The Mechanics Behind the Lens
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Transcript of The Mechanics Behind the Lens
The Mechanics Behind the Lens
The Exposure Triangle
Aperture
Shutter Speed
ISO sensitivity
I S O
Aperture
Shutter Speed
ISO sensitivity
Aperture & Shutter Speed
Work together during a capture to control the amount of light entering the camera to obtain a properly exposed picture
Shutter Speed 1/500 1/250 1/125 1/60 1/30
F/stop f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/8 f/11
at f/5.6
at 1/125 sec.
Aperture
Mechanical opening that regulates how much light enters the camera through the lens.
Aperture
The physical opening of the camera lens
Called F-Stop
Higher the “F” number the smaller the opening
F/22 small
F/1.2 big
Aperture
Controls Depth of Field(DOF)
DOF how much is in focus front to back.
F/22 large DOF
F/1.2 very small DOF
F/18
F/5.6
Aperture
Shallow DOFAllows you to isolate
a subject from a distracting background taking the subject out of context
Aperture
Long DOFAllows you to show
the background or foreground to place your subject into context of what is in the surrounding area
Shutter Speed
The time duration that the sensor can record light
Measured in seconds
1/1000 fast
1/25 slow
2 very slow
Shutter Speed
Controls motion
Fast = Freeze
Slow = Blur
Speeds slower than 1/30 are subject to camera shake.
Control camera shake by:
Holding properly
Bracing
Using a support
Finding more light to allow a faster shutter speed
Shutter Speed
Aperture and Shutter Speed
Are inversely proportional
Each have trade offs
Aperture and Shutter Speed
Low f/stop means more light and a faster shutter but less DOF
Slow shutter means more light and higher f/stop but can cause motion to blur
Aperture&
Shutter SpeedAutomatic SettingCamera Adjusts to
Best ExposureCan Be Modified for
Specific SituationsSportNightPortraitManual Adjustment
ISO
Increases the sensitivity of the sensor.
Faster shutter speeds
Smaller apertures
Trade off - NOISE
Picture Quality & File Size
Quality
Image Qualityrefers to how much compression is applied to the photo to save on storage space.
Use HIGHEST QUALITY
** Not all cameras have this setting
Low Quality Best Quality
Image Size
Refers to how many pixels wide by high the actual capture.
3872x2592 (FINE)*
2896x1944 (NORM)*
1936x1296 (BASIC)*
Turns down the megapixels
*Nikon D80 10.2mpx camera
Quality x Size = File Size
Assume a 2gb card
at highest quality
File size Qty stored
4.8 mb
2.7 mb
1.2 mb
~ 266 fine
~ 466 norm
~ 503 basic
Shoot inFine or Normal
FormatYour photo could end
up on a poster, or the web, or a large
format banner
Don't chooseRAW format
Let's Look at the Equipment
D80CoolPix
D 80
DSLR
10.2 mpx
Interchangeable
lenses
Faster shooting
Requires some additional training
D 80Power
Mode Selector
Shots Remaining
Cool Pix
Point & Shoot
8mpx
Wide angle lens
Comparatively easy to use
Lightweight
Cool Pix Tips
Avoid using the flash.
Use the self timer's 2 second delay to help
prevent camera shake in low light.
Keep an extra set of batteries on hand
(2 AA)
Cool Pix
Power
OK-Mode Menu
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