The Mole: A Measurement of Matter OBJECTIVES: Describe how Avogadro’s number is related to a mole...
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Transcript of The Mole: A Measurement of Matter OBJECTIVES: Describe how Avogadro’s number is related to a mole...
![Page 1: The Mole: A Measurement of Matter OBJECTIVES: Describe how Avogadro’s number is related to a mole of any substance.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072005/56649ced5503460f949ba315/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
OBJECTIVES: Describe how Avogadro’s
number is related to a mole of any substance.
![Page 2: The Mole: A Measurement of Matter OBJECTIVES: Describe how Avogadro’s number is related to a mole of any substance.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072005/56649ced5503460f949ba315/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Mole: A Measurement of Matter
OBJECTIVES: Calculate the mass of a mole of
any substance.
![Page 3: The Mole: A Measurement of Matter OBJECTIVES: Describe how Avogadro’s number is related to a mole of any substance.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072005/56649ced5503460f949ba315/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is a Mole?
You can measure mass, or volume,or you can count pieces.We measure mass in grams.We measure volume in liters.
We count pieces in MOLES.
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Moles (abbreviated: mol)
Defined as the number of carbon atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12. 1 mole is 6.02 x 1023 particles.Treat it like a very large dozen6.02 x 1023 is called Avogadro’s number.
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Representative particles
The smallest pieces of a substance. For a molecular compound: it is the
molecule. For an ionic compound: it is the
formula unit (ions). For an element: it is the atom.
Remember the 7 diatomic elements (made of molecules)
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Types of questionsHow many oxygen atoms in the following? CaCO3
Al2(SO4)3
How many ions in the following? CaCl2 NaOH Al2(SO4)3
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Types of questions
How many molecules of CO2 are there in 4.56 moles of CO2?
How many moles of water is 5.87 x 1022 molecules?How many atoms of carbon are there in 1.23 moles of C6H12O6?
How many moles is 7.78 x 1024 formula units of MgCl2?
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Measuring Moles
Remember relative atomic mass? The amu was one twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom.Since the mole is the number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12,the decimal number on the periodic table is also the mass of 1 mole of those atoms in grams.
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Gram Atomic Mass (gam)Equals the mass of 1 mole of an element in grams12.01 grams of C has the same number of pieces as 1.008 grams of H and 55.85 grams of iron.We can write this as
12.01 g C = 1 mole CWe can count things by weighing them.
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Examples
How much would 2.34 moles of carbon weigh?How many moles of magnesium is 24.31 g of Mg?How many atoms of lithium is 1.00 g of Li?How much would 3.45 x 1022 atoms of U weigh?
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What about compounds?
in 1 mole of H2O molecules there are two moles of H atoms and 1 mole of O atomsTo find the mass of one mole of a compound determine the moles of the elements
they have Find out how much they would weigh add them up
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What about compounds?
What is the mass of one mole of CH4?
1 mole of C = 12.01 g4 mole of H x 1.01 g = 4.04g1 mole CH4 = 12.01 + 4.04 = 16.05g
The Gram Molecular Mass (gmm) of CH4 is 16.05g this is the mass of one mole of a
molecular compound.
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Gram Formula Mass (gfm)
The mass of one mole of an ionic compound.Calculated the same way as gmm.What is the GFM of Fe2O3?
2 moles of Fe x 55.85 g = 111.70 g3 moles of O x 16.00 g = 48.00 gThe GFM = 111.70 g + 48.00 g =
159.70 g