The Missouri Compromise of 1850

Daniel Marku (10-2) ---- Project #30

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INTRODUCTION SLIDE• Welcome to Daniel Marku’s presentation on the Missouri

Compromise of 1850 (#30).• There are three chapters you can go through, with 1-3 lessons

each.• At any time, you can go back to the menu by clicking the red

dot at the top of each slide. You can also click the arrow provided at the end of each lesson.

• Clicking random keys will present the slides in random order. For the sake of having an enjoyable time learning your history lesson, it is recommended you only click where and when you are supposed to.

• Have fun, and learn your lesson!

MAIN MENUCHAPTER 1: A HISTORY LESSON

CHAPTER 2: THE COMPROMISE OF 1850

CHAPTER 3: THE EFFECT

Rising Tensions The 1820 Compromise

CIVIL WAR

Conflicts The Five Enactments Territorial Map

Definitions Brief Timeline Sources

Relations to Other Movements

RELATIONS• Kansas-Nebraska Act (#31): This act repealed the part of the

Missouri Compromise. The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed popular sovereignty to decide whether Kansas or Nebraska would be free or slave states.

• The “Birth of the Republican Party” (#32): After the lands were divided following the Mexican-American War, the Missouri Compromise of 1820 laws were contradicted. This created discontent. After a fighting pro-slavery legislation, it started to become obvious that a new party to counter would need to be formed.

• South Carolina Secedes (#42): The Missouri Compromise was one of the many acts that angered South Carolina and caused them to be the first state to secede from the U.S.

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Rising TensionsIn the early 1800’s, the north and the south were battling over slave-related issues. The north consisted of many “FREE STATES,” while the south had the “SLAVE STATES.”

In 1819, both sides reached a tipping point when Missouri asked to join the nation as a slave state, and the north wanted to add Maine to the Union as a free state.

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The CompromiseAfter much deliberation and close Senate/House vote results,

Congress decided to create a line known as the Missouri Compromise Line, located at the southern border of Missouri (36O 30’ NORTH). Any

lands above the line, excluding Missouri, would be free states. Any lands below the line would be considered slave states.

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The Missouri Compromise of 1850…1. Admitted California as a

free state

2. Abolished slave trade

3. Organized the Territories of Texas and Utah under POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY

4. Passed a harsher Fugitive Slave Act

5. Forced Texas to give up its claimed land, and in return gave the state ten million dollars in compensation.

IMPORTANT SLIDE!!!

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Conflicts• THE MEXICAN AMERICAN WAR• After the Mexican-American War (1846-1848), the United

States gained a lot of lands. A major issue arose from these new lands, on whether or not they should be free or slave states.

• Four years of fighting between the north and south almost began the civil war. Henry Clay, a senator from Kentucky, had an idea to preserve the peace and avoid war.

Clay’s Fight

Henry Clay’s Fight for a Compromise• Henry Clay• Henry Clay was a senator from Kentucky, who thirty years before had

passed the Missouri Compromise. However, this time, his ideas were not getting the popular vote. Opponent John Calhoun led the opposing fight, with democratic party at his side.

• Stephen Douglas• In 1850, 70-year-old Clay had to give up the fight due to illness, and

Stephen Douglas replaced him. He was also aided by President Millard Fillmore (President Zachory Taylor died). Douglas broke Clay’s ideas down, and had them passed by a small margin. The laws came into effect on September 20, 1850.

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The Flaw of the 1850 Compromise

• The Compromise of 1850 might have been successful, if the fourth enactment, passing a harsher Fugitive Slave Law, was not passed.

• This harsher version forced any federal official who did not arrest a fugitive slave to pay a fine.

• Effects:• ABOLITIONISTS increased efforts to go against slavery• More slaves went through the UNDERGROUND RAILROAD

to escape to Canada• This, as well as the Kansas Nebraska Act (see Project 31),

created strife and anger amongst the people of the north and south, and after various strikes, led to the Civil War

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Definitions• Free States – States in which slavery was illegal.• Slave States – States that permitted the ownership and usage of slaves. • 36o 30’ North – A circle of latitude that is 36 and one-half degrees

north of the equator of the Earth. Approximately runs across Missouri’s southern border.

• Popular Sovereignty – Government that is free from federal influences when determining their own domestic policies. Government “ruled by the people.”

• Abolitionist – A person who wanted to abolish slavery• Underground Railroad – secret networks of routes and safe houses

that aided escaping slaves andwas provided by abolitionists in the years before the American Civil War

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Brief Timeline• 1819: Missouri asks to join the nation as a slave state• To solve issues…

• 1820: Missouri Compromise: • Line drawn at southern border of Missouri• Any lands above were free states• Any lands below were slave states (and Missouri)

• 1846-1848: Mexican-American War• America gains land: Should they be free or slave states?

• 1850: Henry Clay tries to pass a new Missouri Compromise• Passed on September 20, 1850.

SourcesSecondary Sources• "30d. The Compromise of 1850." The Compromise of 1850

[ushistory.org]. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013.• "Compromise of 1850." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 26 Aug.

2013. Web. 31 Aug. 2013.• "CongressLink." CongressLink RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013.• PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013.• "Primary Documents in American History." Compromise of 1850:

Primary Documents of American History (Virtual Programs & Services, Library of Congress). N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013.

Primary Sources• Clay, Henry. "Appendix to the Congressional Globe." A Century of

Lawmaking for a New Nation. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013.• "Thirty-First Congress Sess.I. Ch.50." A Century of Lawmaking for a

New Nation. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013.• "Thirty-First Congress Sess.I. Ch.60." A Century of Lawmaking for a

New Nation. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013.