The Logistics Observatory · Evolution of the number of active logistic companies-3,5% • A...

The Logistics Observatory

Indicators of competitiveness for the Catalan

Logistics system (12th edition)

July 2017

THE INDICATORS OF COMPETITIVENESS (The Logistics Observatory of Catalonia) 2

1. Introduction

2. Socioeconomic context

3. Infrastructure supply

4. Supply and demand

5. Logistics real estate market

6. Efficiency

Index

7. Urban logistics

THE INDICATORS OF COMPETITIVENESS (The Logistics Observatory of Catalonia)

A tool for the continuous evaluation of the needs of the sectors of the economy in

relation to the infrastructure systems and logistics services.

A meeting point for the companies and key agents that enables the needs of the business

sectors of the economy to be integrated with planning and management of infrastructures and

services.

✓

✓

Introduction

3

The Logistics Observatory is:

The objectives of the Indicators of Competitiveness of the logistics system

✓

✓

✓

To create a reference framework that remains stable over the time, based on real

parameters and objective observation.

To monitor the most relevant data of the logistics system and analyse their evolution by

contrasting the information with experts of each specific area.

To become a tool able to provide information for the planning and management of the

logistics system.


DOCUMENT STRUCTURE

Introduction

✓

✓

The work is divided in two main parts:

Document body : 45 indicators

Statistical annex: 77 complementary statistical data

The document is organised in the following

sections:

1.- Socioeconomic context

2.- Infrastructure supply

3.- Supply and demand

4.- Logistics real estate market

5.- Efficiency

6.- Urban logistics

7.- Summary table of indicators


INFORMATION SEARCHING PROCESS:

IntroductionP

UB

LIC

SE

CT

OR

PR

IVA

TE

SE

CT

OR

More than 30 sources of information used

• Orientated for the socioeconomic context analysis (Institut d’Estadística de Catalunya, Instituto nacional de

Estadística, Eurostat,...).

• To obtain sectorial specific data (Encuesta permanente del transporte de mercancías por carretera (Ministerio

de Fomento), data base about the goods transport in Catalonia (Renfe, FGC), statistical reports form the Ports,

statistical data provided by Aena, Census data form the sectorial magazines and logistics platforms (Alimarket).

• Contrasting the primary results with experts from the various specialized areas within the sector.


✓ Ajuntament de Barcelona incorporation as a source of capillary logistics data

✓ Inclusion of a sectorial tendency survey.

✓ Going forward in the study, evaluation and definition of new indicators, reorienting the necessary ones

in order to offer a global vision of the Catalan logistics system.

NEW LINES OF STUDY

Freight volume moved by short sea shipping (SSS)

Number of journeys of freight vehicles in relation with private journeys in the city of Barcelona

Number of e-commerce operations in Catalunya

Supply points of NGV, LPG and electric for automotive

Introduction: OBSERVATORY NEWS FOR THE 2017 EDITION

Introduction of marine LNG

Registration evolution depending on fuel and maximum load

✓ + Disaggregated data by province

✓ + Advanced data for 2017.


1. Introduction





6. Efficiency

Index

7. Urban logistics


Socioeconomic context

• Regarding the scope of the logistics sector definition and according to the activity codes CCAE-2009, are

distinguished for the first time in this edition three scenarios in order to verify the weight of the logistics

activities in the Catalan economy: Basic scenario (including freight, warehousing and other activities related to

transport and post), Medium scenario (including the previous scenario and the wholesale trade) and Extensive

scenario (also including retail trade) with a weight of 3,7%, 9,6% and 13,3% respectively registered for 2014.

• In 2016 a decrease in the number of unemployed in the logistics sector of a 14% about 2015 was

registered, foreseeing a consequent reactivation in the importance of the sector for the Catalan economy.

• The total number of affiliates in an autonomous regime assumed in 2016 a percentage of a 26% over the

total affiliates number which meant 4 points below the percentage of autonomous in all sectors in Catalonia.

• The Catalan trade balance in the last biennium (2015-2016) tends to increase its difference between the

economic value of the exportations and importations, being negative in 2016 (-12.814 millions of euros).

• On 2016 the GDP value in constant prices is reactivated as well as the total volume of freights, increasing in

a 3,1% and a 4,8% respectively about 2013.


• The economic weight of the Catalan logistic sector is located between the 3,7% - 13,3% according to the studied

scenario in 2014.

• A slightly increasing tendency has been registered for the three scenarios regarding 2013.

• The weight of the Catalan logistics sector (3,7%) regarding the Catalan economy is half point above the state

average (3,1%).

3,8%3,6% 3,7% 4,0% 3,8% 3,7%

3,7%

9,8% 9,3% 9,4% 9,5% 9,4%9,4% 9,6%

13,9%13,3% 13,4% 13,3% 13,4%

13,3%13,3%

2,9%2,8%

2,9% 3,0% 3,0% 3,0% 3,1%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

GV

A/G

DP

Basicscenario

Mediumscenario

Extensivescenario

Logisticssector inthespanisheconomy

9

Economic weight of the logistics sector in the Catalan economy

0,9%

2,1%

0,3%

Contribution of the logistics activities in the Catalan

economy (2013)

GVA logistics activities

4,8%

Intermediate consumption

7,8%

Total 12,6%

Source: PIMEC Logística (2017): Report contribution of logistics in the economy

Source: Elaborated from data of Idescat and Ministerio de Fomento


0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

0,185

0,190

0,195

0,200

0,205

0,210

0,215

0,220

0,225

0,230

0,235

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Nu

mb

er

of

em

plo

ye

es

(th

ou

sa

nd

s)

Lo

gis

tic

s e

mp

loye

es

/ I

nd

us

try

em

plo

ye

es

Logistics employees / Industry employee

Logistics employees

Industry employees

10

Employment generation of the logistic sector

-1,8%

0,2%

2%

-4,6%

Data of unemployed in the transport and storage

sector

2016 13.765

2015 16.010

2014 19.135

2013 21.366

2012 20.435

2011 18.113

2010 18.183

-14%

-3,2%

• The ratio between the employees in the logistics sector and the ones in the industrial sector oscillates

during the period 2008-2014, with a global growth of a 1%, despite the recession of a -1,8% between 2013

and 2014.

Source: Elaborated from data of Idescat


27% 27% 27% 28% 27% 27% 26% 26%

73% 73% 73%72% 73% 73% 74% 74%

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

35.000

40.000

45.000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Nu

mb

er

of

aff

ilia

tes

by t

yp

e o

f re

gim

e

Autonomous regime General regime

11

Labour Market: Weight of the autonomous employees (transport and storage)

% autonomous in all sectors

2016 21,7%

2015 22,4%

2014 22,8%

-4% +2%+4%

-1,5%

1,8%

• The affiliated amount of employees in an autonomous regime represents the 26% (2016) of the total

number of affiliates.

• The autonomous share in the transport and storage sector is bellow the average represented by all the

activities sector (21,7%).

Source: Elaborated from data of Ministerio de Empleo and Seguridad Social (2017)


34.731 34.180

31.94630.600

29.57527.999

26.746 26.144 26.140

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

35.000

40.000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Nu

mb

er

of

co

mp

an

ies

12

Evolution of the number of active logistic companies

-3,5%

• A decline of a 3,5% is observed in the number of logistics active companies in the period 2008-2016.

• A total of 26.140 logistics active companies in Catalonia (2016), highlighting the group Goods transport and

moving services (79,7% about the total Catalan logistics active companies).

Source: Elaborated from data of INE

20.822

459 3.366

1.454 39

Distribution of logistics companies in Catalonia (2016)

494 Goodstransport by roadand Moving services

521 Warehousingand storage

522 Activitiesconnected totransport

532 Otras activitiesand post

Others


37% 36% 36% 37% 37%35% 35% 34% 33% 32% 32% 31% 30%

5% 5%5% 6% 6%

6%7%

7% 6% 7% 6% 6% 6%8% 7%

7%6% 7%

9%8%

8% 8% 9% 9% 9% 8%

9% 8%8%

9% 10%

11%11%

11%12% 12% 12% 12% 12%

20% 21%22%

20% 20%

17%

16%17%

17% 17% 17%18% 19%

21%23%

21%22% 21%

22%

24%

24%24% 25% 24%

24% 24%

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

50.000

60.000

70.000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Millio

ns

of

eu

ros

Others Metallurgy and metal productsTextiles, leather, footwear, clothing Food and beveragesMotor vehicles, transport material Chemical industries

13

Economic value of the exportations

4,3%

2%∆ 2015-2016

Chemical industries 1,2%

Motor vehicles, transport material 6%

Food and beverages 7,4%

Textiles, leather, footwear, clothing

-3,2%

Metallurgy and metal products 3,3%

Others (*) -0,6%

-18%

• Increasing tendency on the economic value of the Catalan exportations which started in 2004 and has an

accumulative positive variation of a 4,3% in spite of the drop between 2008-2009 (-18%).

• By sectors, highlights the category corresponding to chemical industry as well as motor vehicles and

transport equipment.



77.127

57.45666.924 70.850 69.770 66.627 71.890 76.178 77.825

27.464

27.67126.686 26.705 25.695 25.471 23.412 21.253 20.903

50.514

41.461

48.59555.525 58.853 58.359 60.195

63.885 65.142

50.644

51.74748.623

49.389 44.425 44.091 38.37639.473 38.802

41.355

40.73738.357

38.13634.384

32.711 32.25831.215 31.386

0

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

300.000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Mil

lio

ns o

f eu

ros

World-Catalonia Spain-Catalonia Catalonia-World Catalonia-spain Catalonia internal

14

Economic value of the exchanges with the State

Economic value of the effective production (58%)

Typology 2016 ∆2008-16

Internal 23% -2,8%

Catalonia-Spain 29% -2,6%

Catalonia-World 48% +3,9%

Economic value of the importations (42%)

Tipologia 2016 ∆2008-16

Spain-Catalonia 21% -2,7%

World-Catalonia 79% 0,8%

+0,5 %

-1,7%

+2%

-1,6%

+2,2%

Source: Elaborated from data of CEPREDE

• In the period 2008-2015 the Catalan exportations to the rest of the world have increase about a 3,2%, reaching a

share of a 48% regarding the economic value of the effective production.


• I.1. –Scenario definitions of the economic weight of logistics sector

• I.2. – Evolution of the Catalan GDP in current prices by sectors (2010 basis)

• I.3. – Evolution of the Catalan GDP in fixed prices (2000 basis)

• I.4. – Evolution of the Spanish GDP in fixed prices (2000 basis)

• I.5. – Estimation of logistics and transport sector growth

• I.6. – Number of employees by sectors in Catalonia

• I.7. – Autonomous employees in Catalonia by provinces

• I.8. – Number of employees per company in European countries

• I.9. – Consumer price index of Catalonia and Spain over time

• I.10. - Importations and exportations of Catalonia by areas and countries

• I.11. – Importations and exportations of Spain by areas and countries

• I.12. – Importations and exportations of Catalonia by sectors

• I.13. – Trade balance of Catalonia

• I.14. – Trade balance of Spain

• I.15. – Population growth of Catalonia

I. SOCIOECONOMIC CONTEXT

Socioeconomic context: Statistical annex

0

20.000

40.000

60.000

80.000

100.000

120.000

140.000

Ba

rce

lona

Girona

Lle

ida

Tarr

agona

Ba

rce

lona

Girona

Lle

ida

Tarr

agona

Ba

rce

lona

Girona

Lle

ida

Tarr

agona

2014 2015 2016

Nu

mb

er

of

aff

ilia

tes b

y r

eg

ime

Autonomous employees by provinces

Autonomous General


1. Introduction





6. Efficiency

Index

7. Urban logistics


Infrastructure supply

• Catalonia is still the most meshed territory in terms of road and rail infrastructure. In terms of road

infrastructure supply of 4 or more lanes presented a ratio of 48,5 km of road network per thousand square

kilometre in 2015. For its part, the provision of the Catalan rail infrastructure per area unit was 54,5

km/thousand-km2. By contrast, in relation to the population, Spain leads the ranking of rail and road infrastructure

provision per million inhabitants.

• Throughout the series of study it is found the fact that the proportion of toll roads in the high capacity road

network has decreased, from representing a 60% in 2000 into representing a 38% in 2015. The total amount of

expressways and toll-free highways have grown.

• The amount of traffic accidents involving heavy vehicles in the Catalan roads accumulates an annual

reduction of 1,3% in the period 2008-2015.

• In 2016, regarding maritime infrastructure transport, the road modus remained as the principal access modus

in the Port of Barcelona, with a share of 86%. Whereas the pipeline transport continuous as the majority in

the Port of Tarragona, with a share of the 69%. In the last year (2016) the rail access share in the Barcelona-

Harbour has increased, in an amount close to a 10% about 2015.


10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Ro

ad

netw

ork

en

do

wm

en

t (k

m)

/ are

a

(th

ou

san

ds o

f km

2)

Catalonia Spain Italy Germany France

18

Road infrastructure provision

4,3%

3,3%

Km/population 2015

Catalonia 207,3

Spain 328,2

Germany 158,1

• Catalonia presents a negative development about 2015 of a -0,4%, a small decline which doesn’t affects significantly its

leadership in terms of road infrastructure provision (4 or more lanes) in relation to its total area.

• Its evolution throughout the series of study (2004-2015) is crescent, with a clear Catalan dominance growth in regard to

the state growth specially from 2014. The annual growths are about the 4,3% and the 3,3% respectively.

• Spain leads the ratio of road infrastructure endowment per million of inhabitants (328,2 km/million-inhabitant).

Source: Elaborated from data of Idescat, lNE and Stadistisches Bundesamt (Germany)


Evolution of the traffic accidents rate involving heavy vehicles

-2,2%

2,5%2015 ∆ 14-15

Traffic accidents with

victims

Catalonia 25.286 6,1%

Spain 97.756 6,8%

Total freight vehicles involved

Catalonia 3.778 8,7%

Spain 14.879 4,4%

• The weight of the involvement of freight vehicles in traffic accidents in Catalonia has increased in the biennium

2014-2015 (2,5%), keeping its value around the 15%. In Spain the tendency has been the opposite, with a decline

of a -2,2%.

• In both cases it is found a downward tendency throughout the study series (2005-2015).

Source: Elaborated from data of DGT and Generalitat de Catalunya

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

% o

f h

eavy v

eh

icle

s i

nvo

lved

in

tra

ffic

accid

en

ts

Catalonia Spain


60% 59% 59% 54% 52% 51% 48% 39% 48% 48% 44% 46% 46% 40% 41% 38%

9% 9% 8%25% 26% 29%

39%51% 44% 44% 45% 46% 46%

52%51% 54%

31% 32% 34%

21% 21% 20%13%

10%

8% 8% 11% 8% 8%

8%

7% 8%

0

200

400

600

800

1.000

1.200

1.400

1.600

1.800

200

0

200

1

200

2

200

3

200

4

200

5

200

6

200

7

200

8

200

9

201

0

201

1

201

2

201

3

201

4

201

5

Km

of

roa

ds

Toll highways Expressways and toll-free highways Doble lane ways

20

Proportion of toll roads in the high capacity road network

16%

-0,1%

• Clear dominance of the toll highways in Catalonia until 2005. However, between 2003-2015 an increase

regarding the number of expressways and toll-free highways begun. Their annual growth between 2000 and

2015 was 16%, while for toll highways was -0,1%.

• Tarragona stands out as the province with the highest percentage of toll roads amount.

37%

40%19%

60%

% Toll highways by provinces

Barcelona Girona Lleida Tarragona

Source: Elaborated from data of Idescat and Ministerio de Fomento


0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

2014 2015 2016

Nu

mb

er

of

veh

icle

s

Re

char

gin

g st

atio

ns

NGV LPG Electric NGV Vehicles LPG Vehicles Electric vehicles

21

Supply points of NGV, LPG and electric for automotive

• Electric stations: Year-on-year growth of 15%.

• LPG stations: Significant growth of 27% since 2014.

• Mixt station (CNG-LNG): Light decline (-4%) from 2014 to 2016.

New

15%

27%

-4%

Park of alternative fuel vehicles

Tipology 2016 ∆ 14-16

Electric 5.828 53%

LPG 1.458 81%

NGV 2.093 43%

Source: Elaborated from data of GASNAM and ICAEN


20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

2002 2003 2004 2005* 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Rail i

nfr

astr

uctu

re e

nd

ow

men

t (k

m)/

are

a (

tho

usan

ds o

f km

2)

Catalonia Spain Europe-28

22

Rail infrastructure endowment

0,7%

0,2%Km/population

[km/million]2015

Catalonia 232,9

Spain 343,6

Germany 401,3

• Catalonia and Spain present an annual growth (2002-2015) of 0,7% and 0,8%, being the endowment in km/km2

in 2015 for Catalonia 54,4 and 31,7 for Spain.

• The Catalan rail infrastructure density is located near the European ratios of 47,1 km/km2.

Source: Elaborated from data of Idescat, INE and Eurostat


Performance in the intermodal terminals

13,3

25,2

16,4

34,5

20,0

0

20

40

60

80

2000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

TE

U/y

ear

per

track m

etr

e

Barcelona Morrot Constantí Granollers Pla de la Vilanoveta Portbou TOTAL

• The performance in the intermodal terminals has increased its value about 2015, reaching the amount of

20 moved TEUs/year per lineal metre of track during the exercise in 2016 (-2,7% about 2015). However, the

quantity is still far from the European average, close to 50 TEUs/year.

Source: Elaborated from data of Renfe


0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%Port of Tarragona

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Port of Barcelona

Rail share Road share Pipeline share

24

Modal access and exit share in the Catalan harbours

+9,9% 1,5%

-0,2%

-2,5%

6,8%

-6,8%

• The distribution of modal shares remains stable throughout the series.

• Port of Barcelona: Dominance of the road transport (86%). Growth of the rail share in a percentage of 9,8%

(2015-2016), becoming the second mode ahead the pipeline share (-6,8%).

• Port of Tarragona: Dominance of the pipeline transport (69%). Growth in the rail share (+1,5%) and in the road

share (+6,8%).

Source: Elaborated from data obtained from intern mails with Autoritats Portuàries of Barcelona and Tarragona


Usable area of warehouse by provinces

• Barcelona leaders the m2 of available area for logistics warehouse, whereas Lleida keeps the last position in

the provincial ranking.

• All provinces maintain constant the available area for logistics warehouse regard last year, with small growths

between 0 and 1,9%.

0

1.000.000

2.000.000

3.000.000

4.000.000

5.000.000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

m²

of

ware

ho

use


Source: Elaborated from data of Alimarket


• II.1. – Traffic accidents rate in Catalonia and Spain

• II.2. – Map of the logistics platforms

• II.3 – Surface area for storage in Spain

• II.4. – Surface area for storage in Catalonia

• II.5. – Road infrastructure endowment in Catalonia by provinces

• II.6.- Proportion of toll roads in the high capacity road network in Catalonia by province

II. INFRASTRUCTURAL SUPPLY

Infrastructure Supply: Statistical annex


1. Introduction





6. Efficiency

Index

7. Urban logistics


Supply and Demand

• During 2016 the total freight volume managed by the Catalan logistics system reached the amount of 367,5

millions of tons, consolidating its recovering trend started in 2014. Specifically, the European transport was

the one who took a higher profit of it, with a total increase of a 2,5% between 2015 and 2016. According to type of

modes, road transport remained as the controlling one in Catalonia, by assuming a share of a 76% of the total.

• Although diesel is the most consumed fuel by automotive vehicles in Catalonia followed by gasoline (79

and 16% respectively), a reduction is confirmed in both consumption through the studied series (2007-

2016) in favour of alternative fuels. PLG consumption increases a percentage around 16% in the last

biennium.

• As a novelty of this year's edition, information is collected on hybrid vehicles, complementing the information of

those propelled by LPG, CNG, LNG and electricity.

• The Ro-Ro traffic had a decline of a 5% regarding the transported tones. It has reached a total volume of 10,2

millions of tons in 2016.

• The Catalan airport system during 2016 recorded an increase in the managed volume in terms of

transported tones of a 13% about 2015.


455,7

495,1 500,2529,1

488,2

414,7394,8

374,1352,1

318,8343,0

364,8 367,5

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Th

ou

san

ds o

f to

nes

Managed volume by the Catalan logistics system

29

Managed volume by the Catalan logistics system

0,7%

-1,8%

-8,1%Flow type 2016 ∆ 15-16

Road 277,7 1%

Rail 9,2 1%

Maritime 80,4 -1%

Aerial 133 13%

• Starting from 2013 the declining tendency which started in 2007 (-8,1%) was broken, regarding the volumes

of managed tons by the Catalan logistics sector. The managed volume in 2016 increases about 2015 in a

percentage of a 0,7%.

Source: Elaborated from data of Aena, Autoridad Portuaria de Barcelona, DGIMT, FGC, Ministerio de Fomento and Renfe


0

60

120

180

240

300

0

1

2

3

4

5

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Billi

ng

per

co

mp

an

y (

tho

usan

ds o

f eu

ros)

Em

plo

yees /

co

mp

an

y

Employees per company Billing per company

30

Business structure indicators

+2,8%

• Since 2003 there is no record of significant changes regarding the average number of employees per company

in Catalonia, being this current share 2,5.

• The Catalan average is located away the one of the principal European countries (Germany 9,4 (2008), Belgium

7,6 (2008)).

• An annual increase of a 2,8% in the billing per company has been confirmed (2003-2014). The current billing

in Catalonia per company is 289,6 thousands of euros (2014).

Source: Elaborated from data of Eurostat, Idescat and INE


73,8%75,5% 74,8% 74,6%

72,3%71,8%

67,6% 66,2% 65,8%61,5% 63,1% 62,2% 63,3%

18,3%

17,1% 18,5%18,8%

20,3%

20,7%

22,5%23,1%

23,7%

25,8%24,4%

25,1% 24,8%

7,9%

7,4% 6,7%6,5%

7,4%

7,5%

9,9%10,6%

10,5%

12,7%12,5%

12,7% 11,9%

0

100.000

200.000

300.000

400.000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Mil

ers

de t

on

es

Transport intern de Catalunya Transport amb la resta de l' Estat Transport internacional de Catalunya

31

Distribution by type of road flow

-3,8%

+1,6%Intermodal transport 2016

Road-harbour transport (mT) 41.318

Rail-road transport (mT) 4.781

Road-air transport (mT) 133

TOTAL (mT) 46.231

• During the period 2007-2013, it is confirmed a general fall in the road transport volume of a 46% due to the

economic crisis. This trend has been changed starting from 2014 and currently reaching the amount of 256.422

millions of tons transported by road (2016) (+9,3% about 2015).

• Positive increment in the internal transport and the exchanges with the State. The international road transport

amount highlights regarding the others (-4,4% about 2015))

Source: Elaborated from data of DGITM and Ministerio de Fomento


50% 49% 50%49% 48% 49% 49% 47% 46%

48%39%

3%2%

2%

3%3%

3%4%

4% 3%

3%3%

3% 3%4%

4%5%

5% 5%5% 5%

4%

5%

6% 6%7%

7%8%

8% 9%10% 11%

8%9%

25%26%

23%

22%

20%16%

14%

11%11%

20%

10%

14%14%

15%

16%

18%

18%19%

21%23%

18%

20%

0

5.000.000

10.000.000

15.000.000

20.000.000

25.000.000

30.000.000

35.000.000

40.000.000

45.000.000

50.000.000

55.000.000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Nu

mb

er

of

an

nu

al o

pera

tio

ns

Others Chemical products Agricultural products and animals

Food products and forrage Minerals and construction products Machines, vehicles and manufactured objects

32

Operations by sectors

-46%

-14%

• Fall in the total number of operations since the economic crisis starts by a 50% (2008-2013). However, after

2015 growth (+24%), at the current data (2016) shows a significant decline: -14% about 2015.

• According to types of freight, minerals and construction material (-49% about 2014) and strongly penalized by

the economic crisis. They currently represent the 10% of the total.

Source: Elaborated from data of Ministerio de Fomento


0,00%

0,50%

1,00%

1,50%

2,00%

2,50%

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

LNG CNG LPG Hybrid Electric

33

Evolution of enrolments according to type of fuel and maximum loadNew

+63%

+76%

• 1.122 new registrations between 2011 and 2016 in the number of vans and trucks which use alternative

energies.

• The CNG was used for the first time in 2012 in 2 vehicles.

• The registrations of vehicles using NGV increases by a 271% about 2015 (from 21 to 78 vehicles).

• LPG goes from 44 to 43 new registrations.

Source: Elaborated from data of DGT


Loads equilibrium/disequilibrium

• Between 2008-2015 the only regions with a negative balance (importations>exportations) were Castilla la

Mancha and Castilla and León. In the last biennium (2015-2016) in the case of Castilla la Mancha it declines a

24% and Castilla and León it grows a 159%.

• Currently, in 2016 it is confirmed an increasing positive balance in the exchanges with Madrid and Aragón (9%

and 22% about 2015). They are expected to be a potential important destinations for the exportations from

Catalonia.


-50.000

0

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Nu

mb

er

of

op

era

tio

ns

Andalucía Aragón Castilla la Mancha Castilla y León

Comunidad valenciana Comunidad de Madrid País vasco


-

2.000.000

4.000.000

6.000.000

8.000.000

10.000.000

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

To

ns

of

fue

l c

on

su

mp

tio

n

Gasoline Gasoline (Bio) Diesel A Diesel A (Bio) NG LPG

35

Fuel consumption for automotive

-1%

-4%

79%

• Clear dominance of diesel (diesel A) throughout the studied period in Catalonia, in spite an annual decline of a

-1% (2007-2016). Its current market share (2016) is a 79%.

• Gasoline is the second most consumed fuel despite of its annual decline by 6% (2007-2016).

• Annual positive increase of the biofuel and growth in the last biennium (2014-2016) with the exception Gasoline

bio (-0,4%).

Source: Elaborated from data of CORES, Institut Cerdà and Ministerio de Fomento


0,00

0,20

0,40

0,60

0,80

1,00

1,20

1,40

1,60

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Ave

rag

e d

iesel p

rice (

€/l

)

Perc

en

tag

e o

f fu

el co

sts

in

th

e t

ota

l carr

ier

co

st

(%)

Percentage offuel cost in thetotal carrier costs

Average diesel price (€/l) Catalonia

Average diesel price (€/l) Spain

Average diesel price (€/l) Eurozone

Average diesel price(€/l) France

36

Costs evolution based on diesel

+4%

-15% +6% -6%

+9%

-19%

+4%-12%

• The evolution of the percentage of fuel costs and the diesel price shows a convergence between both series.

• The average price per litre of diesel in the Eurozone is 9 euro cents higher that in Catalonia (2016).

Source: Elaborated from data of Generalitat de Catalunya and Ministerio de Industria, Energía and Turismo


91,997,2 98,3

115,5

92,5

108,5

127,3

137,3 135,2128,9

110,7

92,3

103,5109,0 110,0

127,1

100,5

115,4

135,5

147,3143,1

137,3

119,1

100,9

0,0

20,0

40,0

60,0

80,0

100,0

120,0

140,0

160,0

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Pre

cio

med

io d

iesel

(cts

/l)

Price without taxes Taxes Catalonia Spain Eurozone

37

Diesel average price in the Catalan fuel stations

-9,5%

0%

• In the period of 2012-2016 exists a declination in the diesel price of a -32,8% in Catalonia. However, its annual

growth throughout the studied series is around 0% (2005-2016).

• The evolution in Spain and in the Eurozone converges: 0,5 cents and 8,7 cents respectively higher than in

Catalonia (2016).

Source: Elaborated from data of Ministerio de Industria, Energía and Turismo


10% 12% 13% 18% 23%27% 30% 27% 27% 27% 26%

14% 12% 12% 12%10%

8% 9%10%

12% 13% 14%

24% 27% 28%34%

30%23% 24%

23%18% 18% 16%

8% 8% 7%

8%7%

6% 5%6% 7% 6% 6%

20% 18% 18%

9%6%

18% 15%

12%15%

12% 16%

24% 23%22%

19%24%

19%17%

23%21%

24% 22%

0

1.000.000

2.000.000

3.000.000

4.000.000

5.000.000

6.000.000

7.000.000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

ton

s

Maritime ITU(*) Land ITU (*) Others Machines, vehicles and manufactured objects Fuel and solid minerals Metalurgic products

38

Intermodal rail transport

-2%

• Oscillating trend in the total volume of managed tons by rail modes in Catalonia. 2009 recorded the minimum

transported tons of the series, followed by an accelerated growth until 2011.

• Leadership of the transport linked to maritime mode with an annual growth of a 8% (2006-2016), representing

the 26% of the total.

Source: Elaborated from data of Renfe


5,8%

2,3%

5,6%

7,7%

3,3%

0

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

8%

9%

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010* 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Mil

lon

es d

e t

on

ela

das

-kiló

metr

os

Cu

ota

del tr

an

sp

ort

e f

err

ovia

rio

(%

en

t-k

m)

Toneladas-km ferroviarias Cuota global del transporte ferroviarioCuota en los flujos internos Cuota en los intercambios con el EstadoCuota en el transporte internacional Quota en el tràfic de pas

39

Rail transport share

-4,3%

-0,7%

• Rail share of intern traffics: Decline of a 9,3% in the last biennium (2015-2016).

• Rail share of exchanges with the rest part of the State: Declining tendency throughout the studied series

(-2,7% annual (2006-2016)).

• Rail share of international traffic: They currently represent a rail share of a 7,7% (2016).

• Rail share of through traffic: Declining tendency throughout the series (-1,6% annual (2006-2016)).

Source: Elaborated from data of DGTIM, Ministerio de Fomento and Renfe


Rail share of international terrestrial flows

Millions of rxchanged tones-km with

Catalonia2016

France 10.543

Italy 2.919

Spain 31.467

Germany 5.553

• Significant differences between the region, so the evidence that rail transport becomes more competitive in the

long runs is confirmed.

Source: Elaborated from data of Ministerio de Fomento and Renfe

0,2%

3,4%

5,6%

3,5%

21,0%

35,9%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45%

France

Italy

Rest part of Spain

Portugal

Germany

Belgium

Rail share (in % of tones-kilometer)

2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009


0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

% i

n t

ran

sp

ort

ed

to

ns r

eg

ard

ing

th

e t

oal o

f each

o

pera

tor

Renfe FGC Private operators

41

Activity of private rail operators

20,8%

Millions onf transportes tons (2016)

2016

Renfe 7.055

FGC 700

Private operators 1.435

• In 2010 the weight of the private rail operators share regarding the freight transport in Catalonia start its presence

coming to represent a share close to the 17% in 2016 about the total transported tones by rail mode.

• Renfe keeps its leadership with the significant share of a 77% (2016).

Source: Elaborated from data of FGC and Renfe


0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Th

ou

san

ds o

f to

ns

Spain North Africa Italy and France Asia

Rest of Europe Rest of Africa America Near and Middle East

42

Freight traffic in the Catalan harbours by its origin and destinations

+1,3%

• The total freight volume moved in the harbours of Barcelona and Tarragona keeps constant (+0%) about 2015.

Increase of the international traffic in short distance in the last biennium (2015-2016) with Italy and France

(+12%), the large distance traffic with Asia (+16,3%) and North America (+9%) and the exchanges with

Spain. Decline of the exchanges with the rest of Africa (-23%) and Near and Middle East (-16%).

Source: Elaborated from data of Autoridad Portuaria of Tarragona and Port of Barcelona


Percentage tons in containers regarding the total moved tons

• Port of Barcelona: Growing rend until 2008. The share for container traffic in 2016 has achieved the value of a

44,1%, being lower than the maximum share of a 50,8% in 2007.

• Port of Tarragona: Declining trend from 2010 to the present. The share for container traffic in 2016 is about a

1%. The maximum value of the 8,7% achieved in 2010.

46,7%45,0%

48,6%50,8% 49,8%

42,2%44,7%

46,1%

42,0% 40,9%39,3%

40,7%

44,1%

0,5% 0,3% 0,3% 1,1% 1,3%

7,8% 8,7% 8,0%6,1% 5,6% 5,0%

2,8%1,0%0,0%

10,0%

20,0%

30,0%

40,0%

50,0%

60,0%

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

% o

f m

oved

to

ns in

co

nta

iner

/ to

tal

(Barc

elo

na a

nd

Tarr

ag

on

a)

To

ns in

co

nta

iner

(Mil

lio

ns o

f to

ns)

tons in container (Millions of tones, Tarragona) tons in container (Millions of tones, Barcelona) % of tons in container (BCN) % of tons in container (TGN)

Source: Elaborated from data of Autoritats Portuàries de Barcelona and Tarragona and Ports of Barcelona and Tarragona


-

2.000

4.000

6.000

8.000

10.000

12.000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Tho

usa

nd

s o

f to

ns

Port of Barcelona Port of Tarragona

44

Intermodality study in the maritime mode

Font: Elaboració pròpia amb dades de Puertos del Estado

-5,6%

+14%-12%

+1%

• Clear dominance of the Ro-Ro traffic in the Port of Barcelona regarding the Port of Barcelona throughout the series

(2006-2016).

• Barcelona: Generalized growth from 2009 to the present, increasing a 5,6% in 2016 about 2015.

• Tarragona: Annual decline of a -12% (2006-2016). However, the growth about 2015 has been positive, 14%.


0,00

5,00

10,00

15,00

20,00

25,00

30,00

45%

50%

55%

60%

65%

70%

75%

80%

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

SSS

fre

igh

t [m

iles

of

ton

es]

SSS

fre

igh

t /t

ota

l fre

igh

t [%

]

SSS Port of Barcelona SSS Port of Tarragona Port of Barcelona Port of Tarragona EU top 20 ports

45

Short Sea Shipping freight volume share regarding total traffic

Source: Elaborated from data of Autoritat Portuària de Barcelona and Eurostat

• Barcelona: The SSS represents the 57% of the total volume, similar to the EU top 20 de ports.

• Tarragona: The SSS represents the 62% of the total volume.

New

-1%

+3%


• Distribution by countries and mode. Freight volume managed with O/D Catalonia. Data from 2016.

Source: Elaborated from data of Autoritat Portuària de Barcelona and Ministerio de Fomento


33,4%27,0% 25,5% 22,8% 23,8% 26,0%

31,5%

33,6% 33,6%31,6%

35,4% 34,5%

24,4%24,9% 28,1%

33,2%28,6% 26,9%

5,9%8,9% 6,6% 6,4% 5,7% 6,5%

2,7% 2,9% 3,1% 3,1% 3,6% 3,6%2,2% 2,6% 3,2% 3,0% 3,0% 2,5%

0

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

300.000

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Mile

s o

f to

ne

s

Pe

rve

nta

ge f

or

kin

d o

f co

nta

ine

r (%

)

Conventional cargo Automobiles Solid bulk cargoLiquid bulk cargo Ro-Ro Container cargoSpain (Miles of tones) PoB* (Miles of tones)

47

Short Sea Shipping freight by type of container

• Ro-Ro transport is placed in first position (34,5%), followed by liquid bulk cargo (26,9%) and container cargo

(26%).

• The volume transported grows a 4,2% in the biennium 2015-16 at the Port de Barcelona and in the ports of the

State.

New

+4%

+3%

Millions of transported tones (PoB)

Kind of container 2016

Liquid bulk cargo 7.268.047

Solid bulk cargo 1.759.484

Container cargo 7.048.000

Ro-Ro 9.323.189

Conventional cargo 686.871

Automobiles 973.005

Total 27.058.596

Source: Elaborated from data of Autoritat Portuària de Barcelona and Asociación de promoción del TMCD


Air traffic by geographic regions

• Exchanges with Barcelona-El Prat:

• Europe: Predominant region in terms of air traffic volume. The maximum value corresponds to 2009 with

a total region share of 62,9% in moved tons. Currently, they represent the 45,9% of the total volume.

• Middle East: Accelerated growth of this market since 2011. they currently represent a 27,6%.

• Spain: Progressive decline since 2005. They currently represent the 5% of the total volume.

62,9%

45,9%

9,9%

27,6%

0,8%

5,6%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Air

tra

ffic

: sh

are

by r

eg

ion

s

Spain Europe Latin America and the Caribbean North America Middle East Africa Asia and Pacific

Source: Elaborated from data of Aena


50%59%

66%69%

66%68%

59% 57% 53% 48%

58% 57%

50%

41%34%

31%

34%

32%

41%42% 47% 51%

41%

43%

0,1%0,1% 0,1%

0,1%

0,2%

0,1%

0,1% 0,9%0,4%

0,8%

0,2%

0,2%

0

20.000

40.000

60.000

80.000

100.000

120.000

140.000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

To

ns

Others Hold of passengers Cargo planes

49

Goods volume by type of operation

-2,2%

+3,2

• Cargo planes: 2016 presents a decline of -2,2% about 2015. They now represent a 57% of the freight

transported by air mode. However, the absolute value has increased a 7,8% about last year.

• Transported freight in the hold of passengers: Increase of a 3,2% about 2015, and a 13,7% of the absolute

value.



• Barcelona: Principal airport of Catalonia, it currently accumulates the 90% of the operations in Catalonia.

• Girona: Represents the 5% of the total air operations in Catalonia.

• Reus: Third position regarding the number of operations, with a share of a 4%.

• Lleida: It represents the 0,6% of the total operations. They present a decline of the 25% in the number of

operations about 2015.

50

Catalan air traffic


90% 91% 89%87%

84% 86% 90% 91% 91% 93% 89% 90%

7%7%

9%11%

12% 11%7%

7% 7% 5% 6% 5%

3%3%

2%2%

4% 3%3%

2% 2% 2% 4%4%0,1% 0,1% 0,2%

0,6%0,4%

90.49593.745 96.678

104.389

89.485

104.243

96.532 94.60497.675 99.751

117.315

132.806

0

20.000

40.000

60.000

80.000

100.000

120.000

140.000

0

100

200

300

400

500

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fre

igh

t vo

lum

(to

ns)

Th

ou

san

ds o

f o

pera

tio

ns

Lleida Reus Girona Barcelona Total freight volume


GENERAL DATTA

• III.1. – Volume of goods distributed by transport mode and flow type

• III.2. – Importations and exportations of Catalonia by areas and countries

• III.3. – Distributions of land exchanges with Catalonia (in tons-kilometre, by countries)

ROAD TRANSPORT

• III.4. – Volume of freight moved by road in Catalonia

• III.5. – Volume of traffic on the major Catalan roads

• III.6. – ADT of heavy vehicles in the territorial limits

• III.7. – Percentage of heavy vehicle regarding the total ADT in the territorial limits

• III.8. – Road transport operations by type of freight in Catalonia

• III.9. – International road operations with O/D Catalonia by countries

• III.10. – Transported tons by road mode by countries

• III.11. – Transported tons-km by rad mode by countries

• III.12. – Goods vehicles park in Catalonia

• III.13. – Mobility of goods vehicles in Catalonia

• III.14. – Crude fuel price (Brent barrel) over time

• III.15. –Taxes to the litre of diesel. Comparative

III. SUPPLY AND DEMAND

Supply and Demand: Statistical annex

75,6%

2,5%

21,9%

0,04%

By transport mode 2016

Road

Rail

Maritime

Air


RAIL TRANSPORT

• III.16. – General transport for rail freight in Spain

• III.17. – Flow of goods per rail mode in Catalonia

• III.18. – Rail terminals in Catalonia : Evolution of the number of TEUs

• III.19. – International rail border crossing

• III.20. – Transported tons by rail mode by countries

• III.21. – Transported tons-kilometre by rail mode by countries

MARITIME TRANSPORT

• III.22. – Basic data for the managed volume by the harbour system

• III.23. – Tons distribution by main origins and destinations

• III.24. – Modal access distribution at the Catalan harbours.

• III.25. – Road access to the Port of Barcelona

• III.26. – Rail traffic at the Port of Barcelona. Evolution of container and vehicle traffics

by rail transport

• III.27. – The rail traffic at the Port of Barcelona. General traffic evolution

• III.28. – Principal destinations from the Port of Barcelona

• III.29. – Evolution in the inspection numbers on the FIP of the Port of Barcelona



0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

50.000

60.000

70.000

80.000

90.000

100.000

110.000

120.000

Num

ber

of

TE

Us

Number of containers received/expeded by the Port of

Barcelona (RENFE)

2014 2015 2016


• III.30. – SSS traffic load/download at the Port of Barcelona by typology and country

• III.31. – Volume of merchandise of SSS by type of packaging at the Port of Barcelona

• III.32. – Volume of merchandise of SSS by type of packaging at Spain

AIR TRANSPORT

• III.33. – Air freight traffic evolution (Spanish airports)

• III.34. – Number of intercontinental passenger flights at the airport of Barcelona

• III.35. – Number of weekly flights of pure cargo at the airport of Barcelona

• III.36. – Freight air transport by geographical regions

• III.37. – Freight air transport by type of airplane

• III.38. – Transported freight by aerial truck from El Prat to other airports

• III.39. – Evolution in the number of passengers at the Catalan airports

• III.40. – Evolution in the number of operations at the Catalan airports

• III.41. – Evolution of the freight volume at the Catalan airports

• III.42. – Evolution of the number of inspections on the FIP at the airport of Barcelona

• III.43. – Volume of goods by type of operations. Aerial truck weight.



0

2.000

4.000

6.000

8.000

10.000

12.000

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Op

era

cio

ns

Number of weekly flights of pure cargo at the airport of Barcelona

North America Latin America and the CaribbeanMiddle East Asia and PacificAfrica EuropeSpain Total


1. Introduction





6. Efficiency

Index

7. Urban logistics


Logistics real state market

• Catalonia reinforces its leadership within the Spanish State in terms of available surface area for

warehouse and logistics platforms. It currently (2016) owns a total amount of 6,7 millions of square

meters. On the other hand, Spain increases its available area for warehouse about 2015 in a 10%, whereas in

Catalonia the increase has been lighter: about a 1%.

• Due to the consumerism environment as well as the privileged industrial and logistics development

situation, the logistics platform in the province of Barcelonés leaders the ranking at provincial level in

terms of available square meters for logistics warehouse (4.974.243 m2 in 2016) and its rental price (4,6

€/m2 per month). Therefore, it is positioned near the average rental price for logistics warehouse in Europe of 5,4

€/m2 per month.


Logistics area in the State range

• Catalonia, with more than 6,7 millions of m2 keeps leading the state ranking for logistics available surface land

(23,8%).

• The 1% growth of supply in Catalonia on the last biennium (2015-2016) contrasts with the growth of the 10% of

the last biennium (2014-2015).


0

1.000.000

2.000.000

3.000.000

4.000.000

5.000.000

6.000.000

7.000.000

8.000.000

Ca

talo

gn

e

Ma

drid

Va

lence

An

dalu

sie

Ca

stille

-la

-M

anch

e

Pa

ys B

asq

ue

Galic

e

Ara

go

n

Ca

tille

-et-

Leo

n

Ca

narie

s

Na

va

rre

Mu

rcie

Astu

rie

s

La R

ioja

Ca

nta

brie

Extr

em

adu

re

Ba

léare

s

Ce

uta

et M

elil

la

m²

de

su

rfa

ce

de

sto

ck

ag

e

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Price (

€ /

m²·

month

)

Barcelona Girona Tarragona Lleida Wheighted average

57

Average rental price of logistics warehouse by provinces

-1,9%

• Regarding the weighted average in Catalonia, a huge increment is confirmed in the rental price of logistics

warehouse between 2005-2007, followed by a fall which lasts until 2013, due to the economic crisis and the

housing bubble explosion. 2016 presents an average price of 4,6 €/m2 per month, a decline of -3% about 2015.

• Increase in the prices in the other provinces, with a notorious price increment in the province of Tarragona

around a 12,6% in regard to 2015 is confirmed.

Source: Elaborated from data of Aguirre Newman, BNP, CBRE, Cushman & Wakefield, Forcadell, Jones Lang LaSalle and Triangle Real Estate Management


0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Pre

cio

med

io d

el su

elo

lo

gís

tico

(€/m

2·m

es)

€/m2·month Average

58

Average rental price of logistics warehouse in Europe

EU average = 5,4

• The average rental price of logistics warehouse in Barcelona city (6 €/m2 per month) is above the

European average of 5,4€/m2 per month.



Analysis of the logistics real state range in the Mediterranean corridor

• In a foreground first position Geneva leaders the ranking with an average value of 8,9 €/m² per month by the

end of 2016.

• Barcelona city occupies a second position in the ranking with a price of 6 €/m² per month.

Source: Elaborated from data of Colliers International, BNP Paribas Estate and CB Richard Ellis

8,9

6,0

4,24,6

3,7 3,9

3,1 3,2 3,0

2,12,6 2,5

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Pri

ce (

€/m

²·m

on

th)

2009 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016


IV. LOGISTICS REAL STATE MARKET

• IV.1. – Ranking of rental warehouse prices for the main logistics zones in Spain

• IV.2. – Ranking of rental warehouse prices for the main logistics zones in Europe

• IV.3. – Ranking of rental warehouse prices for the main logistics zones in the main areas in

the Mediterranean corridor

Logistics real state market: Statistical annex

Average rental price of logistics warehouse


1. Introduction





6. Efficiency

Index

7. Urban logistics


Efficiency

• The intermodal shares presented a global increasing tendency during the economic crisis. However, it is

confirmed that the mentioned increase in the shares responded to a fall in the demand of transport, which

has in fact affected the unimodal chains in the recent years and does not correspond to a flow gain for the

intermodal chains.

• The percentage of empty displacements remains stable around a share of a 40% along the series of study

(2004-2016) and with a decline of a -0,4% in the last biennium (2014-2016). Despite the opportunity that the

economic recession entails in terms of increasing the operative efficiency in the goods transport sector, the high

atomization level of the sector makes difficult to reduce this share.

• In the interval of 2006-2015 the consumption of fuel and the amount of gas and particle emissions

regarding the freight transport have experienced an important decline. For the first time, in this edition, the

total consumption and the unitary (toe/km) have been analysed. In 2015, even though the total kilometres have

increased, there has been a decline of a 0,2% of the emissions about 2014.

• The PLG importance as an automotive fuel has increase significantly since 2006, being multiplied by 8

between 2007 and 2016. Its annual variation is above 27% for this period and its current consumption is 8 ktoe.


17,5% 17,2% 17,2% 17,6% 18,7% 19,1%21,1% 22,7%

25,2% 26,6% 26,9% 25,6% 25,7%

82,5% 82,8% 82,8% 82,4% 81,3% 80,9%78,9% 77,3%

74,8% 73,4% 73,1% 74,4% 74,3%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Qu

ota

de

l tra

nsp

ort

e u

ni-

/in

term

od

al

Cadenas intermodales Cadenas unimodales

63

Intermodal transport share

-1%

-0,2%

+3%

0,5%

• The increase of the intermodal share in the recent years corresponds to a drop in the transport demand,

which has in fact affected more to the unimodal road chains than to flow gains of the intermodal chains.

Source: Elaborated from data of FGC and Renfe


Percentage of empty trips

-1%

• A negative evolution of the total operation numbers, with an annual variation of a -0,7% (2004-2016). From

2013 to the present days the tendency has been inverted.

• Tendency of a reduction in the percentage of empty displacements. Rates bellow 40% in the recent years

(2014-2016). There is a light decline (-0,4%) in the last biennium 2015-16.

Source: Elaborated from data of Eurostat and Ministerio de Fomento

39,6%

53.855

31.954

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

50.000

60.000

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Nu

mb

er

of

op

era

tio

ns

% o

f e

mp

ty o

pe

rati

on

s

% of empty operations Number of operations


27,6%

35,4%40,5%

48,9%

56,7%

27

3031

34

36

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0-50 km 50-100 km 100-150 km 150-400 km >400 km

MA

M (

ton

es

)

Pro

fit

level

(tra

nsp

ort

ed

to

nes / t

ran

sp

ort

cap

acit

y)

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 average MAM of 2006-2015 (tons)

65

Capacity level of use in road transport

-2%

-1%

-1% -1%

-1%

• Global decline of the profit level along the entire series (2006-2016), regarding the heavy vehicles in

Catalonia. Currently (2016), the profit level is located between 28% and 57% depending on the travelled distance.

• The following relation is confirmed: the longer the travelled distance, the higher the profit level. In 2016 the

maximum achieved level is a 57% corresponding to distances >400km.



14,8 15,3 15,916,5

17,2 17,7 18,3 18,9 19,5 19,9 20,2

8,0 8,3 8,5 9,0 9,6 10,1 10,7 11,3 11,8 12,1 12,5

0

5

10

15

20

25

0

100.000

200.000

300.000

400.000

500.000

600.000

700.000

800.000

2006 2007* 2008 2009* 2010 2011* 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Ave

rag

e a

ge

Nu

mb

er

of

tru

ck

s a

nd

va

ns

TOTAL GASOLINE trucks and vans TOTAL GASOIL trucks and vans

AVERAGE AGE GASOLINE trucks and vans AVERAGE AGE GASOIL trucks and vans

*Observation: Linear interpolation between the preceding and the later year

66

Average age of the park of trucks and vans in Catalonia

+3,8%

+3,7%

• General aging tendency. Annual growth (2006-2016) in terms of the average age of a 3,7% in gasoline users for

trucks and vans and about a 3,8% in diesel users for trucks and vans.

• Dominance of diesel motor vehicles regarding the ones with gasoline. They currently represent an amount of

a 88% in 2016.

Source: Elaborated from data of DGT


Goods road transport emissions in Catalonia

-3%Emissions

Annual evolution

(2006-2015)

Evolution (2012-2015)

CO2-3% +1%

PM -5% -1%

NO2-1% +2%

PM 2,5 -4% -1%

NOx-5% -2%

-2%

• Generalized decline in the consumption and the emissions (2006-2015).

Source: Elaborated from data of DGT, Institut Cerdà, EEA and Ministerio de Fomento

0

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

0

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2015

Ten

s o

f to

nes (

NO

x)

To

ns (

PM

, N

O2,

PM

2,5

)

PM emissions (tons)

NO2 emissiosn (tons)

PM 2,5 emissions (tons)

Nox emissions (tens of tons)

0

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2015

Th

ou

san

ds o

f to

ns (

CO

2)

/ T

ho

usan

ds o

f te

ps (

fuel)

Fuel consumption (thousands of toes)

CO2 emissions (thousands of tons)


0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

0,00%

0,04%

0,08%

0,12%

0,16%

0,20%

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

% o

f B

IO

% o

f P

LG

automotive PLG weight in Catalonia % of BIO in automotive gasoil

68

Weight of alternative fuels

Annual evolution in the percentatge of the alternative

fuel consumption (2007-2016)

GLP 31%

Biocombustibles 13%

• PLG: Increase in the consumption of PLG with an annual variation of a 31% (2007-2016).

• BIO in diesel: Fall started in 2013 in the BIO in diesel consumption. In the last biennium (2015-2016) its

consumption has declined in a 22% regarding the previous annuity.

Source: Elaborated from data of ICAEN and CORES


V. EFFICIENCY

Efficiency: Statistical annex

• V.1. – Estimation of the intermodal and unimodal transport development

• V.2. – Transport operation and its empty journeys percentage, by type of operation

• V.3. – Average antiquity of the park of trucks and vans in Catalonia

• V.4. – Gasoline and diesel consumption in Catalonia and Spain

• V.5. – Average antiquity of the park of trucks and vans in Catalonia by provinces

• V.6. – Empty operations percentage by travelled distance

• V.7. – Territorial distribution of the saturation degree of the Catalan importations –

importations by autonomous community

• V.8. – Emissions subjected to the freight transport in Catalonia by travelled distance

• V.9. – Bunkering operations at the State Ports

• V.10. – World fleet propelled by LNG by type and year of commissioning

20,21 19,8821,15

20,24

13,10 12,86 12,9312,10

0

5

10

15

20

25

-

50.000

100.000

150.000

200.000

250.000

300.000

350.000

400.000

450.000

500.000


Ave

rage

age

of

the

tru

cks

and

van

s

Tota

l nu

mb

er

of

tru

cks

and

van

s b

y p

rovi

nce

s

Total of gasoline vans and trucksTotal of diesel vans and trucksAverage age of gasoline vans and trucksAverage age of diesel vans and trucks


1. Introduction





6. Efficiency

Index

7. Urban logistics


Urban logistics

• Transport and mobility in the urban areas has become one of the outstanding subjects of the cities, having to

reconcile the reduction of the use of private transport with the distribution of last mile, analyzed for the first time in

the Observatory.

• The increase of the e-commerce is directly related to the increase of commercial transport in urban areas. In

2016, more than 30% of the Catalan population made an online purchase, 14% more than the previous year. It is

estimated that the total was at least of 38,7 million internet purchase operations.

• The urban freight transport represents about the 21% of the total traffic of the city of Barcelona., representing

435.000 daily displacements the year 2015.

• For the first time a sectorial survey is included to know the point of view of the distributors of the qualitative

tendency of the sector.


Number of e-commerce operations in CataloniaNew

Number of buying operations on the internet

2016 ∆ 15-16

38.707 14%


• There is a substantial growth on the number of times each person buys on the internet the last 3 months,

showing the users’ fidelity to this kind of commerce.

31.000

32.000

33.000

34.000

35.000

36.000

37.000

38.000

39.000

40.000

0

200.000

400.000

600.000

800.000

1.000.000

2015 2016

Nu

mb

er

of

op

era

tio

ns

Pe

op

le w

ho

bu

y o

n t

he

inte

rne

t

1 or 2 times From 3 to 5 times From 6 to 10 times

More than 10 times Number of operations (miles)


0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Dai

ly d

isp

lace

me

nts

Nu

mb

er

of

par

kin

g lo

ts a

nd

ve

hic

les

Daily displacements of private vehicles Daily displacements of freight vehicles

L/D parking lots Vans and truck park

73

Trips share for freight vehicles in BarcelonaNew

Load/Download parking lots in Barcelona

2016 ∆ 14-15

10.319 +2,2%

• The urban freight displacements share through the study series (2008-2015) presents a constant value of 21%.

• The number of daily displacements presents an annual decline of -1%.

-1%

-1%

Source: Elaborated from data of Ajuntament de Barcelona


Tendency sectorial survey: Urban Freight DistributionNew

Night delivery

As a solution to daytime congestion* with the following barriers:

• Ajuntament de Barcelona licenses

• Noise problem

• Conciliation with delivery/reception time

*except for the merchandise of the food and pharmaceutical sector: specific requirements of temperature control and traceability

Load and download parking lots

The main identified problem is associated with the a inappropriate use of drivers (specially the non professional).

Adaptation of the size of the spaces according to the type of package to be distributed

• Small vehicle: covered.

• Heavy vehicles: lack in number of parking lots and in relation to parking time.

AreaDUM APP: Demand for improvements in its use and new features.

• NFC tecnology, voice control, available parking lots...



Sustainable fleet (electric and VNG)

As points that slow down/are dissuasive for its implantation:

• Lack of grants for the renewal of the mobile park for freight transport.

• Insufficient network of supply points for alternative fuels (both NGV and electric)

Feeling of uncertainty regarding the Administration commitment to the future: demand for more defined legislative lines.

Microplatforms

As an effective last-mile distribution model with multiple benefits:

• Make the most of resources, saving costsmore competitive market price

• Decongestion of the volume of vehicles in the city.

• Improvement on the time of provision (more deliveries gathered on the same area).

*except for the companies dedicated to large consumption sector and to the food and pharmaceutical sector: specific requirements for

constant temperature control and traceability opt for the efficiency in terms off planning routes, schedules and vehicles.



Sustainability of the corrent model

Suppression of free shipments to reduce the volume of deliveries at home:

• The user does not agglutinate orders

• High percentage of failed deliveries (no notice in the event of absence in the agreed window)

Divergence of the short-term tendency delivery model (at home/collection points)

• Opt for coexistence between both models (50% surveyed).

• Opt for home delivery: prioritization of comfort and importance in time (25% of respondents).

• Opt for collection at points where the user has to move (25% remaining).

Alignment of the Administration with the logistics operators

Generalized demand for more fluid communication and more channels for dialogue to find solutions and joint aligned responses (need for a

model change).

Concerning the problem from partisan optics.

Demand for normalization and harmonization in the territory: planning regulations globally.


VI. URBAN LOGISTICS

• VI.1. – Number of people according to demographic characteristics and

number of purchases made on-line

• VI.2. – Number of stages of movement of freight vehicles and private

transport

• VI.3. – Sector trend survey: Distribution of goods

Urban logistics: Statistical annex

31.000

32.000

33.000

34.000

35.000

36.000

37.000

38.000

39.000

40.000

0

200.000

400.000

600.000

800.000

1.000.000

2015 2016

Nu

mb

er

of

op

era

tio

ns

Pe

op

le w

ho

bu

y o

n t

he

inte

rne

t

1 or 2 times From 3 to 5 times

From 6 to 10 times More than 10 times

Number of operations (miles)

New

Thank you!

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