeira Laranjeira Laranjeira – UNIFESP UNIFESP UNIFESP UNIFESP – SPSPSPSP
� Violence, Democracy and Public SecurityViolence, Democracy and Public SecurityViolence, Democracy and Public SecurityViolence, Democracy and Public Security: CoordCoordCoordCoord. Sergio F. . Sergio F. . Sergio F. . Sergio F. Adorno Adorno Adorno Adorno de de de de Abreu Abreu Abreu Abreu – USPUSPUSPUSP
�Major Research Topics Covered:
Metropolization, social-spatial dimensions, urban governance, job market,
public policies, social networks, urban life and sociability, public security
and justice, social conflicts, social exclusion, drugs, health economics,
the state of right, human rights violations, police structure and
performance, violence and democracy,pollution and Planning
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Brazil´s urban population
(%of total)
Eight out of ten
living in cities
Urbanization is a Worldwide Phenomenon
Source: ONU
“Start with the Neolithic revolution (plant domestication) when agriculture societies were formed and gave rise to villages and URBANIZATION”
Bil
lio
n o
f P
eo
ple
Evolution of world rural and
urban population
(72%)
(34%)
(28%)
(66%)
Big
Threaten
“Planet Sustainability”
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AGRICULTURE
“Highly urbanized modern society are becoming more and more depend on
energy, agriculture and functional ecosystems”
NATURAL RESOURCES
ECOLOGY
Big Cities&
Suburbs
Housing
Water & Food Supply
Infra-StructureSewage
Energy
Pollution
EnvironmentalQuality
Wastes
LifeQuality
Transportation &Mobility
Education
Violence / Drugs
Poverty & Aging
Jobs / Income
Health &Diseases
AdministrationManagement
City EconomyLeisure and
Tourism
History andPreservation
““““Increasing challenge to Increasing challenge to Increasing challenge to Increasing challenge to science, technology and science, technology and science, technology and science, technology and intelligenceintelligenceintelligenceintelligence””””
Big Cities & Big Problems
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0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030ano
milhões d
e p
essoas
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
hecta
res p
er capita
população
área agricultável
PopulationAgricultural Land
World P
opu
lation,
Mill
ion
Land p
er
capita,
ha
Year Source: ONU
Water and Food will be the weapons of the future
Humanity´s Top Ten Problems for the Next 50 Years(R. Smalley, Nobel 2003)
Energy, Water, Food, Environment, Poverty (Hungry), Terrorism, Diseases, Education, Democracy, and Population Growth
- Food Production will
have to double in the
next three decades (+
1.4 billion people to
feed, mostly from poor
countries);
- Will have to attend
other demands:
energy, cellulose &
paper, fiber and
ecological services
(clean water).
FOOD SUPPLY is under high pressure
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Scientific Knowledge and Technology
To Feed a
Hungry World
AGRICULTURE:
99% of all foods
Important missionBig challenge
Will Malthus Continue to be Wrong?
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BRAZIL:The World Leader in Tropical Agriculture
In a Fragile Environment, but we handle with care
A Giant Business
With 3% of world population we harvest 10% of global food production
Trade surplus of U$ 60 billion
-U$ 300 billion
-37% of all jobs
-40% of exports
Top World Producer-Sugar Cane- Orange- Coffee- Beef- Soybean- Poultry- Corn- Fruits- Wood products
Export to180 countries
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Brazil Plays a Major Role as World Food Exporter
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16 million tons.40 million tons
Diverse Fruit and Vegetable Production SystemsThe third largest world producer : Potential to double
17 million tons
More than 100 varieties are cultivated
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Biomass and Bio-fuel Crops: Ethanol and Diesel20 billion liters of ethanol: potential to increase by 18 - fold
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Good Climate, Abundance of Land, Water Resources, Appropriate Technology and
Business Management
The largest world extension of land and water :
35% of all available land and
12% of the fresh water in the Planet Water
Land
Brazil has Natural Resources and Technology to Help Coping with the Demands of Urbanized Society
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The Biggest Native Forest Reserve in the World
Foley et al., 2005
Another 200 mi. ha suitable for cultivation
(Brazil has more than 500 mi. ha of native vegetation = 63% of its territory)
Only 7% are cultivated
with annual crops
ImmensePlant biodiversity
Great Bio-capacity to Expand Agricultural Production
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