THE MAKING OF SPACECRAFT

WHAT USED TO BE THE SOLE DOMAIN OF NATIONS IS NOW IN THE HANDS OF HOBBYISTS

MARK SMITH

@MARKJDSMITH

PEOPLE HAVE DREAMED OF SPACE SINCE TIME BEGAN

Who is this? What did he do wrong?

FACED WITH THE SKY AND PLANETS, PEOPLE THEORIZED

THE GEOCENTRIC MODEL OF MOTION

HELIOCENTRIC

Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=113494

I’M NOT GOING TO MAKE THIS A MATHS LESSON!• But…. once you get

used to the idea that things move around the earth, what happens once you move around the earth FAST ENOUGH?

SIR ISAAC NEWTON THOUGHT IT OUT!http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/how-orbits-work/en/

SUB-ORBITAL MISSIONSUNMANNED AND MANNED

THE V2 – FIRST UNMANNED SUBORBITAL

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ph-npS29n9Q

THE V2 – CONTROL CIRCUITRY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ph-npS29n9Q

THE V2 – FUEL TANK

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ph-npS29n9Q

THE V2 – OXIDISER

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ph-npS29n9Q

THE V2 – TURBO PUMPS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ph-npS29n9Q

THE V2 – NOZZLE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ph-npS29n9Q

THE V2 – CONTROL VANES

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ph-npS29n9Q

GYROSCOPES – CONTROLLING THE ATTITUDE OF THE V2

FROM:1:52

MERCURY – MANNED SUB ORBITAL

1950’s doco: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SbzcYuyvZag Ffwd: 19:10 to splashdown

CAPSULE ATTITUDE – 3 AXES FOR ORIENTATION

‘STEAM’ THRUSTERS ROTATED ABOUT 3 AXIS

SUBORBITAL TRAJECTORY

NOTE the attitude changes during flight!

WE’RE STILL DOING SUB-ORBITAL

http://www.virgingalactic.com/

http://www.virgingalactic.com/human-spaceflight/fly-with-us/

$250,000 USD

ORBITAL FLIGHTSMANNED -

FIRST SATELLITE IN ORBIT - SPUTNIK

FIRST SPACECRAFT IN ORBIThttp://www.russianspaceweb.com/vostok1.html

LAUNCH

IN ORBIT

TRAJECTORY

THE DETAIL VIEW

• Look at communications antennas

• Oxygen tanks

FIRST PERSON IN ORBIT – YURI GAGARIN

WHAT IF YOU WANT TO ESCAPE ORBIT?

YOU NEED TO OVERCOME GRAVITY

IT TAKES A LOT MORE EFFORT TO ESCAPE GRAVITY!

AND WHAT ABOUT THE REST OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM?

Earth

WHAT ABOUT – THE UNIVERSE?

• Lets Explore: http://www.numbersleuth.org/universe/

THE ROCKET EQUATIONNO MATHS REQUIRED….

THIS GUY DID THE GROUNDWORK FOR ROCKETS

GODDARD – US EARLY ROCKET EXPERIMENTER

REMEMBER THE V2?

• After WW2 half the team was taken to USSR, and half to USA

• The space race began

HOW MANY PROBES WERE LAUNCHED IN THIS RACE?

HOW MANY PROBES WERE LAUNCHED IN THIS RACE?

THE RUSSIANS GOT TO THE MOON WITH UNMANNED FIRST

THE AMERICANS NEEDED TO WIN

2:15 to 2:52

AMERICA, BEFORE THIS DECADE IS OUT2:24

SO MANY LUNAR PROBES AND MISSIONS

• During and AFTER the race• See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_lunar_probes

• LUNAR BALL GAME

APOLLO 11 – FIRST TO LAND NEIL ARMSTRONG ON THE MOON

DOCKING – A NEW CAPABILITY – IN FLIGHT

• Command module spins and docs with lunar module• 13:12

HOW COMPLEX?

• A guidance COMPUTER!• 64k of RAM, and 0.043 Mhz CPU• Your USB memory stick has more

processing power & storage.

http://www.computerweekly.com/feature/Apollo-11-The-computers-that-put-man-on-the-moon

LET’S CHECK OUT THE COMMAND MODULE• http://3d.si.edu/apollo11c

m/boxes/play-cm-ext-rc6-int-rc5/cm-interior.html

WE DIDN’T STOP THERE- SPACE STATIONS

SKYLAB

MIR

AND NOW - ISS

OUT INTO THE SOLAR SYSTEM… AND INTERSTELLAR!

VOYAGER – JUST GONE INTERSTELLAR

• See http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/slideshows/index.cfm?id=25&page=1

IT’S INTERSTELLAR

• Go see http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2013-278

IT’S INTERSTELLAR

• Go see http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2013-278

MARS AS SEEN FROM MARS RECONNAISANCE ORBITER

• http://mars.nasa.gov/multimedia/videos/?v=293

In orbit around Mars!

MARS BALL GAME

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_missions_to_Mars

SPIRIT/ OPPORTUNITY

• http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/multimedia/videos/?v=169

3D IMAGES FROM MARS

• Put on your 3D goggles – or pass them around.

• Go visit http://mars.nasa.gov/mars3d/

COMETS

• Rosetta:

MY PROJECT – NANOSAT REVOLUTIONGO TO THE OTHER POWERPOINT

LET’S GO OUTSIDE!

MAKE A SOLAR SYSTEM

• See http://thinkzone.wlonk.com/SS/SolarSystemModel.php?obj=Pluto&dist=79m&table=y&map=n

Let’s see if the solar system was the size of our oval just where all the planets would be!

You have been working on a planet. Get in your groups, - measure the distance from the end of the oval, and go stand there!

Pick a spokesperson – they must tell us about the planet

LAUNCH A ROCKET

Weather permitting! Can’t be wet nor

windy!

PREPARATION FOR LAUNCH

THANK YOU!