The Latin West 1200-1500 AP World History Ch 16 Chapter 16 Topics Rural Growth and Crisis Urban...
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Transcript of The Latin West 1200-1500 AP World History Ch 16 Chapter 16 Topics Rural Growth and Crisis Urban...
The Latin West 1200-1500
AP World History
Ch 16
Chapter 16 Topics
• Rural Growth and Crisis
• Urban Revival
• Learning, Literature and Renaissance
• Political and Military Transformations
Tips for understanding
• Read the introduction to chapter pg. 394
• Review timeline
• Read conclusion page 415
• Read “Environment and Technology” section pg. 406 The Clock
Part 1. Rural Growth and CrisisPart 1. Rural Growth and Crisis
The Latin West
• Western Europeans regarded themselves as “Latin”
• due to their allegiance to the Latin rites of Christianity and to the Pope in Rome.
• Latin was also the language used by their literate members.
The Latin West
• 90% of the western European population was rural during the late Middle Ages.
• The manor system did not create a huge surplus of food.
• Peasants overworked and underpaid by Lords
Three Field Three Field SystemSystem
• Agricultural system used to increase crop yields.
• Crops grown on 2/3 of land.
• 1/3 of farm planted in oats.• Oats replenished the soil
and fed draft animals to help work fields.
• 54 hour week avg. for farmers.
• Population growth leads to new settlements as food production increases.
• Swamps drained forests cleared for farms.
• After 1250 many farming on land with poor soil
• 1315-1317 Great Famine• Due to bad weather and
poor soils.• Starvation widespread in
Europe.• Life expectancy 30-35
years.
Black Death 1347-1351
• Bubonic plague brought to Europe by Genoese )Italian) traders.
Black Death 1347-1351
• Killed 1 out of every 3 western Europeans
Impact of Plague
• Laborers demand higher pay
• Peasant Revolutions
• Increase in per capita income
• Brings about the end of serfdom in western Europe
Social Rebellion
• Wat Tyler in 1381 led English peasants in a revolt in London.
• Demanded an end to serfdom and most kinds of manorial dues (taxes).
• Wanted higher wages and social changes.
• Murdered the archbishop of Canterbury and many officials.
• Serfdom practically disappears.
• The welfare of the rural masses generally improved after the Black Death.
Population Growth
• From 1350-1445 population of Europe doubles to 80 million (about the same as China’s)
• Causes:
• Economic growth
• Warm temperatures
• Few epidemics
• New farming techniques
New Industries
• Water wheels, windmills and mines spring up along rivers.
• Waterwheels • Had long been common
in Islamic societies• Along with windmills
provided power for increased food production and jobs.
Rise of Industry and Cities
• The water wheel provided the power for increased production.
• Wind and water driven mills ground flour and corn.
• The technology had existed in the Islamic world for a century.
• Mill owners soon became very rich men!
End Part 1End Part 1