The Middle Kingdom. Middle Kingdom – The Golden Age Expansion of the Empire – Captured...
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![Page 1: The Middle Kingdom. Middle Kingdom – The Golden Age Expansion of the Empire – Captured Nubia(Sudan) to the South and what is today Syria – tribute( forced.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649e765503460f94b77c26/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Middle Kingdom
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Middle Kingdom – The Golden Age
• Expansion of the Empire– Captured Nubia(Sudan) to the South and what is
today Syria – tribute( forced payments) had to be given to Egypt
– Within Egypt farmland was expanded to increase the surplus
– Pharaohs added dams and more irrigation– A canal was built between the Nile and the Red
Sea – increase trade
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Arts
• Temples and tombs were covered with colorful paintings of deities and murals about daily life
• Sculptors created large carvings and statues of the pharaohs
• Poets wrote songs and tributes to the pharaohs• Architecture changed from pyramid building to
cutting tombs into cliffs• Temples were built to praise the gods and
goddesses who brought prosperity and peace
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The End of the Middle Kingdom
• Invaded by the Hyksos who were from western Asia
• 150 years under foreign control• Ahmose led a revolt and forced out the
invaders and became Pharaoh • This is the start of the New Kingdom-
1550 B.C.- 1080B.C.
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Hatshepsut- 1480 B.C.
-Ruled with husband, behalf of her nephew and finally made herself pharaoh
– She was more interested in trade than conquest• Built new boats• Started trading in eastern Africa• Traded beads, metal tools and weapons for gold, ivory ,
incense and ebonyUsed wealth to build temples and monuments in the
Valley of the Kings
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Thutmose III
• Fought series of aggressive wars– Expanded the empire– Egypt grew rich from tribute• Gold, copper, ivory and other valuable goods
– Started a new practice – Slavery• POW’s used to build temples , palaces and tombs
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Amenhotep( Akhenaton)& Neferititi
• Changed Egypt’s religion• One god - Aton• Priest were forced out and replaced by
unqualified administrators• Neglected his duties , because he was devoted
to his new religion• Egypt lost much territory to the Hittites• Art and culture were reflected by the religious
changes
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Ramses II
• 66 year reign• Empire building through a series of wars and
conquests• Built a large army to retain lost lands• Launched a rebuilding program- constructed
many new temples and monuments• Emphasis on art, literature, and architecture
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