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THE JOURNAL OF THE

AUSTRALIAN

CENTRE FOR UFO STUDIES

Published by: The Australian Centre for UFO Studies P .0. Box 546 Gosford, N S W 2250 Australia

Registered for posting as a Publication - Category B

THE JOURN AL OF THE AUSTR ALIAN CENTRE FOR UFO ST UDIES -Volume 1, Number 4.

8.�fl.':JSt_l_g§Q_� (c) No part of this publica�ion· may be reproduced without prior written consent of ACUFOS, except for· UFO organisations� Cr�·qit must ·be ·given.

L N 0 E X

Item ..

Editorial ·' ' . .

�uthor·

H. Griesberg & K. Ba�t�rfield Why are most huma_.noids · small? 0 A J s t • • . eargen

Mental Communic�tions and Psychological Disturbanc�s Pt.2 Ma�k Moravec

' .·

The Bermuda Triangle: A· .Statistical Analysis with reference to possible UFO correlati�ns. John Prytz

Deficiencies �n . the Hypnopompic Hypnagogic Model t6·Explain UFO Experiences at Close Range V. J. Ballesteru·Olmos.

Megalithic Mar. vels 0 A J s t • • • eargen

ACUFOS Bibliog��ph� Service

AUSTRAL IP.N YF.O :r.REPOR TS ·

John Prytz.

Pagese

1-2.

2-

2 -6

6-12

12-13

13-14

14-16

17.

Ed:i.tor ial o by. H. Griesberg & K. Basterfield.

Ove1: 1 :1e ·.last. te:·. yea::-s or so, Aust:t·alian UFO re:seat:.ch gr<;:>ups have seen a g�ad�al G:JVe.: fr-o:il large s t�tic societies with surrounding "trappings towards research organisations with a s��eamlined structure. UFO Research (S A) was the first,establi�hed organisatibn to functi�n in· this way, having initiated the syster in-:1974 ... With tjme, other organise1tions followed their styl,e, and today� 'o\lt:. s.f. the, "larger o:-gan�.soticns o11ly, UFOR (QLD) and V U FORS now opera�e outside €��$'system�

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The;e has· r�centii bee� some:comment hirculating am6�gsf various people a:r.ou6d the COL!:: try as· to ulhether· this 11 in\)estigation team" approach is WCH;king successfully. We �a�e sought people's �iews on this issue ov�r· the las� t�elve months and the cc�ser.sus op�=:iion is that indeed it is the best suited . to "our situation of part-t{me, voluntee� organisations.

·

Opinions also vary on the questio� of a cause for th� phenomeha, the direct.·ion in which we should be coll�ctively going and of course. holi? ·.:"to ·go about· 'it.

However' most people agree that investigatiOf! and research ' should .be an cngoing concern, with very few commiting themselves to a definate. sta�� on the cause of the phenomena, considering · �hat. there are many avenues-�o . be persued before all the evidence is in.

Of surprise to some,- especially sceptics who see UFO groups as "little green men" fa(latics, would be the fact· that most indiv ;i.dual Australian researchers and UFO organisations do not have a concrete stand_ on a cause.

· Td · put it another way the majority do not · say that the answer is the "extr.?­terre�tria·l Kypothesis", or "inte:.:--dimensional" or "time-travel", but that an ���n m�nd ·ne�d� to �v�lu�te all the available evidenceo

For th:i.s reason,· and in o:;:-der ·to tread a careful line be .. tl:iieen· the ·lunati,c fringe and fhe profes�ional scientist we should not, nay must not mak� any public statements whi. eh in form people we have closed qL:Jr �inds -and de.cided, based on insuffisi ent ev {dence.. ·.i.

� ..

( 2 )

ACUFOS itself does not make any concrete statements as to the cause of the pllellomena as j �� respects the thoughts of the major-ity of its consultants and member organisations.

There ape U�O organisaticns within Australia who have decided as to the cause of the p�enomcna and promote their viBws with a public voice. This is their democratic right of freedom of choicea However, once having done this, there is no �eason for their lack of active co-operation with those who have not yet so arrived at a conclusion. It would appear that this could only be due to a fear that their conclusion rests on sandy ground �nd that public debate may well reveal them wrong.

We would like to again7 in public (as we have previously d011e in private ccmmunications) ask that these organisations reconsider their unilateral un co-operativeness, and that if they have co�crete evidence that UFOs are extra�terrestrial or otherwise that they produce it or �dmit they are· incorrect and rejoin the rest of us in a co-operative spirit

why are most humanoids Small? by D. A. J. Seargent. - --------·-----·--.::: ...... . __ .. ____ -�-

The answer· -:o tt,.is question wi.ll, of course, depend upon just what humanoids AR E - which will depend upon the answer to another question viz. "What are U FOs ?"

The two most pcp�iab a�swe�s at the moment are the ETI and the ����nhysical hypotheses (The most popular form of the latter is probably the t-Jaraphysical projection h�·pothesis or PP, and this will be the one discussed :le:- c;) •

On the ETI, srnall ·beir.gs p:c·obably irr.tJlY thot the ho;ne_pla:let is rather. more massive tha� the ea�th. Beings fro� such a planet �ust 1ind the gravit� · of earth ur.naturclly weak (just as cur astro�auts found the grav�ty of the moon to be weak) and they will be able to pe�form jumping feats beyond anything they cowld accc..:-::;-15.sh at .. ho:n2o . Thus1 ea ... e of movement will be one of their most memo=�ble experiencos �f ca�th.

On the othE"=' hand, lower gravity means thii1ner atmosphere and it is doubtful if they would be able; to breathe our air·without special equipment. Probably they �ould need space-s�its .a8· w�ll, as low pressu�e would quickly �ead �o rupture of blood vessels etc, . ·

If the P P is the correct,_ hypoth�sis, the answer to our question may lie in a curious fact pointed out· by Lethbridge in his book GHOST · AND GHOUL viz. that psychics tend to see thei:-:- "v isio,,s" as diminutive "pictures" and, if these are projected onto the world as quasi�material objects, such objects w=uld naturally be small3 Lethbrjdge used this to explain the belief that

1 fairies" are small - a myth which s'eems common to all cultures. · (That "fairies" are simply U FOnauts of a fo:-mer age is a popu lat �elie f among fo·-r:�·owers of the P P) .

Incidentally, the UFO dwarfs -�enerally seem to be a hostile : iot - very

different from the (not so common} larger UFO beings. Could this. �e (assuming the P P) a result of our experience with animals - viz� small animals are seen as being more pugnacious than large unes? In other�words, if we project images of small beings into the world7 may we not .also project the right personality befitting these small beings?

�1ental Cc;nmunications and Psychological Oisturbanc'-e (Pa·�-t-2 - continued from last issue) . ,

.ea� 4: Mrs. D. claims to have had five UFO sightings. In the first sighting, the reporter got up from bed when she henrd neighbourhoog dogs barking. She heard a soft, low pitched humming sourd, looked outside and saw a large silvery­white, cigar-shaped object facing three smaller cigar-shaped objects, all at a high altitude .. Bluish-silver "sparks" ema�ated from one cigar while the

; ..-, :. ;( 3)

. .... c:

. ;· .. largest cigar appearecfto "ch'.!ddc::-:-11_� The ·t"_.;t:�e�2 ·WIJke :heD YSJUng gr$1"\d.,daughter who, upon being shtlwn lhe lights in the sky," _became frightened. a_nd ratl into anothe::- room. The objects w:er·e viewed· for d ver an hDur --and _then the witness tried to get some sJ,eep.;t·rhe· following. afterncron, the witnesses .alleg_edly·· bec�me ill, vomited' ·ahd ·had recurring· headat-�es. MI's. o. later discLs'sed _ the sighting with her relatives. Strangely, her daughter-in-law was als� allegedly to experience the same physiological symptoms!

The seconcl.'sighti_ng occu�ed one . night at 4 am. An orange-colouted

11 flying saucer" With. bla_ck sections O:r 11-WindOW$11 was seen for 20 minutes by Mrs. D. and her daugh�er-in-l�w · (the latter allegedl� becoming ill as det�iled above) . After the:�·oP,j,�ct ier'-t, Mrs. D. ·.felt "-a� -if _t had lost a friend" ·. · · In the third sighting.�JM�$: Q• saw a vague., .�ark shap�· ov�r the telegraph wif�s at 1. 30 am. In the fourth·.,sfghting, she saw a white, dinner-plate shaped .. · · object in motion for 1 5 m��Utei while ai passenger in a car. The object · disappeared from view before anyone else co·uld witness it'�-- Mrs. D' s fi f.th ·

sighting was of a triangular object, multi-coloured� �hich �ppeared tQ �ov� towards a plane.. .,

Apart from these sightings, Mrs. D. has experienced hallucinations of "letters" in the skyo Onpe, she was standing at a bus_' stop· and s·aw brown­coloured "initials" ("-S"·:iand " P") which app·ear·ed to come out of· a cloud. No one at the bus stop gave any indication of having �een the same �hing. Another time, Mrs. o. was travelling in a car with her family when she again saw some letters in the sky� However, . the others in the car ridiculed her and claimed there- was nothing t6J�e seen� The �eporter also claims to have had two visions of Christ in a neig��bourhood church. The apparitional �igure, which­appeared to carry a goblet, walked up to ,her·, said "drink this for my sake",-and then glided away and disappeared. M�s. 0. had tears running down her face during these experiences� She was the only witness to these visions. Several times Mrs. 0 . has received mental communications whilst engaged in routine activiti�s· ·s�6h as. ·doing the washing or watching television.· In one incidenty a male "voice" �-t-�t'eci·:· ·11U1� ·are ·peacefu_l� • • Seek and you will find. You have not lived on our machines but have _ visited ten �inutes as condi���n. were unsuitable" You contac.ted a 1 mothalin 1 'from a white cloud. Many··' people · from 1 Asperio1 are from Japan; England a few; and Australia 12 5. While on esrth .. we seek, we have ways of communicatingo A message will be transcended very shortly. 2 5 men will be transp�rted shortly. We think this man tr�hs�o�ts� Confide in no one except self-seeing humans. In contact with human who speaks foreign tongueo Do not touch. Evade is left eyes. We ·use eyes ,f

.or' tr'ansmission.

Left hand straight with thumb up. Cuticle of utmost importance. Keep eyes clean. Protect_ cpl�urs: green, amber7 blue good. "

The messgaes appea� t�' c6n�ist . of images- and words not necessarily connected in logica-l 81eque._nce '; a'nd the overalJ,. .tone of the passages is emotion­less and "mec-hanic.al" • . lhe abqve messa·ge w_as"'"accompariied by vision of trees, large red flowers, a buiiding ·and a black shiny pond ·all in the one scene. Mrso D. is not $Ure whether the messages come to her in � psychic way from UFO intelligences or from h'er' own mihd. I woul� suggest the latter. The "communicat­ors" provide a comfort and reassurance which Mrs. D. fails· to find in ordinary living. By receiving these mess���� she has beco�e � focus of attention and gained th� feeling of being an impoitant person. The reporter claims to ·have . . a psychic ·bgckground ·as a medium. and has all.egedly accom�iished feats of levitation7 healing by prayer, the sending of telepathic messages and the production of ectoplasm. Several times she has sudden�y started speaking phrases in a "language" that no one

.has been aple to identify

(so-called "'spea-king .i'n tongues'') . She believes her home has become infes·t·ed· with mice, cockroache�� tarantulas, etc. A woman. told her that it was· .a test by God.

·

How do we evalua.t�· these bizzare claims? On initial examiri�tion; .. ·Mrs. ·.ois UFO sightings appear io be fairly detailed and specific. However, ·at least some sightings may be misidentifications of pla��tary objects (for exa�ple, the light which was viewed for over an hour) and subjective exaggerations of ambiguous stimuli (the "dark shape" over the telegraph lines) . The claimed

( 4) physiological effects may ha·Je been :·-,��·��r:-nd �y fear rather than any strange UFO influence. It is also possible that the single wi tnes_s. sightings were hallucinatory - especial).y since Mrs. o.· has experienced; a variety of other

. _ hal_lucinat-iCJns·. The· reporter 1 s obse:t;'vations of "letters" in the sky and visions . of-�hrist-ate clearly hallucinatory since other people present failed to ,�bserve anything unusuai. Likewise, her mental communicati�ns '��e most likely auditory hallucinations· incorporating her subconscio�� fears and ideas from 4f0 and psychic lore. She appears to hold the delusional belief that her house has · . . been purpo-sely infested with bugs and pests. Her instances. of loose associations (the mental messa�ss) and of fragm�nted/in�oherent speech -(ttte �'speaking in tongues") are typical of the disturbances. in thought which can·be found in psychoses.

·There are a number of factors which ·appear to have contributed to the reporter's psychological disturbance. She is aged 65, _lives alone and is very isolated. Her poetry reveals an intense Lo��lines�. She readily admits that

· life is going too slow for her and that �he is not involved �nough. She is d�vorced and im�igrated to Australia som� .. l� yea�s· ago. Apparently a number of years' ago, Mrs. 0 . underwent a period of �mnesia following th� death of a very . ciose friend. There is evidenne of marked conflict and tension between herself and some members of her family • . Her mystical background has provided her·�ith ample raw ·material for delusion�o

, : Fr-om :�the · above case studies, we cah draw out a number of common factors which are· "warning signs." that may point· to a psychologically disturbed individual.-.Tirstly7 if we look at the actual EXPER IENCES repor.ted, the following experiences are consistent with an evaluation of psychological disturbance: •'-·· . .

*delusions (particularly paranoid ·b�liefs) * hallucinations (such as "voices" and unpleasant smells) .

*:distorteq self image (body "cont-aminated"; body falling apart) .* bi'zzare, or illogi.cal associations in thought and speech *autism (retreat from reality into a fantasy worl�)

.tvagueness and low weight of UFO reports *single witness_stat�s bf experiences

Secondly, there are a number of witness background factors which can contr�bute t6 a ��storbed psychologicsl state:

*personal crises ( such as divorce or death ) *isolation·

�new settler (im�i�rant) *old age

*history of nervous/mental breakdowns . *difficulty in personal relationsh�ps *unstable work history *weLl �ead in UFO and psychic lore

· Current 6onvention divides psychological disturbances into two major categories:. psychoses and neuroses. Neu� can involve: (1)· worry, tension and distractability - indicants of excessive fear (�) excessiv�· forgetting, obsessi�e thoughts and com�ulsive rituals - sel-defeating · . attempts to cope with fear situations (3) depression and fatigue - psychological residuals of prolonged tensi'on Psychoses can feature: (1) �allucinations - disturbances in pe�ceiving reality (Z) delusions � disturbances in interpreting reality (3) l�ose associations, fragmented and incoherent speech - disturbances of thought (4) prolonged�melancholy or elation - disturbances of mood ( 5 ) isdiation �n� ·withdrawal from othe�s - disturbances in personal interaction.

(Suss, 1966, p.31) It has been said that the neurotic dreams in an unreal way about l�fe whereas the. psychotic li�es life in an unreal dream. Using the above classific�tion system, the peoplif d����ssed in the case· studies would be consid�red to · be displaying psychotic �ehaviour.

Each of these two major categories can be further subdivided. Paranoid

( 5)

schizophrenia (featuring paranoid delusions) is �onsidered to be a psychosis It has to �� stressed that these theoretical distinctions are inexact and .controVorsi�l · Ther·e can, in fact, be considerable overlap in behaviours·· between categories· .. Also, a "br.eakdown" and the accompanying behaviour changes may only be temporaryo Another point requiring emphasis is that we are not dealing with an organic "illness". There is no mysterious "insanity. virus" floating about� On the basis of current psychological know�edge, psychoses can most reasonably be viGwed as the result of many interacting factors - cultural, interpersonal, learning, biological and cognitive. That person, who may be biologically or developmentally predisposed to respond in a schizophrenic way, may have a breakdown if he experiences sufficiently great environmental streses or criseso Further research is required to determine the•relative influences of all these factors.

The.·�fine between: "normal" ·and· ·"abnormal.'.'· behaviour can be extr.emely fine depending on tfi ·e · s'ituation or the·: cultural ctmtext • . Is the man i:u.ho .J<neels 'down' . .. · next' to . hi? b,!? ·d._ and ptat-ts talking to· ·himself mad, ·or is he praying � A wi·�_ness . . · does not hav·e to' be psychologically· distu.rb·ed .. .t·o be able to put a� e�-o.�ic interpretation on his experiences. FGt · · instance, people w�o are 'ieligiqusly� inclined can· find grent sigrri ficance·· in their UFO experie,nces:

·

. · ·�: · ... · :. · · ·- , ( . . . ::.': ,

Ca�·e �'i5tr:Mr.;1 ·[ Ji; ··-wasi · dr;iving home when' he .. rs.a� ·? .. very bright, silver_;�hit·e; . · · cigAr ···shap�d obj ec·t ·or light source, sta:tion·ary 'in the .. sky • No: sound was· det:ected and the object wa.s· seen for about 30 seconds. The rep·orter .- also:··felt.:.·that · definite "feelings" had been "transmitted" from the object: "It wasn't agressive, and it wasn·H;' · afraid - it was just sitting there as if it were a part of the sky, a part of.'the scheme of thinQE?-; a part' of nature, and it was such a. natu��l:pa�t of,th& sky, that othe� peopl� prob�bly �ould not have notited . . it. It seemed t.o' ,know how to be a p�rt of th-� 1.Uhiy.et ·�e, ·and \hasn't concer1;1ed �hat we th1nk.ofri·t."o It was an expg:pience 'w}-li'ch I think 'few·:p•eople wou·ld.associate with as.!. tt was some.thing whi�h-.. h�·ppe�e·d to me alone (see.ml·ngly only a ve-ry · .: . short i nc·ident, but has had a falrly great impact on my ·understanding of man's existenc� on earth and. his .relationship with God)." Soon after the sighting, Mr. E became suddenly aware .of what an 11 �xtraordinary beautiful clear day it was". He said that the "sky was the blue.s't he had e�er seen .. befo

.re" and felt sure

that these very strong feelings and the beauty of the day were relevant. "Without El doubt this day was extremely 'spiritual'."

· '

. , tn �this cas� , the sig'hting s�im.Wl!J.f?_ Gs>tJld easily have·· be eh ... a · distant balloon or aircraft. The w . .i.tn.e.s.s has_ :.s..:tr:or�_g

. r.e'i.i'g .. ious corivict'ions · .. . a'rl'ct·: tnis ·led

to a religious interpret�tion being placed upon a mundane event. It wa� a·way of confirming his own desire . t.ci J1eliev. c; in �" God", and of being a privileged witness to one oh "his" manifestations. lhe existencG. of �FO-re lated "mental communication" cases raises several issues� One issue is -what comes first: �ne·psychosis or the U FO. experience? I have Elrgued in the case studies presented, that personal difficulties have contributed to a psychologi-cal ·distt:Jrb.anct? an.d .tho.t� i;:.t)�--�·D�.�vidual has merely incorporated UFO and p s yc hic lore in his delusionso An altern�tive · view�oiMf-is that a · traumati6 UFO experi�nce can·'trigger off a psychotic reaction in �hs irrdividuale For this latter hypothesis tci �ave any support, I would suggest that at least three conditions ara necessary: (a) the witness 'has experienced ·a· trauma-tic U'FO experience (b) thi.s, UFO exp.eriehc� ha� not been oVershadowed by personal crises, and (c) the· disturbs'� psycho'logical ·s tat I? (':an d.·.accompan ying · behav io�r) .clearly

began AFTE� the ·uFO experlence. · . ·: , . · . None of the case� which I have .�xamin ed satisfy these criteria� ·: · .·

.. · A �� thqre .�ny cases of mental 6ommunication which cannot be explained as simply due tp a �sychological disturba�ce? Further research is required to give a .defin'iti've answer · to this questi-ono However there do exist a number ·of provocativ�,cdses which are difficult to dismiss. In the Frankston, Uict�ria case of .l97i: (�agee 1972), Mrs.· Puddy had several detailed enco_unters with UFOs, . mental com��nication contacts and' apparition experiences.· However, this was Df')ly a single witness · case. The 1968 French case of Or.· ' 'X' ' (Michel 1969) is one of the most. extensively documented 'cas·es of psiufological p

.henomena on

.. ·,

.i

(6)

xecord � I n t his c ase, t he c ent ral w it n ess rec eiv ed m ent a l c ommun ica tions an d expe rien c ed a w id e v a riet y o f paranorm �l events s ub s eq u ent t o a deta il ed U FO o bs erv a t io n . E v e n in t he contin u ing cas e nf Dro And rija P u ha rich (Holroyd 1979), w hils t t he commun io3t ions rec eiv ed v ia m ed iums w ere most p ro ba b l y express ions of s ub c ons c io us fan t asies. , -so m e a pparently . g"Snuine par-ano rma.l ev ent_s .. . .. ( p o l t erg eis t - l ik e e f fects and t elepat hy ) ·d id tak e p lac ei I n t hes e cas es , w hilst . t he mental commu hica t io ns c an s til l . be inte rpret e4- as de lusio ��l , thes � s ub je c t iv e experien ces m a y hav e b .een t rigg ered o ff... b y . a g en u ine UFO experienc e •.

T hus t he " m ixt u re hypot hesis u s �ees t hes e cases . to be a -com bin a t ion of . . o bject i�e, inexp licab le U FO/pa ran cir'mal e 1./ent s. and s u bject ive :p s y c ho logical d el u s ions .

What a re t he imp lica·t;ions. e f . meht·a'l. pommuhicat �on cas es ? At the m ost , t hey im ply t hat some human 'b si'ng s ·ca n . commun ic;ate d :i;1':'act l y wi t h._,·a lie� . . in t e l l ig en ces , an q t hat .s·u c h :co mmuhic a t ions may po ��nt ial ly a �t er · t h� �6urs e of human his t o ry . At ·the le as t ,- t hey.· imply t hat s o tne · _p�o ple can . s uccess fu l l y ·:.; inc o rpo rate t he U FO m ytho l og y into a comp lex, if d elus �on a l , be lief s ys tem . I t has be e n t he a im o f t his pape r to s how t hat a t le ast s ome m en t al c ommun icat io'n cases can be e xpla i�ed as b e in g t he d e lus ions o f ps y c ho log i�a lly d is t ur bed , ·

indiv id u a ls . Ot her , mo re ev ident a l c as e �· a ppea r t o invo lv e p sy c ho t ic de lu s ions t rigg e red off b y t ra umat ic , bu t'o �jecti0ely tea l ; U F O · ev�nts .

j· � i _Re fe r en ces : . ,. , .. , ; Bus s , A . H. P syc ho pat ho l ogy N Y : · J o hn W"il�y &: ·Son 's, · 'i96 6 ·

H o lro yd , S . B rie fing for t he L a n d ihd 6o·· P lan et Earth L ondon : C org i, · (1977) , 1979�· Ma gee , J . U F O ov e r t he �oo ra d �c R oad • . fly�ng Sa uce r R ev iew , v o l. lB, n o . 6 ,

N ov -D e c • · 1972 , p p . 3-5· Miche 1, A . The s t rang e · case o f Or "X". U F O P erc ipisn t s ( FS R sp ecial issue. no . 3) '

S ep. 196.9 ·, PP• 3- 16 . .. _ . .

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T he B e rm ud a T riangle : A S t a t is t ic�l· Analys is _ w it h reference to poss ible U F O co rre lations . , . . .

b y John P ry t z •.

. ·. , • I • � • I

The t w in m yste r-ies att ributed t o t he B e rm u da T ri_?_ ng le a rd : .. UF O p he nomen a hav e in recent years ca pt u red t he p u b l ic ' ;s- att en tion:�. )t wasn ' t l on g be fore an a t t em pt was made t o " s o lv e" s om e o f the . B e rmuda Triang le di,sa ppearances by att ribu t in g t hose v a n is hing a cts w it hin the Be rm uda Triang le to U FOs, p re s uma bl y piloted b y e xt ra t erres t ria ls , fo r unknown · ( but p rnb _ab ly _less . :than friend ly) p urp oses . The B e rm uda T�iang le/U F O conn e c t io n . was s t rong ly hinted at in the pop u la r mov ie CL OSE EN .. C OUN TERS pF THE T HI RD K IN D (o:t. -���mple··

To t he b e s t o f t he a u t ho r' s kn ow led g e , the B e rm ud a . Trian gle/U F O conn ection has nev e r res t e d on a n y s o rt · o f ev idence - on l y in ference o f a highly . que s t ion a b le nat u re . An d t he a u t ho r makes n o c la ims about hav in g any s u oh hard

.

e v iden c e . Howeve r, t he · c la ims p ut · fo rt h by s om e as t o t he rea l it y o f. ·t; he . . . ,r

B e rm uda T rian g le/U F O re lat io n s h�p can be put to a ·so rt o f quas i-e xam inat ion by e xam in in g t he s t a t is t ical p att erns o f the two p henomena . T he U F O an a ly sis has . b e en done s o o ft e n that I d idn't r ep eat it b ut m e r e l y e xtracted the d ata from Allan Hen d ry ' s b ook THE U F O H AN DB OOK� S im ila r s o rts o f data fo r the Bermuda Tria n g le how ev e r w e re ri1t eas il y av a ilable . Thu s , I t o ok the raw case hist �ry data as s upplied b y A lan L ands b u rg in his v o lume S EC R ETS OF T HE B ERMU DA TR I AN GL E , fo llowed his s u b -d iv is ion s as t o t yp e o f case (sa iling s hip, m ilitary

.a ircra ft

et c . ) , and arranged t hem by y ea r and b y mon t h� The res ult is conta ined rosp e ct iv e l y in T a b les On �. and Tw o e . . ., .

Two n ot e s in o rd e r first . l ) With res p�ct to t he {ota l n umber of cas e s , w he n added u p by y e a r, t he num b e r is 144, w her e as by mont h t he t qt a l . is 134 . T his is because t he t ime o f m ont h was n ' t s up pl ied (o r known ) b y Aian· Lan dsburg in 10 case s . 2 ) I on ly looked a t cas e hms t o ries , . n ot t he n um be r o f indiv idual s hip s/a ircra ft t ha t may hav e been in �olv �d in each cas e . T hus fo r example , w hen con s id e ring t he n qw famous cas e . his t o ry of " flig ht 19" in 1 9 45 , _ t his w as coun ted as o ne cas e . fo � yea r 1945, ev e n ' t houg h 5 . mil�t ary a ircraft v a n is he d in the in it ia l in c iden't . . .

. · · · · · ..

:; .. ':I c. ; .

I( ' • ' • .'

. '

•I

( 7)

So how does the arrangement of Bermuda Triangle case studies into yearly an� monthly listings help or hinder the "but what else can it be" crowd who attribute UFOs the crime of celestial kidnapping within the Bermuda Triangle?

From the yearly and monthly arrangement of Bermuda Triangle case studies, it is obvious that there is not an even distribution. For example, 1921 was a bad year for motorized vessels; as is the month of March! But are the bunchings significant? In order to ask that question, it is a good idea to obtain the random average first, then compare the actual cases with the random average. Thus, the random averages, by individual categories (sailing ships, military aircraft etc.) were compiled. The basic methodology was to take the number of cases and divide in.to that figure the number of elapsed years (up to and including 1976, the final year considered) since the first reported case for that category. This was done for three periods of time, which were: 1) the total time period from the earliest case (1800-sailing ships; 1910-motorized vessels etc.) through and including 1976; 2) the pre-UFO period only (as in 1, but through and including 1946); and 3) the post-UFO period, 1947 through 1976. Because different categories started �t different t�mes (you couldn't compile the random average of military ·aircraft by going b�ck to iooo as you could for sailing ships), it was· not possible to· arr.i\1e . at a r.andqm average for the entire Bermuda Triangle phenomena., regardl.ng "cases per year". It could only be done nn a category by categopy basis. (See Table 1).

Hocwev.�r, the monthly random averages (which were done in total and not further subdivided into pre- and ptst- UFO periods) could be obtained for not only the individual categories, but for the entire p�enomena as a whole by dividing by 12. (See Table 2.) ·

Once· random averages were worked out, it was si�ple to compare the actual data (whether for a speci fie year or · a spe�ific month) wi��· what was to be expected if the �nti�e Bermuda Triangle·p�enomena wero strictly random. One only had to �ecide the dividing lfne betwee� �igntfi�ant increas�s above and beyond the norm. . · . .

, . . ,

· As the yearly spread .was much 'greater' (up' \o 17,7 ·. yE?ars· in the case n f sailing ships) than the ··mon·thly . SJ:>read, for :rowghly 'the same numb·er of· case studies _(144 vs 1·34), a higher degree ·o·f sig'nifi'tanc

.e./n�n-signifiQance

factori.ng was given ·to the yearly analy.sis \t'ha!J,·. to the m<?nthly ·analysis. I figured ·that on a year by .year· an.alysis�· .. �·ny. · year whici·h exceeded

·. the random av.erage·· by a factor of .flv·e :(500%), ·wa� significant. I was even harsher' tha·n ·.that fo:t. i · always· rounded up to' .the next higher number and added

·.-one to b·ootf· ·r�us for examp l�,. the rand.om ·aye rage overall for ·sailing ships is 0._30· cases per, .. year• Fi.vE? ... times ·that figur·e is L.5, ·which is 2 when rounded up to .. t!le··.next.;hfg�.est numb.ef._; �nd· 3 · when one is added. Thus, I lo�ked for values of. 3 o:�; more_·,. per year, in· the "s�iling-, ships'' category. Years 1909 and 1969 turned 'q_qt ·thu·s· .to · be "significant". for s·ailing ships vanishing in the Bermuda Triangle •. They were "flap·" ·years for that category·! .

. SometJ_rries.·.·a high degree of · significance. was discovered for a particul�r ··.category d.l:J;r.fn

.g · one· or tllio 'par.ticular time ·pei;'iods only (either 1800-1976;

1800-1946{ or 1947-1976)� . .. If any degre� of · s.l�nific.ance ware found, even if only in, onE\. tim� period, it was included as a "-flap" o (See Table 3)

WitA· ���pect to the �onthly analysis, b���u�e �11· the 13� �a�es could only be fitted into one o .f 12 months� a more re�p�.ct.a.ble random average should have emerged. Thus, anything above . and .beyond a 50% deviation from the norm was considered significan�. Su�h deviations were dis�overed, both .by individual category and overall, ah.d . . �ere ill such oases consider��·.:flaps • . (See Table 4) · It only remained to then plyg i� the UFO ·flaps. and ·�e,.iationships · (cir lack of them) became immediately .appq.rento (See ·Tables· 3 & 4). \

. '· Conclusions & Findings: · ·

1) The random averages, with on.e e�ception·, did .not diffe� pignificantly .from one another regardless w.hef.her tt:e en·t'ire period. was . ·c·a·nS'ide:re�, the 'pre_-UFO period was considered .or'the'.post-UFO period was considered. Therefore, UF"'Os (as in introduced added factor) · made .little di ffere.nce. The'· post-UFO period

random average increased· ·for· saili.r:�g �hip.s, light planes, commei'cial :.'planes and

,._' ·. · ·,

(8 )

,. . . ·� ... . .

� r '"': . . • • • (I'' .

-.,:· sce llan o u s c·r a ft relat ive t o t h;e p r ·e ... UFO p e r i o d b The r e ve rse o ccur ed for · �Dto r i zed ve sae l s an d milita r y air c ra ft � . 2) The lone e �c ep t ion with r esp ect t d t he . year ly random ·averages occured in the oa tegor y o f mi l itar:y c;a ir cr a .ft -which ove r a l l ·h ad a r �ndoln average o f 0. 60 case s/year as op p ose d t o 2o00 case s/yea� in th e p r ��UFO p er io d and 0�50 ca ses/ y e a r i n th e p ost -UFO p e r iod . The basi c rea son WqS th e l arge n umber in t he fir st year ' o f t he cat e go r y w hich was clo se in t ime to 't 'he d i vid in g · lihe b etween the p r e - and p o st -UF O er a ( 1945) . It mu st b e r �m em b e r ed t ha t 1945 was of cou r se· a war y ear . 3) Par t icu lar B ermuda Tr ian g le flap s ar e iht er e st in g of them selves; re Qar�le ss o f a n y UFO . con n ec t io n . F o r the mo �t � ar t , rim a t : a _lo ss t o e xp lain t hem, i n p ar t i c ular �he 1909 and 1969 tlap s fo� Qai lir� ship s; t h � 1921 and 1973 flap s for motor ized ve sse ls·. H �w ev e r, as no .t ed abo\J e 1 t h e 19 45 f·lap ., for m ili tar.Y planes cou ld b e d ue to WW I I � The 1948 fl�p ·ro :r. comme rcia ·l air craft·. , n e ve r . r ep ea t e d � cou l d· b e d ue to the fac t t ha t ciVil �viat ion was �ti l t in i ts: infan8y in 1948 ; t he air craft sma l l , i l l-e.q u ip ed ; p r op e ller dri v�n ; ·amd · slo ·w ..�movin g b y modern st and a r d s. Gi ven t ha t the standard o f " se arch a n d re scue '' in 1948 1 ; doe sn ' t com e c lo se t o the · d e gr e e of t od a y 's sop hi st icat ion, and that ffights in vo lvi n g t he B ermud a Tr i a n g le w ere mari time on e s, .tn� craft _ · __ in que stion t :r;aveflin g fai r ly _i so la t e d · a ir sp ace s, o ft e n in darkne ss, I att ri b u t e n o Aigh d egree of sig n ificanco to 1948 b e i n g a " flap " year for commer c ia l air c raft. Fin a l l y , we ha ve the t hree " flap " y ear s . o f 1967, 1969 . and 1973 f o r light aircraft. C o n sider in g the rap id ow �e r ship i � p�ivat� air tr a ft o ver the past . d ecade , and t he p op u la r ity of the B e rmuda Tr iang le a rea wit h _ all of t he :Carib bean i sland s , Flo r i da and B e xmuda it se l f a s att ra 9t ion s for the i d le r i c� and /or p r i va t e bu si n e ssman , i t i s n o t p e �hap s surp r i si n g th at t he lat t er 1960s an d the 1970s w o u ld see an i nc re a se :· in ligh t a i.rcr a ft d isap p e arances. I f t he flap s- had occ u r ed i n say the : J.�te 1950s an d .ea r ly 1960s; t h en one wou l d ha ve more ·of a p rob lem t o con si der o . ·

· , �l . . 4) In d i scar d in g t hen al l but (i � �he p pst-�FO _era ) the �969 iai lin g ship flap and t he 1973 m o t ori zed ve ssal flap , d o 'the se ha�e·a n y cor re la tion w it h UFO flap s? Th e a n swer i s " y es" , . b u t on ly f o r 1:973.- Tha t in it s·e lf i s n o t su fficient r e ason t o . sa y �FO s m ad e:off wi th m6�driz�d ve sse ls in 1973. E ven if on e takes a l l p o st�UFO B e rm u da Tr �an g le flap � into ac co u n t; on ly two year s ar e common to U F D flap s o Tho se y ea rs are

. 1�67 ( flap ye ar fo r lig h t p lane s and

U FO s) an d 1973 ( flap _.Year for mot orized ve s9c:ls, light p lan e s an d UF O s) . Perhap s t h is .d..s �v�r · so sl ig h tl y suggest i\}e, b ut t wo years o wt o f 30 wit hin the post -UFO p er i od , w he r e som e c or r e l at ion e xt�t s, d o es n o t g i0e one immediat e h o pe t o l eap up and say '' E ur �ka, th e solu t i dn t o t he B e r m�d � ·Trian g le i s p r ove n -UFO s are makin g o f f w it h pur boat s and a ir c ta ft !" ·'N ow, what o f t h e mon th ly corr e lat ion s?

· .

I I

5) UF O sig h t in g s con�i �t e n t ly reach a p e ak. in the summer mon t hs. in the nort hern h om i sp he r e, in p arti bu lar ly J u ly and Au g�st . H oweve r , a s Hen d r y: p oin t s out , t h i s is mo r e d u e t o t h e fact t h a t p o ssi b le wit ne sse s a r e out-o f�d oo r s more during that p er i od and t hu s ab le t o see vario u s �er i a l phe nom en a . B ermu d a Tr i an g le in ci d en t s, ove r all, on t he ot her h and , ar e con fin ed t o t he n o r t her n h e m i sp h er e win t e r month s, i n t erm s o f n umber .o f h ap p enin g s 50% abo ve an d b eyond r a n d om a ve r a g e . I n p ar t i c u lar t h e mon t hs o f Decem ber and J a n uary st and out , e a ch wit h t h r ee indi vi du al cat egory flap s ( sai li�g sh ip s and ii ght p la n e s comm on to bot h mont hs; c ommercia l p l0r)e s i n Janua r y ; mi litary p la n es in 'Jec embe r ) o N o ot h er mon t h has more than o n B cat e g or y f lap ( Fe br uary - motorized vesse ls; M a r c h - m ot or i zed ve ssels; Ap r i l - mot or i zed vessofs; J u ly - sai lin g

�ips; A u g u st - light plan es; N ovemb er - motor �zed ve sse ls) ; four month s have no c at eg or y f lap s a t a l l ( Ma y , J un e , Sep t embe·r · a nd Oct ober ) . UFO month ly ... fla·p ·s ... ·

(.i_f r e al a n d n o t ap p a r en t ) are on l y corr E:?l a t ed sp eci fi cally w it h sai ling �h ip s . .-1!

in J u ly and l ig h t air cra ft i n A u g u st o A gain t�a� i s hot enou gh r ea son to · draw up o n a valid r e l at i o n ship b etween the Be ��uda Tri an g le and UFO p hen omena .· And o f cour se t h e susp e c t e d r eason for B erm u da· Trian gle flap s in m id -w in t er mon th s isn ' t a l l t ha t hard t o r eason out. On a verage , t he weather t e nd s to be w or se d u r in g t he w in t e r month s, o n a con si st en t y ear -in , y e ar -out basi s. It i s on ly t he iso l at e d h ur r i ca n e d u r i n g t h e lat e sfumm er mon t h s t hat c a n r ai se hel l w i t h in the B ermuda T r i an g l en

; . ·

( 9)

6) I n c o n c l usion t her ef�r e, t h e r e is no st at ist ical r e ason to susp e c t t h at B ermud a Tr ia n g le an d UFO p hen om en a �r e l inked . Un l e ss trend s change in t he y e ar s t o come, I w o uld d o ub t that an y fut ure cor r e lat ion w ill be for t h com in g . H ar d d at a will be n e ed e d t o ptove t o m e anyway t hat such a B ermud a Tr ian g le /UFO con n ec t ion is p l ausib le .

T ab l e 1 : ,B ermud a Tr ian g le S t atist ics. for year s 18.00-1976. ----- ----------------------�------- -------------�--------

( N o t e : un list ed ye ar s h ave no r ep o r t e d cases; ze ro t ot als.)

Y e ar . �S ailin g S hip s

1800 2 1813 11 1 814 1 1 824 1 1840 1 1854 1 1 855 1 1 868 1 1872 1 1880 1

·ts-s 1 .. · ·-·· -· .. ··-1-188-4 1 1 886 1 1902 1 1908 2 1 909 6 1910 1913 1 1914 2 1915 1 191 7 1 918 1919 2

. . . )-920 1 .r. 1.921-' I .. 1_

1925 1926 1931 1932 1935 1938 1940 1 1 941 1942 1944 1945 2 1946 1

UFO E r a 1 947 . 1 948 1949 1950 1951 1 1952 1953 1 1954 1956 1 1958 1 1961 1

M o t o r ized V e sse l s

2

2 1 1

9 2 1 1 1 1 1

, I

3 1 1

3 1 1 1

1

M il it ar y P lan e s

. .

4

1

'1 1

1 1 1 2

· L ight P la n e s

1

1

C emmercial P1an es

j

. . •. '·'

2 1 1

Misce l lan . Cr aft

T ot al s

2 l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 6 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 1

1 0 2 1 2 1 2 1 l 3 1 1 6 1

1 5 3 3 2 1 2 2 3 l 1

(T� b le 1 contin u ed )

Year _ S a iling S h i p s

1 962 � l963 1965 1966 196 7 1 968 1969 6 1970 1971 .1.972 ::_ 9 73 ."l.974 ,_9 75 .: .976

S u b ­}_ut.a ls

1 2 1 1

IJ F O Er a 35

n ost -U FO Era 18

R::1ndom* A�� t.€!9f.. 0 . 30

Motor ized V e s s e ls

• t r·· . �:

1

1 1 1 . .

1 3 1 4

47

2 7

2 0

0 . 70

Mi lit�ry P lan�s

f 2 1

1

1

1

19

4

1 5

0. 60

-- · . .... . ... .

( 10 )

L i g h t P lanes

1 4

. . . . . 3 1 1 . 1 3 1 1

18

2

16

o . 40

.. . .. . . .

Com.mer cia l P 1ar� es · ·

. . . - . � · - - . .

4

0

4

o . 14

M is ce lla n . C r a ft

. 1

3

0

3

1 1

0. 2 5 �N umber of cases div id ed b y th e n um b e r o f e lap s ed years s in ce the fir st � ep o rt ed cas e for each category t o giv e n um be r of cases per year .

o ::- e - ** ·J FD E r a0 . 2 4

P r:s t -*** LJ F O . E r a 0. 60

0. 73 2 . 00

0. 67 0 . 50

0 . 12 0. 00 o . o o

0 . 53 o . 14 0 . 2 5

�*N umber o f cases t hr o u g h 1946 div ided b y t h e number o f years t hat h av e � lap s ed s i n c e th e first report ed case p ri o r to 1946 , gives cas es /year

Tot a ls .

3 . . 3 2 2 5 2

10 2 5 2

- 9 3 3

. 1

144

. 68

76

r, * * N um ber o f cases , from 1947 t hr o ug h 1976 , divided b y the_ n umber o f year-s · t ha t 1 1 0V e e lapsed s in ce t he fir s t reported cas e p rior t o 1976 , yie lds c a s e s p e r year . W ! t h two e xcep t ion s , t hat num ber is 30 y ears .

N n.t e : Any raw n um e r ica l fig ur e , which e q u a ls a t l east five t imes t h e exp e cted � \ · -er ag e 1 c o u ld b e con s ide red s ig n ifi cant , when rounded up t o t he n ext higher r! l_. ;n b c r p lus one .

( 1 1)

T a b l e 2 : B e r m u d a T r i a ngle S t at i s t i cs by M on th .

M o n t h S a i l i n g M o t o r i z ed V e ss e l s

Mi lit a r y P l an e s

L i g h t P lan e s

Comme r c i a l P lan e s

Mis c e l la n . To t a ls C r a ft S h ip s

J a n . 8 F e b . 3 M a r c h 2 Ap r i l 4 M a y 0 J un e 2 J u l y 6 A u g , 4 S e p t � · 2 El e t . 3 N ov . 3 D e c . 9

T o t a ls 46

R a n d om* Av e r a g e 3 .8 3

3 6 9 7 0 1 2 1 0 4 7 4

44·

3 . 67

2 1 2 2 0 1 1 2

' - �2 ·· . 1 2

. 3 .

19 � · .

4 n 1 0 1 2 2 -3 1 O · 1 3 . .

. 18

1.50.

2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1

4

0.33.

0 19 0 10 0 1 4 0 13 1 2 0 7 0 11 1 1 1 0 5 1 9 0 13 0 2 0

3 13 4

0 . 2 '5 11.1 7

*N u m b e r .o f cas e s d 'iv i d ed , b y 12 , t he n ufl} b e r o f mon th s , w hich y i e lds .the av e r a g e n um b e r o f c a s e s p e r · m ci ri t h . Ac t u a l n u� b e r s g r e a t e r t h a ri 50 % o f t he e xp e c t e d

av e r a g e co u ld be co n s i d e r e d s i g n i fi c a n t .

T a b le 3 ; � O v � t�� l B e rm u d a T r i an g l e an d U F O F l aps - Y e a r ly.

Y e a r

1 909 1 92 1 1945 1 948 1952 19,57 1965 1966 1 967 1 969 1973

S a i l i n g S h ip s

XX X n on e n on e n o n e

n on e n o n e n on e n on e n o n e

XX X n o n e

Mo t o r i z e d � Mi lit a r y V e s s e ls P la n e s

n/a X XX' !") O n e,. n o n e n on e n on e n o n e n o n e n o n e n on e ·· ·x xx

n/a n/a X X X n on e n o n e n on e n �:m e n o n e n o n e n on e n o n e

L i g h t P l an e s

C o mm e r c i a l P ia n es ·

n/a ·.· � -- .· · n/ a

·n/a·

n/a n o n e n/a n o n e . . �x.x n 'on e . _ . . . :r-pn��::· . . n o n e n o n e n on e n on e n o n e n o n e

xxx n o n e x xx n o n e xxx n o n e

M i s c e l l an . ·�r a ft

n/a n/a n/a ·

·

n/a n/a ·

n/a n o n e n o n e: no·n e n o n e n o n e ·

. , .. . ...

U F Os

n/a ,n/a n'/a , n o n e. x�x . XX X �XX X XX XX X

. nqn'G-XX X \ '. '·

N o t e : ( xxx) m e a n s " f lap y e a r " .( n/ a ) m c: a n s " n o t ap p ll c a b le " in t e rms o f t he d a t a

( n on e ) m e an s " n o f lap " e v e n t h ough d atn i s app li c a b l e .

.. ; ·

T a b l e 4: O v e r a l l Berm u d a Tr i ang le and U F O F l aps - M o n t h ly.

Mo n t h S a i lin g · ho t o r i z e d . M i li t a r y L i g h t C om me r c i a l M i s e . To t a ls U F Os

S h ip s V e s s e ls P l a n e s P la n e s P l an es C r a ft

J a n . F e b

X X X n o n e

M o r c h n on e Ap r i l n o n e M a y n o n e J u n e n o n e J u l y X X X A u g . n o n e S ep t . n on e O c t . n o n e N ov . n o n e D e c . X X X

n o n e X X X �.

XX X X X X n o n e n o n e n o n e n on e· n o n e none X X X n o n e

n o n e .n o n e n on e n on e n o n e n o n e n o n e n o n e n on e n on e n on e X XX

X X X n o n e

X X X n o n e

n o n e n o n e n o n e n o n e n on e n o n e . , , n o n e n on e n o n e n on e xxx n o n e n o n e · non e n o n e n on e n o n e n o n e XXX r)Cln 8

n o n e n o n e

XXX n on e

n o n e non e

n o n G n o n e n on e: n o n e n on e n o n e n o n e n o n e . n on e n o n e n o n q n o n e

n o n e no n e xxx n o n e n o n e xxx n on e n o n e n o n e n o n e · n o n e n o n e n o n e n o n e n o n e n o n e xxx n o n e

1\: o 'L e : ( x xx) mean s- a " flap " mon t h

· . .. . :.: . �...:.:.. . . . -- ·--·

--

.. -

--

�.::..

....

_

:,.:_':

�

-·-

· � .......

. ,_....:

-

. ' . . . ( 1?.) .l . � >

: I . ·�

' ... ,

- . -·· -···�· . .. _,. _ ... ···- ··�

( none ) mean s a " n on -flap " mon t h .

. . - . . . .. - .. . .. .. . . . .

B e rmuda Tr ian g le . - B i b l i og rap hy. 1 ) B e r li t z , Ch a r le s - Th e B ermuda T r iar\gle - D o ub led a y , N . v . · · - 1974. 2) B e r lit z , C h a r l e s - W i t ho ut a Tr ace - D o ub led a y , N . Y . - 1977 3 ) " A Dead ly Trian g le" - T ime ( Au st ra lfan Edition ) , 6 J an . 19·75 - p . 64 4) Ebon , Martin ( Ed i t or ) - T h e R id d le o f t h.e Be rmu·d a Triangle . - S i gn et

(N ew Ame r i c an l i b r ar y , I nc . ) N . Y . - �975. 5) G ad d i s, Vincent - I n vi si b le H or i zo n st T r u e Myst�ries of the S ea - C hi lt o n

B ook s, Phi la d e1p hi a - 1965 - p . l73- 18 9 . ·

6 ) J e f fr e y , Ad i -K en t Th oma s - The B ermuda Tr i angle ·. - W arner PQp er back L i brar y , N � Y . l 975 7 ) K usch e , Lawr en c·e D a vi d - The B ermuda Tr i angle MY:st ery - S o l ved f.l.arp er &

R ow , · N • Y . - 19 75. _ . . · - · - · ·-· . - · - -· -· · -�-- · ···· ·-· ··- - ·-- �- - ·;

B ) L an d sbur g , 0. 1�0-=- S.e.c.r..e.ts .. e·f · ·th ·e--Be :i:"mQ'aa· ·yr: .. fa�gle - W arner ·'8 o J k s, N . Y . 1978 . 9) Mas·s:e:y �· · "craham :... " Th e Meret r i c i o u s T r i an g le" ... N ew S c ient ist , 14 J uly 1977. -. .

, ..

p . 74-76. . . . . : . ": . . 10 ) S an d e r son , I van T . - I n vi�i b le Re siden t s - W or l� � Pub li sh in g C o . ,

N • Y • - 1 9 7 0 "" p • 115 -142 • . . .

.. • • :· . - ' . : · . ·

1 1) Sp �n cer , J oh n W a � leqe � L i mbo o f the L ci st.

- · Ban t a� Books, N . Y � � 1973 · .· . 2) S u l livan � W a lt e r:� .. � ·�iThe .B ermuda :T ri an g le I sn: f t .Playing S quare" "" The N ew·

Y or k Times, 6 Ap ri l 1975 . J 3 ) W in er , R i c hard - The D e vi l ' s T ria ngle - Ban t am Books, N . Y . � 1974. 1 4) W in er , R i chard - The Devi ls T r i an q le 2 - Ban t am Books, N . Y . -: _ .l-9.75·. · . 5 ) l tl i n e r , R i c hard - F r om t he D C? vi l " s: · .. Jr-i<Jnqle · ·to · t he . .. D e JfJ.: f8 . . jaw - Bantam B o ok s,

N . Y . - 1977. - p . l-16

B e rmuda T r i an g le - Re fer ences: ·

� ) H e n dr y , A l lan - T h e U F O H an db o o k - D o u b leday , N . Y . - 1979 - p . 241 -269 2 ) L an d sbur g , A lan - S e c r e t s o f the B ermuda Triangle - � ar n e r B ook� ,

N . Y . � 1978 .-:- p . 119-162. \ , · r :; ) Pr y t z , J oh n · ,� ·. " lo o kin g for t he B ot t,bm o f t h e B e rmuda T ri an g le?" -

S c i en t i fie A·u st r a lian , .. Mar c h 1978 .-· p . 3 8 -40 . F . . ,. , '

--� --......... -

P£.fi cien c i e s in the H ypn opompi c -Hypn agogic Model to Exp lain U FO E xperiences a t _G l o se R a nge .

.�.Y.. � =-� _ -�� l le_� t �E- Q.l!!l � �- , V a le n c ia , S p�in ( 1 )

S t�d en t s o f U F O p h�n omena sho u ld rec e i ve wit h th e utm o st at tent i on , an y r oR son a b l�-p r e sent ed t he o r y towar d s t h e e xp lanat ion o f t he U F O enigma . A �t ernat i ve h yp ot h e se s t o t h e? ET H sho u ld b e p ut forward a s a mean s t o e va luat e .. , ho comp arat i ve wei g ht o f t he e xt r at e r r e st r i a l vehicJ� .. mo.de.i..: . . V a luab ie· t ! 1 eori e s wi l l a lway s f o l low Occam ' s R a zo r . . ; a·s we il · -�s a sc ho lar , orth odox s ci e n c e app r o ac h , n o mat ter h ow �d van ced t h e c on c lusion s may be . I did w e lcome .· '( o ith B a st e r fi e ld ' s p ap er in t h e fir st i ssue o f THE [J OU RN AL O F TH E AU S T R AL I AN C '::N T R E F OR U FO S TU D I ES ( 2) a s an examp le o f ser i o u s p_r .. esentat ion ; n e ve rt hele ss, � care fu l r e a d in g o f hi s argum en t s mad e m e t hin k t h at . � omet hing wa s m issin g .

The p u rp o se o f . t h is n o t e i s simp ly t o list a few p ro b lems p o sed by · th e hvp n op omp ic -hyp n ag og i c hyp ot he si s, �it h the? int en t ion t hat it serve s a s .a �� si s for furt her di sc u ssi on an d re�earc h . T� e se a r e t h e d e fi ci en c i e s t hat ar ise from t he menti oned p ap er , fr om my vi�wp oint : .,. ) I t i ' C? xp lai n s" on l y b u t a p art o f t he UF O e xp er ience·s. I f a theory i s 1 1 n 8b le t o cop e wit h the? whole ran g e o f t he? UFO p hen omen o lo g y , I � e lieve i t i s ' i .l sa t i s fac t o r y , b y d e fi n it io n . ? ) I t d6e s n ot so lve t he e ven t s o f sha r ed exp eri en c e s: · t ho se case s o f mu lt ip le � or � ob orat i ng witn e ss e s, n ot fho se c omp ri sin g geograp hica lly i ndep endent o b s C? r v er s • . :· . ; ; 3 ) I t leave s a side r ep o rt s o f e leri��6mag n et i c e �fect s, an ima l r eact ion s et c .

·' � . .

· ( 1'3 ) . : -

4) Cases elected as examp les s how an abno�ina l ly h'�gh . p e r centage o f femi nine witne s s e s o Sex dist r i bu t i o n o f a�l cat a 1� g ues o f U F O . o bservations p ni n t an ab so l u t e s up er i o r it y o f men ov e r women o I · fee 1 it ·has been introduced a d e1n ge r o u s bias in t h e s e lection o f " r ep r esentat i v e" s ig htin gs , one w h i ch may n u ll i fy t he v a li d i t y o f the h yp o t hesis . 5 ) I am n o t s ur e t h a t in cidents taken as samp le for t h e d ev e lopmen t o f t h e h yp nop omp ic-hyp n o g o g i c mod e l come from t h� bes t av a i la b le s o ur ces , I mean , �re t ho s e r ep orts r e lev ant b y t heir r e liabi li t y ? 6) H yp n op omp ic an d h yp n ogogic v is i o ns may p lace . usua ll y wi�h closed eyes or in n dark onvi�onmen t ( r o om . w i t ho ut a n y lig ht ) . This does not cor r esp ond with . i �h e man y even�s t h n t o cc ur during d a y light ( daytime an d peridds o f not comp l�t e · dnrkne s s ) �

7 ) N o p r e cise cor r e lati o n has be�n es tab lis hed between the typ ical images o f U FO observation an d t ho s e p r od uced o n th e m in ds o f t h e s ub j e cts o n the m e n t ioned tran ces . I t s e ems t hat: r es emb lance is · high e r w i t h h a l lucinat ions t h an wit h real U FO ev ents o .

8 ) app ar en t ly ? t h e witness o f t�e U FO v i �ion sho u ld fe� l tiredness at the i : ime of t he � s eud osightin g ft This is n o t . p r Gv e d , and i �· .p r in cip le , does not . s eem t o b e ev i d en t � in th e U F O r e co r d . H owev er , i f . t h� in fere�c� is cbrrect , t his asp ect s h o u ld be st udied in d et a i l · b y an a ll zing wh at wer � · ' � F O witnesses d o i n g at . the time o f t he e xp erie nc e . U FO data b an ks s ho u ld be i etrieved !

N o .. :t:e�"& R eL�r'_p_r:l_C§.?_� l ? Th� aut ho r has a larg e research bi b li og r a�hy on the UFO s ubj e ct , inc luding }.YQ? J_ eJJ.P..QO!]_���j.n__?..p_�;i.n__Qn d_p_g_£._t USL,B_� ( wi t h J a c q u e s Va �lee ) , " F lying S au cer i1 L · I i ew" S p ecia 1 I s sue N o " 4, August 1 9 7 1 , 40 -6 4 ; A cat a logue o f 2 0 0 Type -:-I .UJ:_O_�_�ent._s_ ?.:f1_S I?_§.i Q . . ao._d_.E_o_r t uqa J:. , CU FOS Te chni .ca l Rep o rt ·, E v an st on , · I llino 'is ,

<!.9 76 ; �.[Q�:_1he )_�flg_inq_ .P h_@_C)�-1.. a book p ub lished , in .. Sp an is h in . 19 78 ' · d ev ot ed t o t h e st u d y o f c l ose encoun t ers i n the I berian P en in s uma .

2 � B as ter fie ld � K e i t h , l mElfl_ery as a P ossib le P sych.o logi ca l Explanation· for .f1 c::g o r t_�d_ � �Q� _E npo_u nte::.' S w it h the U FO P h en omen on � · " Th e Jour n a l o f the ,'-\ ust ra l.ic::-� C Gn t r o for U F O S t udies " , V o lume 1 , N umber 1 , Fe br uary 1980 , 4-8

Meg 8 li t h 5 · : Marv e l.s b y D av id A . J . S eargen t . ·

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To m�n y a · r oma n t .i c � the mysterious st an d i ng · ston es · and . ci r c le s which dot t h e Eng lis h lan ds cap e seem t o speak in s i lent v oi ces of some st ran ge and exotic p ast when p eop le p os ses sed wis dom which h as , s omehow , become lost w it h the o d v ance o f w hat W G like t o· call " ci v i li zat ion " .

� or th e rG s e ar ch er o f . s't r an ge p hen Qmen on , on the other hand , such r oman ce � ust not be taken t oo s er i o us ly un les s t he r e is some s ound and con crete evidence t· : h i ch bridges t he t a les of roman ce on d t h e facts of ;r e a lit y . Is there , in other ltJO rds , . s om e " magi c" . .ln - .these ancien t works or is t he who le corp us of story and l c g Q·h d s ur r oun d i n g t hem mere.ly - a co llect'ion. o f " o ld wiv es yarn s " and ent ertainin g t 8 l e s . � o ld ov�r a · p ot o f a lG i � � om e iso lat ed o ld -wor ld inn ?

· I f an e cdotes ar e t o coun t as ev i d�nc e , t here i s certain ly n o lack o f s up p o r t for t he · r oman t i cs o Thus � i t i s s aid · t o b e a n o ld s up erstition t hat i f a p er s on in i l l h e a lt h s t ands on one o f t h e s e spots or n ear a standing s t on e , his

· c ondi t i o n will imp r ov e an d t hat if a wear y trave ller r ests against on e , h e w i l l b e r e fres hed muc h m o r e qui ck ly t han h e wou ld normally exp ec t . A lso , ot her p eop le hav e c lai med t o " fe e l t e lep at h i c " at t hese s i t es and d owsers c laim they have fo un d t he standing s t o nes t o mark the l ocat i o n s of un d ergroun d sp rin gs of water and t hat b ot h standing ston es and s t o n e circ les act ua lly amp li fy t he t i n y e le c t r omagn e t i c fie ld j caused b y wqt er p er co lat ing t hrough t he s ub-soi l , t o w hich d o w e r s are b e liev ed t o b e esp e c i a�ly sensit i v e .

N ow , much o f t his c ou ld b e d i smis sed by t he scep t i c as fab le a n d aut o ­s uggest i on , b u t t h e t es t im on y o f t he dowers p rov i des a p os s i b le op en in g for hard-nos e d s c i e n c e to t est t he r ea lit y , o r ot herwise , o f at least s ome o f the r· oman ce ..

( 14) .

�.. I • '

Thus , i f t h e abi li t y o f t h e d ow s e r s r ea l l y r e lies _up o� sma l l e-lectro_magnetic . � .- 11al i es causE'd b y p er co lating wat er , and if thi s tiny. fi .e ld i� ac�ual ly

magni fi ed b y megal i t hi c stones and ci r c les , s uch a fie ld . s ho u l� · be � etectable b y t h e s e n s i t iv e e qu ip m e n t used b y toda y ' s scientists . An d , . in��e d , it �l s ! 3 � ns iti v e mag n e t omet ers ( op er at ed b y P r o fessor J o h n Taylor o f Kin g ' s Coilege L Jndon and o t he r r ep ut a b le s ci e n ti s t s ) h av e actually r op or ted the p r e sence o f � smal l mag n e t i c anoma l y s urr o un ding s u ch sites o F ur t hermore , again i n agreement � it h t he t e s t imony of t h e d owsers , these a n om a lies w�re fo und to increase along G he v e rt i ca l axis of t he s t anding stones �

Th is d i s c o v er y , - howev er , does mor� t h.an v in d i cate t he dow sers . I t ·may als o -. -. ,""'V i de a me c hanism whe r eb y many o f the exotic p r opert ies o f t he.s e meg�lit hi c � Jrv e ls op erate o For · i n � t�n c� , i � is now k nown t ha t t h e h Qman body �assesses · t s own weak magn e t i c fie ld ·a nd e le ct � i c fi e l d . I t is p o s s i b le t hat t he magnetic f � o ld o f the h uman organism i t s e l f enh an ce d b y the p r esence o f the standing � � one o r stone circle an d ! t i s also p os s ib le t hat bot h t he bi o logical �agn e t i c · :;_ e ld n n d t he l o c a l magn e t i c : �-�'C'Ul8l Y are s ome how brought into : .' l harmon y" in � ·Jch a wa y t hat t he magnetic fie ld of t he p erson is 1 · e ffscti 0e ly , increased ?

N ow y i f t he r e l s an y :.t:r: ut h at a ll in· · ·t h.l:s , sp e c u lat ion , it �may e xp lain h ow ! . � c s e stone format ions may · act . as t e lep a t h y i nt ensi fi�rs . Th �s , according · to

_ se8r c h p e r formed by P r o fe ss or P ers inger i n Canada , ment a l t e lep at h y is : �r � i e d by e le ct r omag n e t i c wav es o f ext r eme ly long f��qusncy , an d it is p ro b ab le , . ' n t s ensit iv it y t o t hese . wav es ( t e lep at h i c abi lit "y ) wou ld be enhanced i f thia

' _ i_c11.o g i ca l magneti c fie l d was enhan ced . . · . · .

. · · '

As for t h e a l leged hea lin g p rop ert ies o f M e g a lit hic -�ites , we may · � � r u late ( bu t t hi s ison ly sp ecu lat ion at this sta�e ) t hat the biol ogical

. - �c t r i c fi e ld may a ls o b e enhanced and , during times of full moon when t he , tr l .agi ca l e lectric fi e ld is at i t s maximum p ositive v a lue , t his cou ld r es u lt · _ ; nn Abnorm a l ly lar ge in flux o f n-egat iv-e · ions t o t he p erson ' s immediate ·1v i . r on ment . As an yon e w ho has r ead a bo ut ( or us ed ) an . ion gen erator w i l l

' l P w , t h e s e ions hav e a v i t a l i zing , and ( it is c l�ime d ) a ben e fi ci a l , e ffect _) o n p eop le 1 s h e a lth • . . ( On ly p_r ·ob lem h e r e :i, s _t h,at t he bi o logical e lect r i c fie l d

: s n egat i v e at new moon an d w o u l d att ra ct p ds it iv e i o n s at t hese times , �es u lt in g J � m o o d s o f dep r es sion an d t he lik e . T h e s t o n e s wou ld on ly be ben e fi c i a l at i"'u l l moon ) •

· · · · · . •· . . · · · . ; · · ; ; ·· . ' t- l · . .1

. . - . . W hat we are to make . o f U F O s i g htin�S around Mega lit hid sit es is anot her

: � s u e . Is it p o s sib le t hat i h�se pbj ect s ( what ever the y ��y be ) ar� somehow ,.., -� t ract ed t o t he sma ll magneti c anoma li es o f t he Me g'a lit h i c sit es ? Or is therG - ; y rea l increase in t � e frequency o f . s ig htin gs · · at M e g � lithic sit es7 These ar e · 'F_ s ·� ions w hich , like t he U F Os t h em s e lv e s , ar e v er y " muc h up in . t he . ai r .

---->--:--- __ .�..-_

IJ :o ,_Q I_BECTOR Y ! W a r ldwide up dat.od c omp r e hensiv e U F O directory o f U FO group s , : _ nt r es , p ub li cat i6ns etc . S en d £2 ( En g li s h ) in c ludes Airmai l p ostage t o : •J c· o N ETW ORK , 2 S t I v ian C rt , C Glne y ha t ch Lan e , L ondon N lO . E ng lan d .

---- ----

' �U F QS B i b liography Serv i ce : As t r o - Ar chaeo logy. by J o h n P r yt z . --- -, ----- ---

· r . �p i le r ' s N ot e : U fo logists , w{t h few e xc�p tion s , are inter ested in the degree · r e s t r on om i c a l knowledge p osses sed b y ancien� sqcieties . S ho u ld d at a ever _ nv e a l an cien t as t r o n om i c a l know ledge greater t han that thought p os s i b le by · . �os e s oc ie t ies , as ntt r ibuted t o t hem b y a rc haeo logist s , t hat wou ld s t reng t hen � � e a r g ument for t he t e r r es t r i a l p r esence o f " an cient astronauts" , h ence U FOs

� � �n ext rnt err e s t r i a l p henom en a . One o f cour s e s hou ld r ev i ew lit erat ure by th ose · � � , ar e comp e t en t , t h r o u g h t r ainin g an d/or researc h , in p ut t in g fort h q c ie n t i fi ca l ly s o li d d isc us s i on s on astro-arc haeo log y , as op osed to uncrit i cal � - � 1 1 lar aut h or s wit h axes t o g r i n d and d o l lar signs in their eyes . This bi b l i o g r ap h y p rov i des s u ch a n in t ro d u ct o r y data base o f a non-t ec hn ica l nature , h u t it is a fract ion o f t h e av ai lab le materia l on t his fas cin at in g s ubj ect .

,

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1 ) Av en i , Anth on y F . - " Ven u·s "B!}d t he M·ayi3 � ' - A meri can S c i entis t , May/J une 197� - p . 2 74-2 85 o

"· ..

2 ) B r e c her , K enn eth & F ei r ta-g ,. .. �.i chael · ...,. ,Bs tronomy o f the Anci ents - M I T P r ess , Cambr i dg e y Mas s c - 1 979o · .

3) B r ow n , P eter L an cas ter - Mega l i t hs , Myths and �en: An I nt r o d uction to Ast r o -Ar chaeo logy - Tap lin g e r P ub lishing Co . , N . Y . � 1976.

4) C o r liss , W i l li am R � ( C omp i le r ) - S trange · Art1 facts : A S o ur c ebo ok On Ancient Man - Th e S our cebook P roj e c t , G le n Arrri , M.ar y land - · 1974 .

5) C o r li ss , W i l li am R . ( C omp i le r ) - S�r ange U n iv erie : A S�ur cebook o f C ur ious As t r on omi cal Observ a tions The Source book P roj ect , G len Arm , Mar y land - 1975.

6) Dempewo l f f , Ri qhard t . ( Ed i t o r J · - L os t C i ties & Forgotten.Tri bes : Adv enturies

in Ar chaeo logy � Ei�d A n ci e nl �ter ies· - . H earst Books , N . Y . - 1974 - p . 17-2 3 31 -36 , 99- 112 ..

.. '

..

7) Dick in s on , Te r r e n c.e - " Th e Mys t ery ··a f t he Medi-cine Wh ee ls " - S ci en c e For urn , Mar c h/A p r i l 1979 p e 21 -2 6. ·

8) D o u g las , J oh n H . - " G o lden. .. C lut=s to t h e Mys t ery o f. the And es " - Science N ews , 2 S ep t em�er 1 978 - p . l71-173 � _

9) F r a z i e r , K e � d r i ck - " S o ls t ice-W a t chers o f C.haco" · ....:. S ci e n c e N ews , 26 A ug ust 1 978 - p . l 48 · - i5 1 .

. . ·_

10 ) .. F r a zi e r 1 Kencfrick - " Stars , S k y an d C u lt ur e " · - S ci ence N ews , 4 A u g ust 1�79 - p . 9D -93.

.

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12 ) G wyn ne 1 P e te r & Beg le y , S haro.n" - - " Once a nd Fut u r e Stars" - N ewsw eek . ( Aust ra lian � ed ition ) , 19 Dec ember 1 977 - p . 52 .

1 3 ) H ad i n g ham , E v a n � C ir c le � .and S t anding S ton es - W a lke� & C o . , N . Y . - 1975 14 ) H awkin s , G er a ld S . - Beyo n d .. S t on·ehenqe - H arp er & Row , N ·. Y . - 1 973. 1 5) H awkin s , G e r a ld S . - " S t ar g a z ers o f t he Ancient W or ld" ( in ) - T he

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1 6 ) H awkin s , Ger a ld S . - �to n e he nge Decoded - . De lt a Books , De ll P ub . Co . , N • Y . - 1 965. ,

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C o . , N . Y . - 1 .978. 1 9 ) M cC a l l , Gr ant ... " Eas t er I s land , A D e -mysti fied Dot On The T o ur ist ' s

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: :'Geogr aphic. Maqa zin e � Mny 1 975 .. � p . 71 6 - 72 8. . ...

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22 ) '1M ys..te r y on t h� !Yl��s a " - T ime ( A ust ' n edition ) , 2 5 Mar: c h 1 974 - p . 6n �; •

. :· '2 3.) : " A N or th A me r i catl � St on e henge" -. Sci e n ce N ews , 8 J une .1 974 - p . 3Gii .

2 4) . R ensber ger , Bo y ce - " Cair o.s i n W yom'i n g seen a s Sun -Observ.at ion Site " -T h·e N e'w Y or k Tim e·s. , 1 0 J un e ·1974. . . ..

2 5) R en sb e r g f2.r 7 . .S a y e e - " P re hist oric Astr_on omy ' was pr etty.. g oos Science" -T he N ew Y o r k T imes , 1 9 Febr uary 1 978.

26) R owan -Robin s o n , M i c h a e l _& Mar y - · " f�.a yan Ast r on om y '' - N ew Scientist , 1 8 October 1 979 - p . 2 0 5 - 2 07.

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1 976.

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:J S ) l ·omp kin s , Pet e r - Mys t e r i e s o f the r·1 exican P yramids - H arp er & R ow , N . Y . 1 9 76 . 3 4) T omp �_J:n s , P et e r - S e c r e t s o f t he G r e a t ·P yr amid - · H arp e r & B o w , N . Y . 19 71 35r . .. w i.ls on , Oav i d - T h e N ew Arc haeolq_g_y_ - A l fr e d A . K n op f , N . Y. . - 1975 ·- p . 2 13-2 36 •

.f::� o b-i o lo q:i.!._ l) ·Asi mov ·, I s aac - " A · S cien c e I n S e a-:r q h : o f a S u bj e c t " - N ew Y o r k Times Maqa zine

2 3 May 1 9 6 5 - p • 5 2 -58 " -. 2 ) B e ckn e r , J ohn - "N am es for Sp ace .. p _lan .ts " - ·A'h a lo.g S c i e n c e F ac t , S ci e n c e F iction , F e br ua r y 1 9 6 4 - p o 8 7 -8 9 • . : � ._ , . . . · · · · ·�- ..

3) · c.amp b e l l , J ohn w • . . . . :� " .l i fe Am.oh g t .h e ·S t ars '·, · .:·"- ·An a l�_g S c i en c e Fact f . . S ci en ce £.i�t i o n , fYiay 1 9 6 3 -· p :· 6 ,- . E3 , 8 7 --Bs . :·-- . . . .

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5 ) Eise ley , L or e h· ·: t -�- - �::- " I s M a n · A l o o_e i.n S p ac.e ?" ;, .. ( S.cienti fic· ·�A.meri can , J u ly : 1 9 5 3 - p . 80 -8 6 .

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l_r�t e£.2J.an e�ary Soci-e:tL , V o l . ·2�1 ., . 1 �68 - p � 2 6 -3 7 �.. . ·

J.O ) P hi l. l ip $ , R . A . J . - " Ch an g e" - _A'n a loq· · .s cience l'act , S c i e n c e Fic.t i ·on , _ Au g us t 1 96 3. · · · ·P'• ·9. ·- l6 , 8 1-8 3 , . .

U F Os " ·--�)" .. -;�-An Open and C u-·f 'C-a s e " .::- N e w S_s:en-t i's t , 12 J un e 1980 - p . 2 62 . ? ) L e b e lson j H afr y :-- " U F O U p dat e � C lo s e t'rYcoun._t,e r " - Omn i , Ap r i l 198 0 " - p . -32 .

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5 ) Sp e i g e l , E . L e .. e· -� . " I .n t� r v i e'w : G o:rdon . C ooper " ,.. Omn i , " r1a r c h l980 - p . B 5 -B 6 , l05 ..: l0.6 o . 6 ) U n ited S tat e s . H ou s e o.r · R ep.r.?s �nta't i v es · 'c ommi ttee· . c;Jn Arme d S e r v i c e s -

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f· l or . s t e r s : �J · Bartusiak , Mar cia· · F e - . "W i ll t h e R e a l N os si'e P leas e S t an d Up? ' ' -

_? c i en c e N e ws , J_B A ug u·s·t · -1 9 79 - p . 12 2 � 12 3 o 2 ) O i ns dn le � T i m -· " T he L och N e. s s �"ro n s t e r ·I s .R e a l � � " Argosy , J anuary 1962

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.o l · - . Sp·a c e s h ip s o f the Mind - V i kin'g P r e s s , N ,. Y . - 19 7� • -. . . ... .

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.N e�sw�ek ( Aus tr a li an E d i t i cin ) , 30 J un e 198 0 p . 3 4- 42 .

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5 ) W != i ze n ba um , J o s ep h - C omp ut e r P o w e r and H uman Reas o n : F rom J udgmen t · to -�ah_C2_L!_lation - W . H . F r e eman & Co n � S al} F r an c i s c o ;_ 18 7 6 · - p . 2 02 �22 7 .

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s o m e t i m e b y u n u s u a l li g h t s . T h e s e li g h t s w e r e s e e n b o t h w h i le t h e v e h i c le w a s i n m o t i o n a n d w h e n it w a s s t at i o n a r y . I n v e s t i g at i o n r e v e a ls a lt e r n a t e c o n v e n t i on a l e x p la n a t i on s f o r w h a t m i g h t be r e g a r d e d as a l ow s t r a n g e n e s s c as e o

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T h e w i t n e s s an d h i s b r o t h e r s w e r e a t t h e i r m o t h e r ' s h o u s e , w h e n o n e o f t h e b r o t h e r s l o o k e d o u t t h e f r o n t w i n d o w t o n o t i c e a n o b j e c t t o t h e w e s t o f t h e h o u s e , h ov e r i n g a b o u t ! m i l e a w a y . H e c a l l e d h i s b r o t h e r s t o l o o k a t i t . I t w as d e s c r i b e d a s ov a l , w i t h c u r v e d " w i n g s " on e a c h s i d e . C o l o u r w as r e p o r t e d as b e i n g s i lv e r , w h i ch d i m m e d a n d b r i g h t e n e d as t h e o b j e c t r e t r e a t e d a n d r e t u r n e d . S om e t i me s i t w a s d e s c r i b ed a s s o b r i g h t " i t w a s h a r d t o l o of<l a t . " O n e o f t h e b r o t h e r s a l s o r ep o r t ed a r e d li g h t a t t h e t op & bo t t om , a n d a y e l l o w l i g h t i n t h e c e n t r e , a n d h e a ls o h e a r d a h um m i n g n oi s e . O v e r a p e r i o d o f l h o u r , t h e o b j e c t m o v ed f r o m a s t a t i o n a r y p o s i t i on o v e r a g u l l y o f f t o t h e w e s t a n d t h e n r e t u r n e d t o h ov e r o v e r t h e g u l l y a g a i n . W h e n ov e r t h e g u l l y , t h e o b j e c t p la y e d a y e l lo w i s h/w h i t e b e am o v e r t h e g r o un d . I t a ls o s e em e d t o s p i n o n i t s h o r i z o n t a l a x i s b e f o r e i t r e t r e n t e d i n t o t h e d i st a n c e .

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T w o w i t n e s s e s w e r e i n a L an d c r u i s e r t r av e l l i n g f o r s o m e s ho ot i n g . T h e n i g h t

w a s b r e e z y w i t h s o m e c l o u d . W h i l e on e a li g ht e d f r om t h e v e h i c le t o s h o ot , t h e

d r iv e r n ot i c e d a li g h t a t g r o u n d l e v e l t o t h e N E , b e i n g p a r t i a l l y o b s c u r e d b y

s o m e t e a t r e e " A t f i r s t t h e y t h o u g h t i t c o u l d b e s om e o t h e r s h o ot e r s , h o w e v e r

a c l os e r l o o k s h o w e d t h e m t h e y w e r e i n f a c t l i g h t s , w h i t e a t e a c h s i d e a n d

f l i c k e r i n g r e d i n t h e m i d d le . A g r e en - y e l l o w i s h p h osp h o r o u s t yp e o f g lo w

b e lo w w h i c h i l l um i n a t ed a lon g b o d y a b o v e , e s t im a t e d at a b o u t 8 m e t r e s lon g

a n d 2 m e t r e s h i g h . T h e r e w a s a d e e p w h i r r i n g n o i s e li k e an e l ec t r i c m o t o r o A ft e r 5 s h o t s w e r e fi r ed a t t h e o b j ec t , i t m ov e d s l o w l y a w a y t o w a r d s t h e N E j u s t a b ov e t h e g r o u n d s t i l l r ot a t i n g a n d w h i r r in g o I t g li d e d u p a n d o v e r l ow r i d g e s o n t h e m ar s h , t h e n s u d d e n l y ap p e ar e d at g r e a t s p e e d 1 an d s h o t v e r t i c a l l y i n t o t h e n i g h t s k y . i n a s e c o n d i t h a d d w i n d l e d t o a d o t a n d d i s a p p e a r e d •

S o m e s e c o n d s a f t e r t h e o b j e c t h a d g on e , t h e d o g j u mp e d i n t h r o u g h t h e wi n d o w , i t s h a i r on e n d a n d l o o k i n g d i s t r e s s e d .