The Korea University English Magazine

CONTENTS THE KOREA UNIVERSITY ENGLISH MAGAZINE

November 2014 VOL. 460

EDITOR'S LETIER 03

NEWS

IN KU

FEATURE

COVER STORY

PHOTO ESSAY

KU PEOPLE

CAREER

FOREIGN REPORT

ARTS&CULTURE

OPINION

04 KU Refuses University Ranking Evaluation 04 KU Museum Presents Special Exhibition for Yoo Kii-Chun OS KU commemorates Hangul Proclamation Day OS KU-YU Collaborative Cheering Session Successfully Held

06 Better Communication, Better KU 07 The Charming Points of SNS 08 The Robotic Surgery Center, the Symbol of KU's New Tech 10 Administrations without Admittances 12 KU's Construction Seized Upon Opposition 14 KUCC- Wanna Play With Computers?

16 Korea's Fintech Industry: Does Korea Have a Chance? 18 Functional Rice Functions Your Life 20 Mind Reading, No Longer a Fantasy 22 Sky Blue Taxis, Sky Blue Environment

24 Rolling :The Deep Side Of Society- Technology

32 ROBOT and its Future

38 Han Jae Kwon, A Dream Fulfilled Robotics Engineerer

40 lead your Life, lead the World

42 HuiiCoin: Virtual Coins for Social Equality 44 From Followers to Forerunners

48 [FILM) Two Faces of Paranormal Phenomena SO [PERFORMANCE) The Golden Pond, Where love Heals

All Wounds 52 [EXHIBITION) Matrix- the Wonder of Math, the Beauty

of Numbers 54 [BOOK) Escaping the Glass Cage 55 [MUSIC) Feel the Breeze with Julien May

56 Compulsory Software Education Is Not the Solution 57 Can We Really Be Forgotten? 58 Can Night Guards Really Guard People?

59 A Journey to the Graphic World Animpact Korea 2014

EDITOR'S LETTER

N 011 that 11e arc t•ntt•ring :\owmbt•r, man) arc happ) that midterms are mer and are en)O)mg their rest. IIOIICICr, e1cn durmg C\ammatmn 1\l'ek, the (,ramie Tower (GTl staff and reporters had to 11ork extra hard m order to flmsh and com­plete this month's issue. I\ 1th that being said, I would like to sho11 a little appreciation for alltht• current staff as the) ha1 e worked strenuous!) in order to make th1s maganne possible.

I·\ ithout further del<!), this month dealt 111lh issues of Information Technolo1n (I 1'). /\I though the topic llla) seem trite at first, it is "ithout no doubt that technolog) still continues to perl'adc through our daily lives, even in the seconds. GT also had the opportunity to interview llan jae Kwon, the robot doctor who had gained recognition for his appear<lllCl' in the 1\.orl'<lll television sho11, "Radio Star".

With the cold chill) "ind of ''mter approaching, most of us arc sorr) to see autumn go b) so quickl). \\ e hope that you 1111l enjo) what is left of autumn b) reading GT and enjo) i ng cam pus I if!'.

LH Hyf Soo 0814CI.Oto• 0< 1 f he JfdfW~t! ~ {Jl

THE GRANITE TOWER

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EDITORIAL OFFICE n. Gr""'re -· A~ SGa. Seongbo~.gu. ~ KO<N(136·701)

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PUBLISHER KIM BYOUNG·CHUI

FACULTY ADVISER lEE YONG WOOK

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ASSOOATE EDITORS l(angS;ng K Na'll "! ...... HC>KY'J"9.

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SENIOR REPOtiTERS Kim Dong E1 K> .yo IQ. P '' Kyo ng [~A~.

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COVER STORY "

2 4 7 he Crontte r OO'Ier

\

' ,, \\ ' 11\\\ W.l \llll'"-, \It'•

• One of Korea's entertaining TV programs called "The Human Condition c~ people's attention when it was first broadcasted. It deah-with hpw to liv a week wi_thout usin_g or having certain products, services or~oods ~h necessary m human lives and see how people's behaviors change~uring a eek. One of the episodes of "The Human Condition" was to live without TV, the Int net and smartphones for a week. At first, all of the celebrities in the program *ere frustrated because they are essential to their daily lives.

By Kim Hyoun Jung (dooli 19940korea.ac.kr , Kim Dong Eun (mlkkola@korea.ac.kr) BR\..

COVER STORY

L "The lluman Condition", celebnllcs became comfortable to lh·e without an} of those products after fe\\ da} s. Looking at ho'' the celebrities' bchanors change, it seemed not to create much difficulties or obstacles that hinder their lives. Through the episode, people will empathize that they arc too much dependent on and addicted to TV, the Internet and smartphones that they do not realize how those products arc influencing their li\es.

As such, development of technology do not only affect indh·iduals' lives but also have an impact on the socict} as a \\hole. It has long bt'cn t'Stablished that tt'chnolog} has brought drastic changes but still, people seem to be awed at its innucnce that it bnngs. Technology related with computers and the digital media sector seem to ha' c the most significant impact on society as they are closely integrated in people's lives. The transition from the digital divide to the mobile divide and alterations in education as well as in art arc the main changes that are occurring in contemporary society.

Status Quo Of Digital Divide It was not long ago that the term "digital di\ide" became a hot potato in contcmporar} societ}. The term ''as used to describe the gaps between people in terms of possession of computers and the abilit} to utili·/c the Internet a few decades ago. Once the Internet and computers were accessible to the public, there were people who were not only surprised by its usefulness but also perplexed by not knowing how to usc them. Such division was also observed between developing and developed countries.

To reduce the gap, the Korean government carried out the Sil,ernet Movement m 2000, which helped the elderly become familiar '' ith the use of computers and the Internet. In addition to that, the government planned to tram I 00,000 young adults and middle-aged people in order to foster experts in the IT sector. At the international level, Nicholas Ncgroponte, the head of MIT Media Lab,

distributed computers to developing countncs for about S 100 per computer so that the de' clopmg countries ''ould be more exposed to up-to-date tcchnolog} and it was carried out for about six years.

These efforts reduced the digital divide significantly. In the case of Korea, 75.2 percent of people now possess computers and know how to usc them according to the National Information Socict}' Agcnc} (NIA) 2013 statistics. Therefore, the digital diYidc in Korea is now most!}' rcsoh·cd because 75.2 percent is considered a saturation level. This is a significant development cons•dcring the fact that onl} 45 percent of the people possessed computers in 2004.

The mitigat•on of the digital dh ide m the first place seemed quite d1fficult because computers and wired Internet were too sensational "hen it was introduced. Thanks to proper policies that targeted specific groups of people that were less exposed, the digital divide was resolved within few decades. As society as a whole moves toward even higher IT and technology expectations, society is preparing for the next generation of technology by learning from past experiences.

Is It Then The End Of Any Digital Divide? Some might ask, "If the gap of the digital eli\ ide were reduced, would any other forms of digital divide exist in contemporary society?". The answer is yes. Since the advent of smartphoncs, there have been new digital divides like the "mobile divide". It was sensational when smartphoncs were introduced to the public. No one thought that accessing the Internet with a phone could be possible. The gap of the current mobile d•' ide IS

about to be enlarged. The main difference between the digital

dhide and the mobile dhide is that the latter accommodates comprehensive aspects of socict}. Professor Lee \\on Jun (College of Information and Communication) explained, "When we talked about the digital divide, there were only two related subjects, computers and the wired Internet. So, we referred to it as the uni-digital divide. llowcvcr, in the case of the mobile divide, wired Internet, wireless Internet and the integration of various aspects of socict} such as Social Nct"orkmg Service (SNS) and communication arc included. That's '' h} it is described as the multi-digital divide."

O\\ that smartphones are portable, social participation and communication become more convenient and acthc. Consequently, anyone who cannot utilize smartphones have higher tendency

to fall bchmd societal norms of participatmg m social mtcraction, commumcation and poht1cs. Taking such charactcnstlcs of smartphones into account, the measure used to calculate the gap between the public and marginalized pcoph.' has changed.

This measure is called Digital Divide Index (001). There arc three categories : accessibility, capabil ity and application. Accessibility refers to the possession of computers or smartphones. The capabilit} catcgor}' measures people's abilit} to usc computers' or smartphones' simple funcllons. The application categoq anal} zcs "hetht•r indh iduals who O\\ n computers or smartphonrs are able to cxerc•sc a Yarict} of actinlics such as networkmg, soc1al communication and cconom1c acthit}.

In the case of the digital divide, a greater portion of the percentage was allocated to the application category when calculating DOL However, with the mobile divide, there is an equal emphasis betwN~n capability and app lication categories. Professor Lee said, "Seeing such change in calculating the index, it can be seen that marginalized people have more difficulties in using smartphoncs' functions rather than mere I} ov. ning a smart phone. Since there arc m} riads of acthitics that people can do ''ith smart phones than '' ith computers, simp!} kno" mg ho" to perform fc'' functions "llh a smartphonc is not enough."

How To Tackle Mobile Divide When it comes to division, there arc gaps among different groups of people as well as gaps \\lthin a certain group. It is cas} to O\Crlook the fact that there arc mobile di\ ide within a certain group but such a eli\ 1dc IS important to soh c mobile d•' •de. In the case of the marginah.led group in J...orca, there arc four subgroups : the disabled, lo\\ income, farmers and fisherman and the elderl}. The NIA reported that lov.-incomc people have a higher capability index than other people of the marginalized group.

What might be a creat ive so lu tion for the mobile divide is infusing knowledge regarding smart phones to people who do not ov. n computers. The} might be more willing to accept ne" tcchnolog}. Professor Lee stated, "People who own computers and kno'' ho" to usc them efficient!} might be more reluctant to absorb new information about smartphones. It makes them feel more complicated and is tiring. Ho" C\ cr, people who do not 0\\0 computers \~ill be more interested in smartphoncs since it is their f1rst time encountering up-to-date technolog}."

If proper implementation of policies and aids arc exercised to reduce the mobile divide, the gap of the mobile divide will definitely be reduced. The government is hold ing an IT competition in which citizens of all ages compete by using computers or smartphoncs. Also, the government is hosting mentoring sessions and scmmars for the elderly and adolescents promoling the application abilit} of I r-relatcd gadgets and hopefully fostering c:-..pcrts in the future.

The reduction in the gap will not have an immediate effect but is a long-term phenomenon "llh the results rc' calcd slow I}. Professor Lee added, "I believe the mobile eli\ ide ''ill be reduced somehow in the future as digital divide is now compared to few decades ago. llowcvcr, there will be a new paradigm appearing at the point when mobile divide is at saturation level. just Like when digital divide was mostly resolved, mobile divide emerged."

\\hat Would Be The Next ; Internet of Things (lolj In a few decades "hen the mobile divide is

reduced, there "ill be a ne'' paradigm, loT. loT refers to the infrastructure in "hich all objects arc connected with the Internet so that the} can share information v.ith other objt'cts or humans and communicate together. An interesting feature about loT is that it forms a connection beyond human to human relationships because it further creates links between objects.

One of the examples of loT is that it allows people to sec their homes with smartphoncs "hen the} arc in remote places. This is possible because a camera that 1s attached to a robot 'acuum is linked \\ilh smart phones. Another example is putting micro-ch1ps m sneakers so that "hen jogging, the jogger can count how man} calories are burnt and ho" long the} haYe run. It is estimated that there "Ill be about 2.6 billion loT objects b} 2020. Professor Lee said, "When loT becomes more prc\'alcnt in the future, its impact

COVER STORY

will be more Significant than smartphones. What we have experienced until no'' will be just the tip of an iceberg. There might be more tremendous consequences of loT and the gaps among different groups of people ''ould be much more extended than the mobile d1\ ide."

E'en though Korea is no\\ ada} s attempting to reduce the mobile dl\ ide currently, it is more important to sec the forest than the trees. It does not mean that \\hen the mobile divide is rcsohed Korea "ill become a IT leader. The original paradigm, if grasped, "ill shift in the future with the ad,ent of loT. It would be wiser to be prepared for the new paradigm step b} step b} focusing on solving the mobile divide.

Whenever a new paradigm of technology is introduced to society, there seems to be two big alterations that arc taking place. One can be seen easily such as the digital divide or mobile divide that happens when the technology itself is simply dividing the whole into groups. The other is implicitly fused into society. People's behaviors,

perceptions and attitudes start to change slowly as more and more people become familiar \\ ith the up-to-date technolog}.

New Technology , New Education Along '' ith the mobile gap, the ad,·anccmcnt of technology has brought other implicit changes that are often hard to recognite "ithout attention. Although people are often impasshe to the changes brought b} the technology, these transformations bring more significant results than the public can imagine. Education is one part of our lives that rna} be most affected by the technology. As education slowly becomes fused with the avant-gardc technology, the fundamental definition of education may also change in the future.

"The shift in education due the advancement of technology can most clearly be seen with three main characteristics in recent educat ion: increased opportunity, ubiquitous education and sharing education" said Yongjin Lee (Center for Teaching and Learning). These three characteristic arc all interrelated. owadays, C\ en the students in rural areas can get educated if the} have access to the internel. This further suggests that ubiquitous education is made possible b} the ad\ anccmcnt of technolog}. B} Ubiqullous Lducauon, Lee means that unlike before, people can collect information \\ithout restraints. Educat1on IS no longer limited to ph} sica! locations or limcl} limits. Finall}. with the ubiquJt} and opportunity, sharing of information and education in different parts of the world has mcrcased.

owadays, we can casil} sec students watch TED talks or other education -related videos online. High school courses and even college are taught on the Internet. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University have created online based education system in 2012 called EdX. According to their websitcs EdX "is a non-profit created by the founding partners at Harvard and MIT whose mission is to bring

the best of higher education to students of all ages anywhere in the world, wherever there

is Internet access. EdX's free online MOOCs arc interactive and subjects include computer science, public health, and artific1al intelligence," With EdX, an} one that has access to the Internet can receive college courses online.

SimHarl} m J...orca, there arc

many colleges that pro' ide courses online. J...U has also established cyber education s} stem \\ hich began in 2001. As the education system developed, it became a q bcr-collcgc m 2008, and became the C}ber Unhersit} of J...orca m 2012. Since then, it has tried to add different courses for students to learn through C} bcr space.

"Combining the ofnme educatiOn and the onhne education is referred as the Blended-l.earnmg," said Lee. According to Professor Lee. the recent implementation of Blackboard S} stem b} KU could also help to facilitate blended learning. The KU Center for Teaching and Learning (CTL) has opened '' orkshops for 1 he professors and students in an effort to implement Blackboard. Although the main purpose of Blackboard Itself is not entirely for blended learning, it shows that blended learning is becoming mor{' approachable due to the changing school systems. This higher education available on the internet raises the crucial question whether ofninc education will be

needed in the future.

Future Education Information technolog} has made it available for people all around the world to retam astronomical amounts of information JUSt "ithin seconds. Although it seems like offhne education 1s no longer needed due to online tcchnolog}, it seems unlike!} that on I} online education "ill cx1st in the future. "Education is not onl) about pro' iding information to the students," said Lee. Although there is abundant information available on the web, it does not take away the role of instructors. In fact, Lee argued that the role of the facilitators will become even more important.

Future education will be more centered on fostering leaders with the ability to choose wisely the data from the internet and apply it to different situations. These leaders need to be both creative and decisive in approaching d ifferent problems. In order to nurture these leaders, the instructors will also have to provide diverse information and teach the students to analyze the data from different angles. In order to teach the students how to collect and apply the cxistmg information with efficiency, the instructors will be required to have increased professionalism in teaching.

Change Technology, Changing Art Another easil} neglected, ret Inseparable dc\clopment in technolog} that is bcginmng to affect culture is art. In fact, art and culture arc most heavily affected by technology, as the} often reflect and S}IJ11bolize the era. Art and culture arc the direct result of our lh·ing styles and society's values that most directly represent society. Art and culture arc often transformed and shaped by the era's characteristics, and nowadays art and culture are defined by its approachability and speed.

For artists or creators of al'l works, the technology has altered the fundamenta l definition of the artist. "In the past, a common prototype of an artist was someone that bears the imprint of genius," said Lee. These genius often worked alone in order to make masterpieces that people studied deeply. Mozart, Bee thO\ en, and Picasso were common examples of true artists from the past. owadays, howe,er, an mdl\ idual can easil} become an artist. The term artist changed from an individual to a "group" term, "here no one is exceptional. Anyone can make their own artwork, and post it on the internet so that the} can share

COVER STORY

it with the public. The most common example of this would be

taking photographs. Before cameras came into wide usc, onl) a selected group of people that mmed cameras and learnt how to usc them were able to create art. Currently, most cell phones have cameras with a\·ant-garde technology and additional functions ~\ llh htgh quality fillers. Programs such as lnstagram further enables the indi\·idual artists to casil) share their art works. Other than photograph), smgers often post their music on 'I ouTube and \Hitcrs post their works on their own blogs.

A well known korean smger, Ailee was also once an ordinar) indl\ tdual artist who posted her works on You tube. She first became kno'' n on the 'I ouTubc 'tdeo "llcro", a co' cr of Mariah Care). ller video ''as Yiewed b} O\ cr three million people, and she achieved fame afterwards. Thus, individual artists can casil) make their own works and share it with the public without going through the complicated process as in the past.

The influx of artists has produced a higher number of art works. The variety of the art works has also increased, as more diverse individuals approach art from a different angle. According to Lee, the purpose of art itself also became more of an entertainment for increasing number of people. In the past, many art works had to be studied thoroughly, as they contamed deep meaning that could not be deciphered unless audience paid particular attention. 'I oda) mcreasing number of art is becoming fun and fast. Majority of the people arc no longer willing to spend long time on one art piece. Rather, the) would like to enjoy art works \\lth a lighthearted manner.

There arc, howc,er, ine,itablc side effects that

come from art in modrrn limes. Man) an critics belie\'e that technolog) IS going to destroy, and produce simpler and frh olous art works. "A common characteristic of technolog) is its fast pace. Culture, howc,er, IS the opposite. It should be built on the past and be appreciated with ttme" said Lee. If we tr) to approach art works onl) with fast pace and qu1ck changes, it seems like characteristics of technolog), are nola ling the \eT) nature of art and culture.

In order to stop this from happening, according to Lee, educators need to pronde educauon about art and culture to the pubhc. Pubhc w11l have to learn to appreciate art "orks from all angles, including both hcav) topics and lighthearted art works. Without these efforts, the past arts will be forgotten, and the) will turn into nothing more than simple entertainment.

Although the soc1cty is shifting and some of their unique features arc also affected by IT and technology, it is only natural. As society develops, change is inevitable. In particular, the mobile divide. Not to be overlooked, of course, arc the cultural and educational changes because they arc inevitable since these factors are closely related to

our daily lives. In particular, culture has been the crux that has been evohing constant!).

Culture is ever-changmg and 1s formed b) its shape based on the era and em ironment. Technology has infiltrated culture and is creating phenomenal changes. Education, on the other hand, needs to e,·oh e so that it w JJI teach the

people to adapt to the fast changing em ironment. Although there is no need to worry, since change is a natural phenomenon, societ) will ha\C to be cautious about how to usc IT for its O\\ n benefit. Depending on how people usc technolog), the) can either change for the better, or dctenorate. (J