LEONARDO DA VINCI, A BRILLIANT MIND

Daniela ChuekeLenin BerruetaStephanie PerryJuliana Bermudez YacamanTony GermanJamie AppeltJonathan RiosZachary UgartemendiaNatalie AquiliaDeondre GraysVincent Fazio

Leonardo di Ser Piero da VinciDate of Birth: April 15th, 1452 Place of Birth: Anchiano (near from Vinci)Date of Death: May 2nd, 1519 (67 Years old)

Place of Death: Cloux

The best example of the Renaissance man. His genius was manifested in a variety of fields such as drawing, painting, sculpture, engineering, anatomy, and some not so known as cooking, music or literature

INTRODUCTION• The illegitimate son of Ser Piero da Vinci and Catherina. • From childhood he showed a great ability for the arts. • It is known that he was a vegetarian for ethical reasons. • He was famous for his mirror writing.• (1466) He was was admitted to the workshop of Andrea del

Verrocchio. • (1476) He was accused of maintaining homosexual

relationships.• (1482-1499) He established his own workshop.• (1498) He moved to Mantua, then to Venice and finally to

Florence, where he worked for Cesare Borgia.• (1513-1516) He worked in Rome.• (1516) He worked for King Francis I until he died.

HIS 7 CREATIVE PRINCIPLES1. Curiosita

2. Dimostrazione

3. Sensazione

4. Sfumato

5. Arte/Scienza

6. Corporalita

7. Connessione

HISTORY OF INTELLIGENCESimply put, human intelligence is the intellectual capacity of humans as seen in the following mental phenomena.

Intelligence has been defined many ways throughout history, in terms such as:

• Capacity for logic• Abstract thought• Understanding,• Self-awareness• Communication• Learning• Emotional knowledge• Memory• Planning• Problem solving

Through our intelligence, humans possess the cognitive abilities to:

• Learn• Form concepts• Understand• Reason• Recognize patterns• Comprehend ideas• Plan• Problem solve• Use language to

communicate

PSYCHOMETRICSThe first psychometric instruments were designed to measure intelligence

1905 : Binet-Simon IQ test is developed by the French Psychologist Alfred Binet with the help of his research assistant, Theodore Simon

The field of study concerned with the theory and technique

of psychological measurement. Involves the objective measurement of skills, knowledge, abilities, attitudes, personality traits,

and educational measurementComposed of two major research tasks:I. The construction of instruments and

procedures for measurementII. The development and refinement of

theoretical approaches to measurement

INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT (IQ) An intelligence quotient, or IQ, is a score that comes from one of several standardized tests designed to show intelligence. Approximately 95 percent of the population scores an IQ between 70 and 130. IQ scores are used as predictors of educational achievement, special needs, job performance and income. Scores on IQ tests have been rising at an average rate of three IQ points per decade since the early 20th century. This is called the effect. There is a wide variety of IQ tests. Some tests are visual, some are verbal, some tests only use abstract-reasoning problems, and some tests concentrate on arithmetic, spatial imagery, reading, vocabulary, and memory or general knowledge. Despite the environmental effects on IQ, heritability still plays a bigger role in determining overall IQ. Genetics play an 80% factor in what you will score. factors can mean the loss or gain of a few points here or there, but it pales in comparison to what you're born with.

FUN FACTS

Contrary to popular belief, the higher your IQ, the more likely you're socially smart

Junk food diets for kids under three can lead to lower IQs

Breastfeeding can increase a child's IQ by three to eight points

Summer vacation can drop your IQ

People with a lower-than-average IQ (between 75 and 90) are more likely to drop out, go to jail and live in poverty

GARDNER’S THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES

As opposed to standard IQ tests, Howard Gardner came up with his own theory of measuring intelligence.

In 1983, Howard Gardener publishes Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Initially, there were six intelligences, which they have now developed into nine (and there may potentially be more).

Although most psychologists prefer Gardner's test, educational systems undergo class placement utilizing the Stanford-Binet IQ test.

Gardner opposes the idea of labeling learners to a specific intelligence. Each individual possesses a unique blend of all the intelligences. Gardner firmly maintains that his theory of multiple intelligences should "empower learners", not restrict them to one modality of learning.

LOGICAL-MATHEMATICAL

Leonardo had a grasp for higher mathematics but he did not know how to how to express it in the academic form of numbers we recognize in mathematics today. but even when leonardo learnt the language of mathematics he preferred computing through geographical shapes to calculate equations, which also enlisted his artistic abilities. leonardo’s main pursuit in mathematics remained the exploration of the world of proportionality and spatial mechanics.

Leonardo preferred drawing maths because pure maths inexplicable qualities of reality that are better replicated with a drawing. math is only a tool to produce an outcome but leonardo preferred drawing as his primary tool to execute his studies of proportionality and spatial awareness, which are used in his engineering designs. 

An academic scholar that leonardo studied traditional mathematics from and later worked with was Luca Pacioli whom Leonardo later contributed in producing a book with in the 1490’s. Leonardo created drawings of geometrical shapes that had a mathematical significance in engraved plate form, which were then to be used in printing presses. The work produced was published in 1509 call Divina Proportione.-Tony

MUSICAL He knew how to play the flute and the lyre, which was a stringed instrument well known for its use in Greek antiquity. And according to Historian Vasari who knew Da Vinci, said that “he sang divinely without any preparation.” We even have a few manuscripts that contain some original musical compositions that still exist today is believed that Da Vinci probably had written more music but it was never found.

There is little doubt that music played an influential role in the development of Da Vinci’s mind. Though Da Vinci is most known for being an exceptional painter, he acknowledged that music was only second to the supremacy of vision.

Leonardo wrote, “Music may be called the sister of painting, for she is dependent upon hearing, the sense which comes second…painting excels and ranks higher than music, because it does not fade away as soon as it is born…”

• When Da Vinci painted, he always sought musical accompaniment to stimulate his senses. He believed that when all his senses were awake, the mind could be better nourished and more productive. Probably all the masterpiece paintings that we all enjoy looking at were given birth with musical notes flying through the air.

• Listening (music, sounds, and silence) was second on his list of senses, and he wrote a lot about the importance of developing all the senses in harmony to achieve the highest levels of consciousness. According to Da Vinci, the two were indivisible and necessary to achieve understanding of the logic and beauty of the world.

• Music is a human need that cherishes beauty, and underneath that blanket of beauty, lie the details, the precision, the logic, and the code of organized sound. See more at: http://www.themusiconomy.com/da-vincis-code-of-music.html#sthash.jocYlcS9.dpuf

Other interesting facts

• In 1472, the Guild of St. Luke, a prestigious guild of artists and doctors of medicine, accepted Da Vinci as their master.

• Da Vinci and Michelangelo were contemporaries and arch rivals. They are recorded to have shared such a bitter relationship that they had even insulted each other in public.

• Leonardo Da Vinci took as long as ten years to paint Mona Lisa's lips.

• He was one of the first few Italian artists to have used oil paints for painting, instead of egg tempera.

• Apart from being a Renaissance polymath, Da Vinci was also one of the alleged grandmasters of the Priory of Sion, a secret society that was formulated for the protection of the race of Christ.

SPATIAL

What is it?

It is the ability to vividly imagine.

Your mind allows you to see things in steps.

How to identify it?·People with strong spatial intelligence are visual learners.·Spatial intelligence is more common in men than in women.·Usually a strong spatial intelligence works well arts and science

How to enhance your spatial intelligence?·Visualize·Create·Practice

LINGUISTIC

Leonardo's writings are mostly in mirror-image cursive. The reason may have been more a practical expediency than for reasons of secrecy as is often suggested. Since Leonardo wrote with his left hand, it is probable that it was easier for him to write from right to left.

His notes and drawings display an enormous range of interests and preoccupations, some as mundane as lists of groceries and people who owed him money and some as intriguing as designs for wings and shoes for walking on water.

These notebooks—originally loose papers of different types and sizes, distributed by friends after his death—have found their way into major collections such as the Royal Library at Windsor Castle, the Louvre, the Biblioteca Nacional de España, the Victoria and Albert Museum, the Biblioteca Ambrosiana in Milan which holds the twelve-volume Codex Atlanticus, and British Library in London which has put a selection from the Codex Arundel (BL Arundel MS 263) online.

The Codex Leicester is the only major scientific work of Leonardo's in private hands. It is owned by Bill Gates and is displayed once a year in different cities around the world.

Leonardo's notes appear to have been intended for publication because many of the sheets have a form and order that would facilitate this. In many cases a single topic, for example, the heart or the human fetus, is covered in detail in both words and pictures on a single sheet. Why they were not published within Leonardo's lifetime is unknown.

NATURALISTIC

·What is a Naturalistic view? ·Da Vinci’s interest in his work is what motivated him to enable his artistic abilities to shine. ·Da Vinci found painting to be absolutely beautiful when imitating nature in his works.·How did this benefit his works?

·Da Vinci drawing of Virgin and Child and With a Cat; expresses his fascination with the quality of the beauty of human nature. ·There was also a movement that he was trying to draw the creature’s mental attitudes and to uncover their emotional interactions with each other. ·This is important because it really helped planning the composition of the drawing to determine how the figures will fit mentally and physically in the work.·How can we relate this to artwork today?

BODILY-KINESTHETIC

CONTROVERSY: THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE VS THEORY OF INTELLECTUAL QUOTIENT

Theory of Multiple Intelligence CriticismsAll seven forms of intelligence are not of equal importance and value.

Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences is not legitimate because there are not specific tests to measure the seven intelligences.

Gardner’s theory is incompatible with g.Gardner’s theory expands the definition of intelligence beyond usefulness.

The Theory of the Intellectual Quotient (IQ) Criticisms Intelligence tests fail to measure underlying processes.

IQ tests are biased against ethnic minorities.Knowledge of their IQs may inhibit children’s level of aspiration and affect their self-confidence.

Intelligence tests limit our understanding of intelligence and sample only a limited number of conditions under which intelligent behavior are revealed.