The First Customs Issue of China1878 - 1885 Large Dragons

The Jane and Dan Sten Olsson Collection

Sale 1

Auction Saturday April 1, 2017 Lots 1 - 41 commencing at 9:30 am

at TheExcelsiorHotel,HongKong HarbourViewRoom Level3 281GloucesterRoad CausewayBay HongKong Auctiontelephone:+85228686046

Viewing at TheExcelsiorHotel,HongKong KellettRoom Thursday Mar309amto6pm Level3 FridayMar319amto6pm 281GloucesterRoad CausewayBay HongKong

Dr.JeffreyS.Schneider CeciliaVong RobertSchneider DanielWong

Interasia Auctions Limited SuiteA,13/F,ShunHoTower,24-30IceHouseStreet,Central,HongKong Telephone:+85228686046 Facsimile:+85228686146 Email:info@interasia-auctions.com Website:www.interasia-auctions.com

Introduction

Havingalreadyofferedthe1885-1941issuesfromJaneandDanStenOlsson’soutstandingcollectionofChinaintwoauctionsin2010,wearenowhonouredtopresentthemostimportantpartoftheircollection,theFirstCustomsissue(LargeDragons).Thecollectionwillbeofferedinaseriesoffourauctionstobeheldovertwoyears.AsmallselectionofLargeDragonsfromthecollectionwasalreadysoldinour26June2016auction,butthisauctionrepresentsthefirstmajorportionofthecollection.CommencingwiththeDeLaRuehand-paintedessays submittedtoSirRobertHart in1877, this sale includesessaysandproofs,theissuedstampswithacompletesetofsheetsofthe1878thinpaperissue,andsevenenvelopeswithexceptionalcombinationusages including amarvelous26 candarins franking toEngland through theFrenchPostOffice,U.S.PostalAgencycoveroriginatinginChinkiang,JapanesePostOfficeusage,andtheuniqueBritishincomingcovertoNewchwangwiththehandstruck“ToPay”appliedinShanghai.

The first stamps of Imperial China, the Large Dragons, which were issued under the authority of the Imperial MaritimeCustoms,havecapturedtheimaginationofcollectorsalmostfromthemomenttheseappeared.Thattheearlyessays,proofs,andcompletesheetshavesurvivedandbeenavailable toprivatecollectors is, inpart,duetothecollecting interestsof theCustomsofficialsthemselves,eitherashistoricalartifactsorphilatelicitems.AmongthesewereSirRobertHart,RobertdeVillard,andAdolphousDiercking,ofwhosecollectionSirDavidRosewaywrote“ItisprobablythelastofthegreatChinesecollectionswhichwerebuiltuplocallyduringthelateNineteenthCentury,tomanythemostinterestingperiodofChina’sphilatelichistory.”

ThenextgenerationofLargeDragoncollectorswereledbytwoofthegreatestChinaphilatelists,M.D.ChowandSirPercivalDavid.Bornin1878,thesameyearastheissueoftheLargeDragonstamps,M.D.Chowwasadistinguishedmathematicianandscholarofliteratureandart.SirPercivalDavid,whowasamajorbuyerofChinesestampsandceramicsonhisfrequentvisits toShanghai, is,perhaps,betterknownto thegeneralpublic forhis scholarshipandcollectionofChineseporcelain.Thismagnificent collectionispermanentlyhousedinthePercivalDavidFoundationofArt inLondon.OtherpioneeringphilatelistswithimportantcollectionswereEdwinH.FineganandMajorJamesStarr.

NotonlywerenoteworthycollectionsofLargeDragonsformedbySirDavidRoseway,C.Chen,PaulHock,Dr.RobertC.H.Lee,PhilipIreland,andJamesB.Whang,butallofthemalsopublishedseriousoriginalworksonthehistory,settings,andcancellationsoftheLargeDragons.Tostimulateandmotivatecollecting,majorcollectionsneedtocomeonthemarket.The1960’sandearly1970’ssawthemagnificentcollectionsofSaulNewbury,SirDavidRoseway,RobertC.H.Lee,SirPercivalDavid,GodfreyMellor,Dr.WarrenG.Kauder,andRichardCanmanallcomeunderthehammer.Thepresentgenerationofcollectorshasbenefitedfromtheauctionsofthreeofthegreatestcollections,thoseofAnna-LisaandSven-EricBeckeman,LamManYin,andMizuharaMeiso.

Interestingly,significantphilatelicfindsfromcontemporaryfiguresofnineteenthcenturyChinahavealsosurfacedafternearly140years.Twoofthemostnoteworthyarethe“NordenfeltFind”,fromaNorwegiannavalofficerandformerofficialoftheChineseMaritimeCustoms,andthephilatelicholdingsofHenryEverall,whoworkedforthecommercialfirmofHallandHoltzinShanghai.TheNordenfeltfindincludedhithertounknowncompletesheetsofthe1candarinsto5candarinsintherareformatoftwentywithallthreebeingfromuniquesettings,whileEverall’seffectshadnolessthansixteencompletesheetsoftheLargeDragonsandseventeencoversbearingthestampsusedduringtheirfirsttwoyearsofissue(1878-79).ThedisposalofthearchivesofthefamousLondonprinterDeLaRuein1976-77similarlybroughttheearliestproposeddesignsforthefirstpostagestampsofChinatothemarketonehundredyearsaftertheircreation.Theseexquisiteanduniquepiecesofartworkarebeingofferedinthisauction(lot1).

Itwasinthelate1970’sthatDanStenandJaneOlssonbegancollectingstampsundertheguidanceofAnna-LisaandSven-EricBeckeman,whosenameinChinesephilatelyhasbecomesynonymouswiththeLargeDragons.OneoftheOlssons’firstimportant acquisitions, the Great Britain-Newchwang incoming usage with the “To Pay” handstamp, which is also beingofferedinthisauction(lot38),waspurchasedattheauctionoftheRyoheiIshikawacollectionofHongKongandTreatyPortsinLondoninDecember1980.ThesubsequentauctionsofthePaulHock,GiulioMochi,“Ming”,PhilipIreland,MajorJamesStarr,JamesB.Whang,andBeckemancollectionsprovidedthenucleusaroundwhichtoselectivelybuildthiscollection.

Thefullcontentsofthecollectionaredetailedinthebook,The First Customs Issue of the Postage Stamps of China. 1878-1885 Large Dragons. The Jane and Dan Sten Olsson Collection,whichwaspublishedin2006.Thiscataloguesupplementstheinformationcontainedinthebookwithnewresearchandupdatesforthepostalhistory.

Havingbeenentrustedwith the saleof this important collection, it isourwish,aswell as theOlssons’, that the treasuresonofferwillenrichthecollectionsoffellowcollectors,and,furthermore,thattheirdetailedhistorywillservetofurtherourknowledgeofthisfascinatingsubject.

JeffreyS.Schneider

4

The Earliest Designs for the First Proposed Postage Issue of China

The De La Rue Hand-Painted Essays

1 Theartistdrawings for the firstpostagestampsofChinamadebyDeLaRueandsubmitted toSirRobertHart, theInspectorGeneraloftheImperialMaritimeCustoms,throughtheintermediaryofJ.D.Campbell,theChineseCustomsCommissionerinLondonon18June1877.

Thesecomprise:

Verticalformathand-painteddesignsfor1centlake,2centsgreen,and5centsorange-brown,withcentralmotifofyin-yangsymbolbetweentwodragons,theborderingframescomposedoffoliage/floralorgeometricpatterns,withdifferenttypesofupperandlowervaluetablets(theformerwiththedenominationinChinesecharacterandthelatterwithcent[fen]inserted),mountedoncard(80x76mm.)

Horizontalformathand-painteddesignsfor1centlake,2centsgreen,and5centsorange-brown,withcentralmotifofyin-yangsymbolbetweentwodragons,theborderingframescomposedoflatticeandscrollworkorgeometricpatterns,withdifferenttypesofupperandlowervaluetablets(theformerwiththedenominationinChinesecharacterandthelatterwithcent[fen]inserted),mountedoncard(80x76mm.)

Inkdrawingoftheproposedyin-yangwatermarkoncard(74x56mm.).ThisdesignwasattributedtoSirRobertHartandwaseventuallyadoptedforthe1885SmallDragonsissue,aswellasallsubsequentissuesoftheChineseCustomsPost.

HK$1,800,000-2,200,000

These exquisite and beautifully executed drawings are universally acknowledged to be the earliest designs for the first postage stamps of China.

Campbell’s approach to De La Rue in May 1877 had been instigated by a letter sent to him by Gustav Detring to make practical enquiries about the production of postage stamps for China.

ThesedrawingswereoriginallyintheDeLaRuearchiveswiththemanuscriptnotation“Alternative sketches of the proposed Postage Stamps for China - the duties are merely suppositions”.Therewasalsoa letter inthearchives inChinese“From his Excellency Chun Chi’I, Superintendent of Chinese Imperial Customs to H.M. Giles, H.M. Act. Vice Consul….As to the pictures (essays) you were kind enough to enclose, I can only say that the artist has made them into living realities…24th of 11th Moon”(ChristmasDay1877).

TheseremainedintheDeLaRuearchivesuntilRobson Lowe Ltd. was commissionedtosellthedrawings,essays,proofs,andstampsfromthisfamousLondonprintingfirminaseriesofauctionsin1976-77.TheChinesedrawingshadalreadybeendocumentedinJohnEaston’shistoryofDeLaRue(p.832)publishedin1958:“In June 1877 in reply to an enquiry from the Commissioner of Customs, a James B. Campbell, De La Rue had submitted designs for a first issue of the Chinese Imperial Customs Post and these are still in the firm’s archives”.

Provenance DeLaRuearchives,Robson Lowe (Basel),10.3.1977, lot1831.Thisoriginal archivalofferingalso includeda circular

designfora1centinroseandlilacandanovaldesignforthe2centsindeepgreenintendedasembossingonenvelopes,andsamplesoftheproposedenvelopewithpositioningofthestampedembossing.

GiulioMochi,David Feldman (Geneva),24.10.1984,lot40550 “Ming”,Corinphila (Zurich),29.9.1988,lot4079 Anna-LisaandSven-EricBeckeman,Sotheby’s and Corinphila (HongKong),15.5.1997,lotB1

Reference JohnEaston,The De la Rue History of British and Foreign Postage Stamps, 1855-1901 (London :RoyalPhilatelicSociety,

1958),p.832andillustratedonPlate48. PhilipW.Ireland,China. The Large Dragons 1878-1885 (London:RobsonLoweLtd.,1978),pp.13-16. Directorate General of Posts, Ministry of Communications, Republic of China, The Revenue Surcharges China, Vol. II

(Taipei,1987),pp.605-607,813.Illustrated.

5

THE FIRST CUSTOMS ISSUE

ARTIST’S DRAWINGS FOR THE FIRST POSTAGE STAMPS OF CHINA MADE BY DE LARUE AND SUBMITTED TO SIR ROBERT HART, THE INSPECTOR GENERAL OF THEMARITIME CUSTOMS, THROUGH THE INTERMEDIARY OF J.D. CAMPBELL, THE

CHINESE CUSTOMS COMMISSIONER IN LONDON, ON 18 JUNE 1877

Horizontal and vertical hand-painted designs for 1 centlake, 2 cents green, and 5 cents brown-orange from the De

La Rue archives in London (the printer’s reference“Alternate sketches of the proposed Postage Stamps for

China-the duties are merely supposition”)

Ex1

6

THE FIRST CUSTOMS ISSUE

ARTIST’S DRAWINGS FOR THE FIRST POSTAGE STAMPS OF CHINA MADE BY DE LARUE AND SUBMITTED TO SIR ROBERT HART, THE INSPECTOR GENERAL OF THEMARITIME CUSTOMS, THROUGH THE INTERMEDIARY OF J.D. CAMPBELL, THE

CHINESE CUSTOMS COMMISSIONER IN LONDON, ON 18 JUNE 1877

Ink sketch of Yin-Yang watermark to be impressed inthe paper for the proposed postage stamps. The

design was attributed to Sir Robert Hart and actuallyadopted for the Second Customs

(1885 Small Dragon) and subsequent issues

Ex1

7

1 中國擬發行第一套郵票的藝術家手繪稿圖是由德納羅公司籌備,經由當時中國海關駐倫敦辨事處稅務司,金登幹,於1877年6月18日向海關總稅務司,赫德,呈報的。

其稿圖包括：

第一組直規格型式手繪彩圖,一分銀深紅色,二分銀草綠色,五分銀棕橘色三枚。其圓型中心為雙龍戲太極珠圖案,內外框間襯有花卉,彩帶及幾何圖形。上端有一小白框書寫各票之面值數目(一,二,五),下端小白框書寫郵票面值單位(分)。此三個彩色圖貼於一個橫80毫米,高76毫米的硬紙卡上。

第二組橫規格型式手繪彩圖,一分銀深紅色,二分銀草綠色,五分銀棕橘色三枚。其圓型中心為雙龍戲太極珠圖案,內外框間襯有拼花葉菤圖及幾何圖形。左右端(五分票僅有右端)之小白框書寫各票面值(數目及單位)。此三個彩色圖案貼於一個橫80毫米,高76毫米的硬紙卡上。

墨水繪太極水印圖案,貼於橫74毫米高56毫米的硬紙卡上。此圖案為赫德爵士親手設計,日後用於海關印刷1885年小龍郵票及其後郵票等紙上的水印圖。

HK$1,800,000-2,200,000 此乃世界聞名並已被確認為中國最早的擬發行郵票之精緻秀麗手繪藝術稿圖。

德璀琳於1877年5月至函金登幹,請他接洽英國倫敦德納羅公司詢問承印中國郵票的實際程序。

這份稿圖原藏於德納羅公司檔案內,其旁另有手書寫註“可挑選繪擬中國郵票樣圖 ─ 其面值係屬假設”。檔案內另有一枚中文信函,由海關總督Chun Chi E至英國副領事,H.M. Giles: “... 萬分感激貴函及內附圖案，此藝術家技巧神工鬼斧，使此圖栩栩如生...十一月二十四日”,1877年聖誕節。

這份稿圖一直存藏於德納羅檔案內,直到1976-1977年間,英國勞勃遜羅拍賣公司被指托拍賣這個著名英國倫敦印刷公司檔案內之郵票稿圖,樣票及郵票。這此圖案已為英國依斯頓先生於1958年所撰“德納羅公司的歷史”第832頁發表過：經中國海關駐倫敦稅務司金登幹接洽後,德納羅公司於1877年6月回覆呈報中國第一套郵票擬稿圖,其中一份始終存藏於此公司的檔案室內。

來源：

德納羅公司檔案,瑞士勞勃遜羅拍賣公司,1977年10月3日,第1831號拍品。此拍品當時也包括一個一分銀圓型玫瑰色及淡紫色,及一個二分銀橢圓形深綠色圖案作為郵資信封上符誌及一枚有指定符誌位置的樣本封。

莫熙郵集,瑞土富門拍賣公司,1984年10月24日,40550號拍品。

貝克曼夫婦郵集,蘇富比及歌玲菲娜拍賣公司,香港,1997年5月5日,B1拍品。

文獻：

依斯頓先生,德納羅公司的歷史,英國及外國郵票,1855-1901。

倫敦,英國皇家郵會,1958,第832頁；圖片於附錄48。

愛爾蘭先生,中國大龍郵票1878-1885年,倫敦：勞勃遜羅公司,1978年,第13至16頁。

紅印花郵票,下冊,交通部郵政總局編印,台北,1987,582章,第605至607頁；圖片於附錄F41-1,第813頁。

最早的中國郵票設計圖稿

德納羅公司之手繪圖

8

The Accepted Dragon Design Essays and Proofs

Essay of the Accepted Design with “Extra Circle”

採用多一小圏雲龍圖試模樣票

The Large Dragons were printed by the Statistical Department of Customs in Shanghai. The essays were approved after having gone through the proof stage. There is one particularly noticeable difference between these essays and the later stage proofs for the issued stamps. Each of the essays has either five (5 candarins) or six (1 and 3 candarins) pearls, three of which are under the dragon’s left claw. When the issued stamps were to be printed, the middle pearl under the left claw of each value was removed at the proof stage by filing it off. According to M.D. Chow and C. Chen, this was a common practice for official seals and was done for security reasons.

大龍郵票為上海海關造册處承印。其試模樣票為在三種母模草圖中採選出的。試模樣票與較晚階段的試版樣票的最大異處為雲龍圖本來有五個(五分銀)或六個(一分銀及三分銀)小圈,其左下爪處均有三個小圏。正式付印郵票前各三種面值之試版樣票雲龍圖左下爪處之中間小圈被刮去。據周今覺及陳湘濤前輩,這種作法與製造官璽程序相同。

2 3ca.vermilionimperforateonthickpaper,horizontalpair[22-23]with6mm.sheetmarginatfoot,brightcolour,goodtohugemargins,veryfine.

三分銀,橘紅色,無齒無膠厚紙,橫雙連,[22-23],帶6毫米下邊紙,顏色鮮明,邊紙寬,極佳品。

三分銀票可能為最早印刷的面值,這對試印時採用薄,厚兩種紙質作比較選擇有助解讀。

HK$40,000-50,000

The 3 candarins was most probably the first value printed, which helps to explain the early experimentation with two different types of paper.

Provenance SirPercivalDavid,Robson Lowe (London),4.10.1967,lot11 PaulHock,Robson Lowe (Zurich),19.10.1983,lot15 “Ming”,Corinphila (Zurich),25.3.1987,lot4737

9

The Accepted Dragon Design Essays and Proofs

Proofs with the Extra Circle Removed

刮掉小圈雲龍圖試版樣票

After the extra circle was filed off each cliché, plate proofs of the issued design were produced on thin ungummed or gummed paper. These were imperforate. The arrangement of the twenty-five clichés in sheet format was the same as those for the essays with extra circle for all three values, which lends credence to the theory that the circles were filed off while the clichés remained locked in the metal frame in which these were screwed for printing the sheets. Furthermore, the fact that traces remain of these strengthens this argument, since the circles would have been difficult for the artisans to eradicate completely while the clichés were so tightly locked together without much room for maneuvering the filing tool.

An arbitrary number has been assigned to each cliché based on the initial arrangement of the sheets of the extra circle essays and the corresponding first setting of the issued designs.

刮掉小圈後,雲龍圖子模於有膠或無膠紙上先印製試版無齒樣票。三種面值全張之二十五枚子模排列與有多小圈之試模樣票全張排列相同。由此可推論試模樣票全張印刷後,所拼成的印盤沒拆散就直接刮掉左下爪處之中間小圈。此小圈所留下的痕跡更有力的佐證此說：同時被鎖定於一鐵製框內之二十五個子模所留下的空間不多,這使雕刻師及其工具無法盡力發揮技藝把小圈刮盡。各子摸均以第一次試模樣票全張印刷,即第一版,之排序,以左而右,由上而下編號。

3 1ca.greenimperforateonthinwovegummedpaper,SettingI,blockoffour[4-5/9-10]with17mm.sheetmarginattopand7mm.sheetmarginatright,excellentcolour,goodtohugemargins,finetoveryfineappearance,afewlightagespotsinthepaper.

一分銀,緑色,無齒,有膠,白無紋紙,第一版,四方連,[4-5/9-10],帶17毫米上邊紙及7毫米右邊紙,色彩豐富,新票原膠,邊紙有輕微泛黃點。一件罕見的右上角方連。品相極佳。

HK$75,000-90,000

Auction Record Earl P.L. Apfelbaum (Philadelphia),8-9.6.1976,lot2001

10

4 1ca. dark green imperforate on thin wove ungummed paper, Setting II, a fabulous block of four [24-19/5-10] with10mm.sheetmarginatrightand6mm.sheetmarginatfoot,richintensecolourandcharacteristicoverinkedimpression,especiallysoatlowerrightduetoinkmixtureandheavyapplicationoftheprintingplate,onbrilliantwhitepaper,goodtohugemargins,extremelyfineandchoice.Agem.

一分銀,深綠色,無齒,無膠,白無紋紙,第二版一件出色的四方連,[24-19/5-10],帶10毫米右邊紙,6毫米下邊紙,顏色鮮豔,典型的重墨印刷,尤其於票右下角處。紙色雪白,邊紙特寬,一件不可多得的精品。第二版深綠色三件連票之一。此版之深綠色特別清晰,目前已有十八個子模定位了,其第二排票較不平直,有左下右上的現象。以目前發現的樣票觀察,此種深綠色樣票僅有一全張,存世一個九方連及兩個四方連均可聯接。

HK$120,000-150,000

One of only three blocks recorded in this colour from Setting II.

This is a distinctly rich dark shade. Our reconstruction of eighteen of the twenty-five positions shows very poor alignment of the clichés in the second row. From the examples found to date, there must have only one sheet of twenty-five printed in this colour. Only three blocks are known to date - a block of nine and two blocks of four. These three blocks all appear to join.

Provenance SirPercivalDavid,Robson Lowe (London),22.7.1970,lot10 GiulioMochi,David Feldman (Geneva),24.10.1984,lot40560 “Ming”,Corinphila (Zurich),29.9.1988,lot4080 Anna-LisaandSven-EricBeckeman,Sotheby’s and Corinphila (HongKong),7.11.1996,lotA4

5 3ca.brown-redimperforateonthinwoveungummedpaper,SettingI,horizontalpair[17-18],palecolour,fineslightlyirregularimpression,interestinglythereisasmallspotofcontemporaryprintinginkonreversewhichjustshowsthroughtofront,goodtolargemargins,veryfine.

三分銀,棕紅色,無齒,無膠,白無紋紙,第一版,橫雙連,[17-18],顏色較淡,印刷不均,從票面可見票背之一印墨小點。票

邊寬大,佳品。此試版全張樣票上偶也見有印刷墨點。

HK$30,000-40,000

A couple of the proof sheets show similar extraneous ink build ups of the printing ink on the front.

11

6 3ca.brown-redimperforateonthinwoveungummedpaper,SettingI,blockoffour [16-17/21-22]with7.5mm.sheetmarginatleftand8mm.sheetmarginatfoot,brightcolourandsharpimpressiononcrispwhitepaper,goodtohugemargins,extremelyfineandfresh.

三分銀,棕紅色,無齒,無膠,白無紋紙,第一版,左下角四方連,[16-17/21-22],帶7.5毫米左邊紙及8毫米下邊紙,顏色鮮

豔,印刷清晰,紙色特白,邊紙特寬。品相極佳。本方連為此版印刷最清晰的樣票。

HK$120,000-150,000

This block represents one of the more accomplished proof impressions in terms of refined printing.

Provenance GiulioMochi,David Feldman (Geneva),24.10.1984,lot40565

7 3ca.vermilion-redimperforateonverticallylaidpaper,unknownSetting[15],brightfreshcolour,goodtolargemargins,extremelyfineandrare.

三分銀,橘紅色,無齒,直紋紙,版式不詳,[15],顏色鮮明,票邊紙特寬,罕見佳品。條紋紙的樣票存世極少,其版式均未確定,均屬後期印刷。

HK$50,000-60,000

There are very few examples known of these proofs on laid paper, which all come from the later printings and unknown Settings.

Expertisation SignedPeterHolcombe

Provenance LaurieFranks,Robson Lowe (Zurich),20.10.1983,lot855 “Ming”,Corinphila (Zurich),25.3.1987,lot4720

12

Issued Stamps

1878 Thin Paper - The Three Values in Complete Mint Sheets of Twenty-Five

8 1ca.yellow-green,SettingI,acompletesheetoftwenty-fivewithselvedgeallround,deepbrightcolourandoverinkingofouterframelineswiththegreeninkalsopermeatingpaperonreverse,veryfineappearanceunusedwithmuchoriginalslightlybrownishgumwhichbarelyaffectsthefreshnessonfront,neverthelessahighlydesirableandcollectiblesheet.Chan1.

一分銀,黃綠色,第一版,全張25枚新票,邊紙齊全,色彩鮮豔,外框線重墨,透過票背,原膠,背面有些小泛黃點,但不影響到

票面的色澤。一件不可多得,極可收藏的全張票。

HK$250,000-300,000

13

9 3ca.brown-red,SettingI,acompletesheetoftwenty-fivewithselvedgeallround,cliché[12]alreadyshowspronouncedwearinlowerrightclawoftheDragon,lovelyclearcolouronbrightwhitepaper,lightnaturalgumcreasingandtwotinyagespotsofnoconsequenceinmarginsatsides,otherwiseveryfineandwonderfullyfreshmint.Chan2.

三分銀,棕紅色,第一版,全張25枚新票,邊紙齊全,第十二號子模龍右下爪處已見有破損痕跡。紙白色豔,原膠,有自然輕微膠折,邊紙有不重要兩小汚點。品相極佳的全張新票。

HK$350,000-400,000

A Brilliant Mint Sheet of the 3 Candarins

14

10 5ca.orange-yellow,SettingI,acompletesheetoftwenty-fivewithselvedgeallround,richcolouronbrilliantwhitepaper,extremelyfineandpostofficefreshmint,afewhingeremnants inouterselvedgeandneathorizontalcreaseinouterextremityoflowersheetmargin.Atrulymagnificentsheet.Chan3.

五分銀,橘黃色,第一版,全張25枚新票,邊紙齊全,彩色鮮豔,紙色雪白,似郵局新票的原膠,邊紙有極輕微的貼痕及折痕。

一件品相上乘的全張票。

HK$750,000-900,000

An Immaculate Mint Sheet of the 5 Candarins

15

1878 Thin paper

11 1ca.yellow-green,SettingI,horizontalpair[24-25]withsheetmarginatright,outerframelinesoverinkedwithgreeninkpermeatingthereverseasoftenoccursduetopressureofprintingplateonexamplesfromthelowercornersofthesheet,veryfineandfreshunusedwithmuchoriginalgum.Chan1a.

一分銀,黃綠色,第一版,橫雙連,[24-25],帶右邊紙,外框線有重墨現象,透印於票背（過份加壓印盤右下角而形成）。新

票,原膠。

HK$8,000-10,000

12 5ca.yellow-orange[6]withsheetmarginatleft,fineunusedwithmuchoriginalgum,oneperf.attopatrifleshort.Chan3.

五分銀,橘黃色,第一版,6號子模,帶左邊紙,新票,原膠,票上方有短齒。

HK$4,000-5,000

13 5ca.yellow-orange,SettingII,blockoffour[1-2/10-18]fromthelowerleftcornerofthesheet,cancelledbyPekingsealinblue, resplendent colour,well centred, the left vertical pairhas slight thinnings anddiagonal crease at lower left,otherwisefine.Chan3.

五分銀,橘黃色,第二版,左下角四方連,[1-2/10-18],舊票,銷藍色北京中文戳,顏色豐潤,圖案中心佳,左直雙連有輕微揭

薄,左下枚票有輕微對角折痕。上品。

HK$12,000-15,000

16

1882 Thin to pelure paper, stamps printed 4½mm. apart

14 1ca.green,SettingIII,horizontalpair[7-12],brightcolouronpristinewhitepaper,veryfinemint,onebluntperf.atleft.Chan4.

一分銀,綠色,第三版,橫雙連,[7-12],新票,紙白色鮮,原膠,票左方有一小短齒。上品。

HK$12,000-15,000

Provenance PaulHock,Robson Lowe (Zurich),19.10.1983,lot46

15 1ca.green,SettingIII,showingpartof“K”of“Monckton/Kent”papermaker’swatermark,deepcolour,idealcentring,cancelledbyTientsinlargetype2seal,veryfine.Chan4h.

一分銀,綠色,第三版,舊票,有部份“M0NCKT0N,KENT”之K字水印。色彩鮮豔,圖案中心上佳,銷天津大型陰篆文戳。

HK$6,000-8,000

16 1ca.green,SettingIII,verticalpair[10/19],cancelledby“Customs/Shanghai”double-ringd.s.of“Oct1282”inred,bluntperfs.atfoot,fineandfreshappearance.Chan4.

一分銀,綠色,第三版,直雙連,[10/19],銷紅色上海海關日戳,1882年10月12日,下枚票下方有短齒,外表極佳。

HK$10,000-12,000

17

17 3ca.brown-red,roughperfs.,SettingVI,horizontalpair[9-16],deepcolour,particularlywellcentred,cancelledbyTientsinlargetype2seal,lightbendsfromtheenvelopetowhichitwasoriginallyaffixed,somesplitandreinforcedperfs.,finepositionalpiececontainingthekeypositionfordeterminingthisSetting.Chan5.

三分銀,棕紅色,毛齒,第六版,橫雙連,[9-16],顏色鮮豔,圖案中心極佳,銷天津大型陰篆文戳。票背有貼於封上的折痕,部分齒孔分開後再接連。判斷此版式之關鍵連票。三分銀闊邊票第六及第七版式唯一差別在第六版之16號子模在第七版即以第24號子模替換。

HK$6,000-8,000

The wide margin printings of the 3 candarins emanate from Settings VI and VII. The only difference between the two settings is that cliché 16 from Setting VI has been substituted by cliché 24 in Setting VII.

18 5ca.yellow-ochre,SettingIII,horizontalpair[6-20],goodcolour,wellcentred,centrallycancelledbyTientsinseal,leftstamphastwotears(onebeing5mm.atlowerright),somewrinklingandroughorshortperfs.,fineappearanceforthisscarcemultiple.Chan6.

五分銀,赭黃色,第三版,橫雙連,[6-20],顔色鮮明,圖案中心良好,鎖天津中文戳,左枚票有兩破處,其一為右下處5毫米。外表不錯,闊邊五分銀連票罕見。

HK$6,000-8,000

1883-85 Thicker, more opaque paper

19 3ca.red,clean-cutperfs.,SettingVIII,horizontalpair[15-1],nicecolour,wellcentred,centrallycancelledbyPekingsealinblue,leftstamphasheavyverticalcreaseresultinginsomesplitting,fineappearance.Chan8.

三分銀,紅色,光齒,第八版,橫雙連,[15-1],色彩鮮豔,圖案中心佳良,銷藍色北京中文戳,左枚票有折。品中上。

HK$3,000-4,000

18

The Exquisite Mint Corner Block of Six of the 3 Candarins, Clean-cut Perforations, Setting IX, Containing

Six of the Eight Identified Positions of this Rare Setting

一件卓越三分銀光齒第九版左下角六方連新票

此版確定八模位之六

20 3ca.vermilion,clean-cutperfs.,SettingIX, therenownedblockof six [17-11/21-10/3-8]withcompletesheetmargins

atleftandfoot,exceptionaldistinctivecolouronpristinewhitepaper,nearperfectcentringwithintactperforationsallround,unusedwithpracticallyfulloriginalgum,lighthorizontalcreasecrossestopofsecondhorizontalrowofstampsandthereisalightdiagonalgumbendacrossthelowerleftstamp,bothofwhichareinconsequentialinthecontextoftheextremelyfineandwonderfullyfreshconditionofthisimportantblock.Chan8.

三分銀,橘紅色,光齒,第九版,[17-11/21-10/3-8],帶左下邊紙,色彩豐潤鮮明,紙白原膠,典型圖案中心,齒孔完整,第二排票上處有輕微折痕,左下枚票有輕微對角膠折。此兩小缺點對本件賞心悅目的連票是瑕不掩瑜。

HK$200,000-250,000

A phenomenal multiple of irrefutable philatelic significance to the study of the Settings of the 3 candarins.

This is the largest recorded multiple for Setting IX, and the block contains six of the eight confirmed positions. The fact that is from the lower left corner of the sheet with complete sheet margins has enabled researchers to definitively establish these positions in the Setting.

Provenance and Auction Record E.H.Finegan,Harmer Rooke(London),14.10.1937,lot30.Thisisdescribedinthecatalogueasa“vermilion,brilliant

shade(colourof1883issue)…possiblyanunidentifiedsettingofthefirstissue…” SirPercivalDavid,Robson Lowe (London),22.7.1970,lot12 George Alevizos (SantaMonica),8.2.1979,lot1063 PhilipIreland,Christie’s Robson Lowe (Zurich),25.5.1989,lot2123 Anna-LisaandSven-EricBeckeman,Sotheby’s and Corinphila (HongKong),15.5.1997,lotB47

一件對研究三分銀票版式的關鍵連票。

本件為目前發現三分銀第九版最大連票,其左下邊紙使已確定八子模之六的定位毋庸置疑。

來源：

菲那根郵集,倫敦哈馬拍賣行,1937年10月14日,第30號拍品。當時目錄説明為：橘紅色,色彩鮮豔,（似1883年發行的顏色）,可能為一個尚未發現的版式。

大衛爵士郵集,倫敦勞勃遜羅拍公司,1970年7月22日,第12號拍品 Alevizos拍賣公司,1979年2月8日,第1063號拍品 愛爾蘭郵集,瑞士勞勃遜羅,1989年5月25日,第2123號拍品 貝克曼夫婦郵集,瑞士蘇富比及歌娜非拉拍賣公司,1997年5月15日,第B47號拍品

19

THE FIRST CUSTOMS ISSUE

1883 THICK PAPER AND CLEAN-CUT PERFORATION

3 Candarins

Setting IX

Corner block of six [17-11/21-10/3-8] comprising sixof the eight identified positios

20

21 3ca. brown-red, clean-cut perfs., Setting XII, horizontal pair [23-4], exemplificative colour, well centred, fine unusedwithoutgum,lighthorizontalbend.Chan8.

三分銀,棕紅色,光齒,第十二版,橫雙連,[23-4],顏色鮮明,圖案中心上佳,新票無膠,輕微折痕。

HK$10,000-12,000

23 5ca.chrome-yellow,clean-cutperfs.,SettingV,horizontalpair[18-6],dazzlingcolour,choicecentring,cancelledbytwopartstrikesofChefoosealinblue,veryfine.Chan9.

五分銀,鉻黃色,光齒,第五版,橫雙連,[18-6],色彩豐潤,圖案中心極佳,銷兩個部分藍色煙台中文戳,佳品。

HK$5,000-6,000

24 5ca.chrome-yellow,clean-cutperfs.,SettingV,horizontalstripoffour[18-6-12-14],lovelycolour,centrallycancelledbyPekingsealsinblue,thelefttwostampshavesmallinsignificantcreasesattop,finetoveryfine.Chan9.

五分銀,鉻黃色,光齒,第五版,橫四連,[8-6-12-4],顏色鮮美,銷藍色北京中文戳,左兩枚票上方有輕微小折。上品。

HK$15,000-20,000

22 3ca.brown-red,clean-cutperfs.,cliché[4]beingthevarietysemi-circletorightoflowerleft“3”,deepcolour,wellcentred,cancelledbyShanghaisealwhichleavesthevarietyclear,veryfine,oneshortperf.atupperleft.Chan8c.

三分銀,棕紅色,光齒,4號子模左下“3”邊有半月圈變體,顏色深鮮,圖案中心上佳,銷上海中文戳,無掩變體。左上角有一短齒。

HK$3,000-4,000

21

A Superlative Block of Twelve of the 1 Candarin, Rough Perforations, Setting VIIThe Largest Recorded Multiple from this Setting

一件超卓的一分銀第七版厚紙毛齒十二連新票

此版為存世最大連票

25 1ca.brightgreen,roughperfs.,SettingVII,theincredibleblockoftwelve[4-1-18-12/13-23-6-19/11-18-15-14]withfullsheetmarginsattopandsidesrepresentingthetopthreerowsofthesheet,sumptuouscolouronremarkablybrilliantwhitepaper,insignificantcreaseinsheetmarginattop,extremelyfinepristinemint.“Sanspareil”.Chan10.

一分銀,綠色,毛齒,第七版,一件可遇不可求十二連票,[4-1-18-12/13-23-6-19/11-18-15-14],全張上三排郵票帶三邊紙,色彩鮮豔,紙色雪白,原膠,上邊紙有輕微折痕。獨一無二的極佳品。

第六及第七版上兩排票的子模位置相同,故連票須有包括下三排票始能判斷其版式。此第七版式票均為毛齒。存世一分銀第七版最大連票,全張上三排。

HK$350,000-400,000

The top two horizontal rows of Settings VI and VII are identical, so one cannot differentiate between these two Settings unless multiples include stamps from the lower three rows of the sheet. This Setting is only known with rough perforations.

The largest recorded unused multiple of Setting VII. It comprises the top three rows of the sheet.

Provenance MajorJamesStarr,Sotheby’s (London),11.9.1991,lot22 Anna-LisaandSven-EricBeckeman,Sotheby’s and Corinphila (Zurich),15.5.1997,lotB22

22

THE FIRST CUSTOMS ISSUE

1885 THICK PAPER ROUGH PERFORATION

3 Candarins

Setting XIV

A partial reconstruction comprising block of four [5-23/13-14],strip of four [13-14-18-1], and pairs [1/9], [17/21], [17-24], and [15-26]

23

A Partial Reconstruction of the 3 Candarins, Rough Perforations, Setting XIV

三分銀毛齒第十四版部分組合

The following six lots comprise a partial used reconstruction of this Setting. The largest recorded used multiples from this Setting are two used sheets of twenty (both without margins).

以下六個拍號均為此版部分組合舊票。此版最大連票為兩件二十連票,均無邊紙。

26 3ca.vermilion-red,roughperfs.,SettingXIV,alovelyblockoffour[5-23/13-14]fromthetopleftcornerofthesheet,vividcolourandoutstandingcentringonbrightwhitepaper,eachstampcentrallycancelledbyPekingsealinbluewhichprovidesastrikingcontrastwiththecolourofthestamp,extremelyfineandofpeerlessquality.Chan11.

三分銀,橘紅色,毛齒,第十四版,左上角四方連,[5-23/13-14],顏色鮮明,圖案中心極佳,紙色雪白,每枚票銷藍色北京中文戳,與票色顯出強烈對照。精美佳品。

HK$20,000-25,000 Provenance JamesB.Whang,Christie’s Swire (HongKong),2.11.1994,lot1627

27 3ca.brown-red,roughperfs.,SettingXIV,horizontalstripoffour[13-14-18-1]representingthesecondrowofthesheet,cliché[18]showspronouncedbreakintopleftcorner,brightcolourborderingonred,onfreshwhitepaper,cancelledbyTientsinsealinblue,veryfineandchoice.Chan11,b.

三分銀,棕紅色,毛齒,第十四版,橫四連,[13-14-18-1],全張第二排票,第十八號子模左上角破損嚴重,顏色鮮豔,靠近紅

色,紙色雪白,銷藍色天津中文戳。佳品。

HK$15,000-20,000 Provenance PaulHock,Robson Lowe (Zurich),19.10.1983,lot111

24

28 3ca.brown-red,roughperfs.,SettingXIV,verticalpair[1/9],paleshadewithlowerstampshowinglightercolouratfootduetounevenimpression,cancelledbyTientsinsealinbluewithsmallpartofmatchingCustomsdouble-ringd.s.,fine.Chan11.

三分銀,棕紅色,毛齒,第十四版,直雙連,[1/9],色澤淡薄,因印刷壓力不平均故下枚票顏色更淡,銷藍色天津中文戳及一

部分天津海關日戳。

HK$5,000-6,000

29 3ca.brown-red,roughperfs.,SettingXIV,verticalpair[17/21],deepishcolour,cancelledbyTientsinsealinblue,veryfine.Chan11.

三分銀,棕紅色,毛齒,第十四版,直雙連,[17/21],顏色深厚,銷藍色天津中文戳。上品。

HK$5,000-6,000

31 3ca.brown-red,roughperfs.,SettingXIV,horizontalpair[15-26]fromthelowerrightcornerofthesheet,clearcolour,nearperfectcentring,centrallycancelledbyboldTientsinsealinblue,veryfineandfresh.Chan11.

三分銀,棕紅色,毛齒,第十四版,橫雙連,[15-26],全張之右下角,顏色鮮明,圖案中心極佳,銷藍天津中文戳。佳品。

HK$5,000-6,000

31

30

2928

30 3ca. brown-red, rough perfs., Setting XIV, horizontal pair [17-24], nice red colour, cliché [17] showing pronouncedconstantprogressiveweartoframeatfoot,centrallycancelledbyTientsinseal,veryfine.Chan11.

三分銀,棕紅色,毛齒,第十四版,橫雙連,[17-24],[17]號子模右下外框線逐漸細薄,銷藍色天津中文戳。佳品。

HK$5,000-6,000

25

32 3ca.brown-red,roughperfs.,SettingXVI,horizontalstripof three [11-3-21],characteristicpalecolouruniquetothisSetting,cancelledbytwocompletestrikesofTientsinsealinbluewithsmallpartofmatchingCustomsdouble-ringd.s.,leftstamphaslightdiagonalcrease,neverthelessveryfine.Chan11.

三分銀,棕紅色,毛齒,第十四版,橫三連,[11-3-21],色澤淡薄,為本版僅有特點,銷兩枚藍色天津中文戳及一部份天津海關日戳。左枚票有輕微對角折痕。上品。據貝克曼夫婦,按照印刷時間排列,本版應於第十二版與第十三版間印刷的。貝

克曼夫婦：大龍三分銀票之一個新版式。倫敦中國郵學雜誌,第263號,1989年8月,第124頁。HK$10,000-12,000

According to the Beckemans, this Setting belongs chronologically between Settings XII and XIII. See Lisa and Sven E. Beckeman, “A New Setting for the 3 Candarins”, Journal of Chinese Philately, No. 263 (August 1989), p. 124.

Provenance Anna-LisaandSven-EricBeckeman,Sotheby’s and Corinphila (HongKong),7.11.1996,lotA61

33 5ca.chrome-yellow,roughperfs.,SettingVII,blockoffour[8-17/11-10],idealcolour,cancelledbytwocompletestrikesoftheTientsinseal,lightcreasing,veryfine.Chan12.

五分銀,鉻黃色,毛齒,第七版,四方連,[8-17/11-10],正統典型的顏色,銷天津中文戳。有輕微的折痕。佳品。

HK$15,000-20,000

Provenance GiulioMochi,David Feldman (Geneva),24.10.1984,lot40608B

26

A Fantastic Block of Twelve of the 5 Candarins, Rough Perforations, Setting VII from the Top Three Rows of the Sheet

一件非凡五分銀第七版毛齒右上角十二連新票

34 5ca.chrome-yellow,roughperfs.,SettingVII,blockoftwelve[8-17-7-3/11-10-22-5/6-4-16-24]withfullsheetmarginsattopandright,representingthetopthreerowsofthesheet,vividcolour,onbrightwhitepaperofafreshnesswhichisunusualforthisSetting,showingpronounced“bite”oftheprintingplateonreverse,extremelyfineandwonderfullyfreshunusedwithoutgum.Chan12.

五分銀,鉻黃色,第七版,毛齒,十二連新票,[8-17-7-3/11-10-22-5/6-4-16-24],帶右上邊紙,全張之上三排票,色彩鮮豔,紙色雪白,為本版票不平常的現象。票背可看出郵票印刷壓痕。票品極佳,新票無膠。本版最大連票為一件十五連票。本件為全張上三排票。這是唯一一件帶有右上邊紙的連票。票紙色如此潔白是極罕見,因此版大部分帶膠新票均因熱帶氣候而泛黃。

HK$200,000-250,000

The largest unused multiple from this Setting is an unused block of fifteen. This block is noteworthy for the fact that it comprises the top three rows of the sheet and seems to be the only such recorded block with full sheet margins at the top and right. Such freshness of the paper is highly unusual for this late Setting, in which a number of the surviving blocks have become heavily tropicalised.

Auction Record Christie’s Robson Lowe (Zurich),14.6.1990,lot1160

27

Covers

28

35 1879(15Nov.)envelopefromTientsintoBirkinRectory,Terrybridge,Yorkshire,Englandbearingonreverse1878thinpaper1ca.green[21]fromtheleftofthesheetshowingplatevarietybreakinframelineatfoot,and5ca.orange,SettingI,verticalstripofthree[15/20/25]withsheetmarginatrightandsingles(2,onewithsheetmargin),cancelledbyTientsinsmalltype1seal,matching“Customs/Tientsin”double-ringdespatchd.s.and“Customs/Shanghai”double-ringtransitd.s.(19.11)adjacent,andonfrontFrancePeaceandCommerce35c.(2)cancelledbylargefigures“5104”andshowing“Shang-hai/Chine” c.d.s. (20.11) alongside,with “LigneN/…” c.d.s. (28.11) tyingone5ca. stamp and “Normanton”c.d.s.(2.1.80)onreverse,envelopeopenedoutfordisplay,theFrenchstampsaredefectiveandtheLargeDragonshavesmallfaults(includingonecornerofthe1ca.whichwascreasedonapplicationandhasbeenfoldedback)whicharetobeexpectedforalargefrankingofthisnature,veryfineandexceptionalappearance.Anastoundingfranking.Chan1,d,3.

HK$600,000-800,000

The 26 candarins double rate to England via Marseilles or Southampton, according to the “Postal Notification” of 1 November 1878. Interestingly, the “Postal Notification” of 1 November 1879 lowered the single rate from 13 candarins to 11 candarins, effective from 15 November. Although sent on the inaugural date of the new rate, this letter was accepted at the old rate.

Provenance and Auction Record M.D.Chow AllenGokson Dr.WarrenG.Kauder,Robson Lowe (London),10.11.1971,lot43 Christie’s Robson Lowe (London),28.5.1991,lot486

Reference JamesB.Whang,A Comprehensive Illustration on Covers of Chinese Large Dragons (Taipei:Whang’sPhilatelicFoundation,

1997),pp.110-111.Illustrated. RichardPratt,Imperial China. History of the Posts to 1896 (London,1994),p.209. RobertKong,“AStudyofthePostageRatesofLargeDragonCoversMailedtoForeignCountries”,The China Stamp

Society. R.O.C. Chapter, Vol.17(2008),pp.10-25.

1879年11月15日,天津寄英國約克郡封。封背貼大龍一分銀薄紙,[21]模,帶左邊紙及五分銀薄紙第一版直三連,[15/20/25],及二單枚（一枚有邊紙）銷天津關小型陰篆文戳,另有天津海關發信戳（79年11月15日）及上海海關轉遞戳（11月19日）。封面貼法國客郵35仙丁票兩枚,銷5104號菱形點式戳及法上海客郵局日戳（11月20日）,法郵輪日戳（11月28日）騎縫一枚五分銀郵票,英國諾馬敦到達戳（80年1月2日）。封已剖開,法客郵郵票有破損,大龍票有小瑕疵：貼一分銀票時其右下角有折,又被回折使天津日戳似不騎縫,這是貼多枚票難免的現象。一件賞心悅目,郵票琳琅的大龍封。

據1878年11月1日的郵政章程通告,26分銀為當時經馬塞或南普敦寄英國的雙倍郵資。但據1879年11月1日之郵政通

告,11月15日起實施,寄英國郵資應減降為11分銀。本封於新郵資表首實施日寄出,但仍然以舊郵資表貼票。

A Stunning 26 Candarins Franking to England Through the French Post Office

29

一件令人矚目貼二十六分銀經法客郵局寄英國大龍封

30

36 1881(12Apr.)envelopefromtheGermanLegationinPekingtoMunich(arrival)bearingonreverse1878thinpaper3ca.red-brown,SettingIII,blockofsix[24-7-5/14-3-12],cancelledbyPekingsealsinblue,matching“I.G.ofCustoms/Peking”double-ringdespatchd.s.of“Apl1281”and“Customs/Shanghai”double-ringtransitd.s.(18.4)adjacent,andonfrontFrancePeaceandCommerce10c.pairand25c.pair,cancelledbylargefigures“5104”,showing“Shang-hai/Chine”c.d.s.(18.4)alongside,with“LigneN/Paq.Fr.No.?”c.d.s.(25.4),arrivalc.d.s.andembossedpapersender’ssealofthe“KaiserlichDeutscheGesandtschaft/Peking”onreverse,theenvelopeopenedoutfordisplay(beingaheavylinenenvelopethereisresultantsplittingalongthejoin)andoneFrance25c.hassmallfaults,averyfineandsplendidusageofimmenserarity.Chan2.

HK$300,000-400,000

The 18 candarins double rate to Europe.

This envelope is from the Tattenbach correspondence, which is also well-known for the famous cover bearing the block of nine of the wide margin 5 candarins.

The largest recorded multiple of the 3 candarins of any Setting on cover. There are only three covers recorded bearing Large Dragons 3 candarins blocks of six: the above envelope, which is the earliest; 1881 (2 Dec.) envelope to Hong Kong bearing 3 candarins, Setting II, block of six; and 1882 (8 Aug.) envelope from Newchwang to Exeter, England bearing wide margin 3 candarins, Setting VI or VII, block of six. This third envelope is also in the Olsson collection and will be offered in a future auction.

The above block of six is also the largest recorded multiple from Setting III. It contains the key cliché [7], which allows us to identify Setting III and distinguish it from Setting IV. Having become damaged, cliché [7] was replaced by cliché [26] in Setting IV.

Provenance and Auction Record Dr.WarrenG.Kauder,Robson Lowe (London),10.11.1971,lot45 Christie’s Robson Lowe (Zurich),14.6.1990,lot1162 Anna-LisaandSven-EricBeckeman,Sotheby’s and Corinphila (HongKong),15.5.1997,lotB83

Reference JamesB.Whang,A Comprehensive Illustration on Covers of Chinese Large Dragons (Taipei:Whang’sPhilatelicFoundation,

1997),pp.185-186.Illustrated.

1881年4月12日由北京德公使館寄幕尼黑。封背貼大龍三分銀,薄紙,紅棕色,第三版六連票,[24-7-5/14-3-12],銷藍色北京中文戳及一枚北京海關總署發信戳（81年4月12日）,上海海關轉遞戳（4月18日）,封面貼法客郵郵票10仙丁及25仙丁各一雙連,銷5104號菱形點式戳及法上海客郵局日戳（4月18日）,法郵輪日戳（4月25日）,幕尼黑到達戳。封背亦貼一枚德國駐北京公使館封緘印標。封已剖開。一枚法25仙丁票有破損,信封麻布紙相接處有分離現象。一件不可多得珍罕大龍封。

18分銀為當時寄歐洲雙倍郵資。

此封為寄給TATTENBACH信函之一。其最聞名封為一件貼大龍闊邊五分銀九連票。

目前存世記錄僅有三件貼三分銀六連票的大龍封：本拍品,最早使用例；1881年12月2日,北京寄香港貼第二版六連票；及1882年8月8日,牛莊寄英國貼闊邊三分銀六連票（第六或第七版）。第三封也屬歐爾森夫婦郵集內,日後將由本公司拍出。

本封三分銀六方連票為存世第三版最大連票其七號子模為判斷第三或第四版之重要子模,因七號子模逐漸損壞後印刷第四版票時即以二十六號子模替換。

A Spectacular Double Rate Franking from the German Legation in Peking to Europe Bearing a 3 Candarins Block of Six

The Largest Recorded Multiple of the 3 Candarins of any Setting on Cover

31

一件相當可觀貼三分銀六方連票由北京德公使館寄出雙倍郵資大龍封

32

37 1882 (12 Aug.) envelope to Middletown, Connecticut (25.9) via San Francisco (17.9) bearing on reverse 1878 thinpaper 3ca. red-brown, cancelled by “Customs/Chinkiang” double-ring d.s., another fine strike of the datestamp andred“Customs/Shanghai”double-ringtransitd.s.(13.8)adjacent,andonfrontU.S.5c.bluecancelledbycorktypeandshowing“U.S.PostalAgcy/Shanghai”c.d.s.(23.8)alongside,with“SanFrancisco/PaidAll”c.d.s.inredonreverseand“Middletown/Conn.”arrivalc.d.s. tying theLargeDragon3ca., theenvelopeopenedout fordisplay,avery fineanddesirableLargeDragon-U.S.combinationcover.Chan2.

HK$600,000-800,000

The 3 candarins domestic rate and 5 cents for foreign postage to the U.S.A.

One of only two recorded usages of a Large Dragon from Chinkiang in combination with the U.S. Postal Agency.

Provenance Dr.WarrenG.Kauder,Robson Lowe (London),10.11.1971,lot48 “Ming”,Corinphila (Zurich),25.3.1987,lot4775

Reference JamesB.Whang,A Comprehensive Illustration on Covers of Chinese Large Dragons (Taipei:Whang’sPhilatelicFoundation,

1997),pp.265-266.Illustrated.

A Brief Census of the Eleven Extant Large Dragon - U.S. combination frankings :

Chinkiang - 2 Ichang - 2 Tientsin - 5 Incoming - 2

1882年8月12日鎮江寄美國米得郡。封背貼一枚大龍薄紙三分銀票,紅棕色,銷鎮江海關發信戳（8月12日）另有第二枚鎮江關日戳,紅色上海海關轉遞戳（8月13日）。封面貼一枚美國五分票,銷黑色“無聲戳”及一枚美國上海郵政代辦局日戳（8月23日）。紅色舊金山轉遞戳（9月17日）及米得郡到達戳（9月25日）騎縫大龍三分銀票。封已剖開。一件令人愛不惜手的大龍中美混貼封。

三分銀為國內郵資,美郵五分為寄美國國際郵資。

鎮江關大龍中美混貼封存世僅有兩件。

存世大龍中美混貼封簡計：

鎮江關兩封；宜昌關兩封；天津關五封；進口封兩件。

The Highly Important Chinkiang Customs Large Dragon Cover Sent Through the U.S. Postal Agency

33

一件高檔鎮江海關寄出中美混貼大龍封

34

38 1882(8Dec.)envelopefromManchestertoNewchwang(17.2.83)bearingGreatBritain1d.and4d.grey-brownplate18,cancelledby“Manchester/498”duplex,andshowingonreverse“HongKong/B”(15.1.83)and“Shanghae/A”(21.1.83)c.d.s.oftheBritishPostOffice,“Customs/Shanghai”double-ringtransitd.s.(22.1.83)inred,and“ToPay”framedh.s.(on front)appliedat theCustomsPost inShanghai,with1878thinpaper1ca.greenpairwithsheetmarginat rightoverlappedbyasingle,appliedonarrivalandcancelledby“Customs/Newchwang”double-ringd.s.of“Feb1783”,theenvelopeopenedoutfordisplayandsomeagespotting,verticalfilingfoldcrossesonerowofperfs.ofoneofthe1ca.stamps,oneofwhichhasabluntcorner,notreallyhavinganyeffectontheexceptionalnatureofthisimportantandremarkablecover.Chan1.

HK$2,000,000-2,500,000

The 3 candarins domestic rate applicable for foreign mail to north China.

Since China was not a member of the U.P.U., mail to places in China other than Shanghai was subject to domestic postage upon arrival in China. Overseas mail destined for northern China arrived through the ports of Shanghai or Tientsin (actually the deep water port of Tongku where there was a permanent Customs postal official). In the case of Shanghai, a “To Pay” instructional marking was applied as an indication to the appropriate local postal authority that the internal postage needed to be collected from the addressee.

This is the only recorded example of the “To Pay” handstamp used on a Large Dragon cover.

Provenance MichaelNewbury,Robert A. Siegel(NewYork),7.2.1962,lot120 Sir PercivalDavid,Robson Lowe (Basel), 20.3.1975, lot 1017. Inhis description,RobsonLowewrote that this is “an

outstandingcoverandprobablythatofthegreatestrarityamongLargeDragoncovers”. C.L.Kao RyoheiIshikawa,Sotheby’s(London),4-5.12.1980,lot607

Reference JamesB.Whang,A Comprehensive Illustration on Covers of the Large Dragons(Taipei,1997),pp.307-308.Illustrated. DirectorateGeneralofPosts,MinistryofCommunications,RepublicofChina,The Revenue Surcharges China 1897,Vol.

II(Taipei,1987),p.916.

1882年12月8日英國曼徹斯特寄牛莊進口封。封面貼英國一便士及四便士票各一枚,銷曼徹斯特498號駌鴦日戳（82年12月8日）。封背銷一枚香港B字小圓日戳（83年1月15日）,英上海客郵局A字小圓日戳（1月21日）,紅色上海海關轉遞戳（1月22日）及一枚上海海關黑色補費戳（封面）。抵牛莊關後加貼大龍一分銀薄紙横雙連帶右邊紙,被另一枚一分銀票掩蓋,銷牛莊關83年2月17日到達戳。封已剖開,有些古老泛黃點,於一枚票齒孔線上有折,一枚票缺一小角。這對於此件可遇不可求的珍罕大龍封是瑕不掩瑜。

三分銀為寄華北進口封須支付的國內郵資。

當時中國尚未加入萬國郵盟,寄給上海以外的進口封應補付國內郵資。寄華北進口封可由上海或天津（其附近塘沽深水港全年駐一位海關稅務司）轉遞。如由上海關進口,通常會加銷一枚補費戳,顯示於抵目的地郵政當局於投遞時須向收信者補收國內郵資費。唯一銷上海關補費戳及寄牛莊關進口封。

The Unique Incoming Cover to Newchwang with “To Pay” Handstamp and Large Dragon Franking Applied on Arrival

35

獨一無二銷上海關補費戳,抵牛莊後再加貼大龍郵票進口封

36

39 1883 (17 Jan.) envelope to Peking bearing 1882 wide margin 1ca. green, Setting III, horizontal strip of three [3-24-19], richcolouronbrightwhitepaper, to“Edwin Liot Esq, Customs, Peking”,cancelledbyShanghai seal,andshowing“Customs/Shanghai”double-ringorigind.s.of“Jan1783”inredonreverse,theenvelopeopenedoutfordisplayandtheaddressee’snameerased,thestrip(appliedjustoverthetopofthecover)hasminortracesofrustattop,averyfinedomesticusagepayingthe3candarinsrate.Chan4.

HK$120,000-150,000

The 3 candarins domestic rate unusually paid with 1 candarin stamps.

According to James B. Whang, this is one of only two recorded 3 candarins domestic frankings bearing the wide margin 1 candarin in a strip of three.

The other envelope was also sent from Shanghai to Peking, except it was despatched on 26 January 1883. The addressee’s name is also erased. There is also an 1882 (5 Nov.) envelope from London to Peking bearing wide margin 1ca. pair and single applied on arrival in Shanghai and similarly cancelled for subsequent despatch by the winter overland service to northern China (Huang Ming-Jeng collection, Interasia, 29.6.2013, lot 141).

Provenance SirPercivalDavid,Robson Lowe (London),13.11.1969,lot2009

Reference JamesB.Whang,A Comprehensive Illustration on Covers of Chinese Large Dragons (Taipei:Whang’sPhilatelicFoundation,

1997),pp.331-332.Illustrated.

1883年1月17日上海寄北京國內封。封面貼大龍一分銀闊邊,第三版,橫三連票,[3-24-19],票色鮮艷,紙色雪白,銷上海關中文戳及一枚紅色上海海關日戳（83年1月17日）於封背。收信者為北京海關總署稅務司Edwin Liot氏,但其名已被刮掉。封已剖開。封面上貼橫三連票處有些污點。

一件罕見以闊邊一分銀三連票支付國內三分銀郵資。 據黃建斌先生之巨作,貼一分銀闊邊三連票之國內封存世僅有二件。

另一件為1883年1月26日由上海寄北京,其收信人名字已被剪掉。也見有一件1882年11月5日倫敦寄北京進口封,經上海關時加貼闊邊一分銀橫雙連及單枚票支付寄華北（經冬令陸路郵班）國內郵資,票也是銷上海關中文戳。（黃明正郵集,Interasia拍賣公司,2013年6月29日,第141號拍品。）

A Marvelous Domestic Franking with the Wide Margin 1 Candarin

37

一件出色貼大龍一分銀闊邊票國內封

38

40 1884(7Mar.)red-bandenvelopeaddressedinChinesefromTientsintotheMinistryofForeignAffairsinPekingbearing1883 thick paper 3ca. brown-red, clean-cut perfs., cancelled by Tientsin large type 2 seal, with matching “Customs/Tientsin”double-ringorigind.s.onreverse,envelopeopenedoutfordisplay,finetoveryfineandascarceexampleofared-bandusage.Chan8.

HK$120,000-150,000 The 3 candarins domestic rate.

There are only approximately thirty or so Chinese language Large Dragons covers recorded. Although there were nine such covers in the James Starr collection, which was sold in 1991, this large quantity is not a true reflection of their real scarcity. The vast majority of Chinese language covers were mailed from Tientsin to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Peking, and many also show the “Bo Si Da” framed handstamp for the Tientsin Customs Postal Agency. It seemed to operate until early 1883, after which Chinese language letters were handled directly by the Customs Post Office. Whether the closure of this office has any correlation with the sharp drop in the amount of extant Chinese mail subsequently handled by the Customs Post is a question for further investigation.

This 1884 red-band envelope is one of the very small number of Chinese language Large Dragon covers which were handled by the Customs Post directly.

Provenance Anna-LisaandSven-EricBeckeman,Sotheby’s and Corinphila (HongKong),7.11.1996,lotA199

Reference JamesB.Whang,A Comprehensive Illustration on Covers of Chinese Large Dragons (Taipei:Whang’sPhilatelicFoundation,

1997),pp.392-393.Illustrated. SirDavidRoseway,“AStudyoftheCancellationsontheFirstTwoIssuesofChina(LargeandSmallDragons)”,The China

Clipper,Vol.XIX,Nos.4&5(May-July1955),p.70.Thisisitem26.

1884年3月7日天津寄北京直隸駐京公所紅條封,貼一枚大龍三分銀票,棕紅色,厚紙光齒,銷天津關大型陰篆文戳及一枚天津海關發信戳（84年3月7日）。封已剖開。佳品。

大龍中文封存世紀錄約有三十件。1991年施塔拍賣郵集內見有9枚，但此大數目不一定就表示不稀罕。大部分大龍中文封均由天津寄北京“總理各國事務衙門”或“直隷督部駐京公所”；亦有銷天津海關撥駟達書信館方型陰曆日戳。此館於1883年初停辦，之後中文封就由海關郵務處不分華或洋文直接處理。這與1883年後大龍中文封數量銳減是否有相連關係值得日後再度探討。

本封於1884年寄出，為一件罕見由海關郵務處直接處理的中文紅條封。

A Fine Red-Band Usage with Large Dragon

39

一件優美的大龍紅條封

40

41 1885(21Jan.)envelopetoNewYork(15.3)“Via San Francisco”bearingonreverse1885thickpaper3ca.brown-red,roughperfs.,cancelledbyTientsintype3seal,matching“Customs/Tientsin”double-ringorigind.s.and“Customs/Shanghai”double-ring transit d.s. (2.2) on reverse, and on front Japan Koban 5s. blue, cancelled by “crossroads” type, showing“I.J.P.A./Shanghai” (12.2) and “Yokohama” (19.2) c.d.s. adjacent, with “New York/Paid All” arrival d.s. on reverse,carriedonthewinteroverlandservicefromTientsintoShanghai,theenvelopeopenedoutfordisplayandafewsmallcoverfaultsincludingsmallpatchedareaatlowerright,finetoveryfineandappealingusage.Chan11.

HK$300,000-400,000

The 3 candarins single rate with China and Japan adhesives both applied in Tientsin at the time of posting by the sender in order to prepay the internal and foreign postage.

The preferential rate to the U.S.A. through the Japanese Post Office was 5 sen. The sender affixed a 3 candarins stamp to pay the domestic postage to Shanghai and his own Japan 5 sen stamp for transmission through the Japanese Post Office. Standard procedure was to affix 6 candarins of Chinese stamps at the post office through which the letter was being sent and in exchange for this the equivalent amount of foreign stamps would be applied by the Customs Post Office. Thus, there would be no domestic postage to pay.

The Tientsin type 3 seal on cover is rare, since it was only in use for about a year.

Provenance RichardCanman,Stanley Gibbons (London),19.10.1972,lot317 GiulioMochi,David Feldman (Geneva),24.10,1984,lot40628 Anna-LisaandSven-EricBeckeman,Sotheby’s and Corinphila (HongKong),15.5.1997,lotB92

Reference A Select Collection of Large Dragon Stamps and Postmarks (Taipei:DirectorateGeneralofPosts,1981),p.66.Illustrated. JamesB.Whang,A Comprehensive Illustration on Covers of Chinese Large Dragons (Taipei:Whang’sPhilatelicFoundation,

1997),p.457.Illustrated.

1885年1月21日天津經舊金山寄紐約封,封背貼一枚大龍三分銀票,棕紅色,厚紙毛齒,銷天津第三型中文戳及天津海關發信戳（85年1月21日）,上海海關轉遞日戳（2月2日）。封面有一枚日郵5錢票,銷日上海黑色空十字型戳及日本上海客郵局日戳（2月12日）,橫濱轉遞戳（2月19日）,紐約到達戳（3月15日）。此封天津至上海由冬令陸路轉遞。封已剖開。封右下處有修補。一件引人注目的大龍封。銷天津第三型中文戳大龍封存世不多。

投信者於天津自貼上大龍三分銀票及日郵五錢票支付國內及國際郵資。通常也可貼上經日客郵寄美國優惠郵資6分銀票,抵上海海關後由海關代貼寄國外客郵票,也不須加付國內郵資。

A Fine Large Dragon Usage to the U.S.A. through the Japanese Post Office

41

一件經日客郵局寄美國銷天津第三型中文戳大龍封

任何情況下,都不能超過自拍賣會之日起30天）,並在7日之內將

拍賣品退回到InterasiaAuctions,買家有責任確保拍賣品未被改變

並保持原狀態。如果InterasiaAuctions不同意買家提出的退回提

議,InterasiaAuctions可以選擇按照條款13將拍賣品送交專家鑒定,買

家須承擔費用（如果拍賣品得到負面的專家鑒定,買家則不用承擔

鑒定費用）。雖有前述規定,但在拍賣品目錄中有圖樣的拍賣品不

能因為在圖樣中可見的細節而被退回,拍賣品也不可因為實際顏色

與拍賣品目錄或網站上的照片中的顏色不符而被退回。被描述為

有缺點或瑕疵的拍賣品也不可以因為未被描述的缺點而被退回。

任何拍賣品都不能因為任何原因在自拍賣會之日起30天之後被退

回,除了依據條款13而被延時的拍賣品。另外,下列拍賣品不能因為

任何原因被退回：（a）包含5件或以上的混合拍賣品（除了一套

郵票之外）,（b）註明不保真的拍賣品。

13. 如果拍賣品按照條款13被專家鑒定不是真品,買家可以退回此

拍賣品。買家如果希望提交拍賣品予專家鑒定,必須（a）在拍賣

之日起20天內書面通知InterasiaAuctions（b）妥善地將拍賣品在原

狀態下交還給InterasiaAuctions以交予專家鑒定（如果拍賣品已經

交予買家）以及（c）在要求專家鑒定時全額支付購買拍賣品。

InterasiaAuctions將在與買家協商下,交給由InterasiaAuctions選擇的

專家做鑒定。買家須承擔所有的專家鑒定費用,除非拍賣品得到了

負面的鑒定。如果專家給出的負面鑒定指出物品與拍賣品目錄中

所描述的不符,銷售將會被取消並且買家將得到此拍賣品的全額退

款（落槌價以及買家傭金）。條款12中已經規定,（a）包含5件或

以上的混合拍賣品（除了一套郵票之外）,（b）註明不保真的拍賣

品,均不能以任何原因退回。具有在5年之內發出的專家證書的拍賣

品不能因為真實性問題或其他任何原因被退回。被描述為有缺點

或瑕疵的物品不能因為專家鑒定中提到的未被描述到的問題而被

退回。

14. 拍賣品在拍賣會被“落槌”給買家的時候起,拍賣品由買家

承擔風險,但是拍賣品的所有權在買家全額付款前不會轉移給

買家。拍賣品可於拍賣會後的第一個工作日起在辦公時間內到

InterasiaAuctions的辦公室提取。出售給郵寄投標或其他不在拍賣

會現場的投標者的拍賣品將會通過快遞服務,掛號信或其他買家指

定的方法寄出,由買家承擔風險和費用。自拍賣會之日起30天之內

未被提取的拍賣品將會被收取儲藏費用。

15. 如果拍賣品同時有中文描述,中文譯本只是作為參考。中文的

描述並不包括拍賣品的瑕疵和其他品相問題。請仔細檢閱作為官

方目錄描述的英語描述,任何拍賣品都不能因為中文描述中的任何

遺漏,不準確或錯誤而被退回。

16. InterasiaAuctions對任何買家,競標者或潛在競標者的責任僅限

于對根據條款12和條款13中被錯誤描述的和不是真品的拍賣品退

款。所有對InterasiaAuctions的賠款要求僅限于拍賣品的購買價格

（落槌價加上買家費用）。InterasiaAuctions在任何情況下都不對

任何新引發的損失負責。

17. 這些拍賣規則和各方相應的權利與義務受到香港法律的約束

和監管。

18. 如果英語版的拍賣規則與中文版翻譯有任何不同,以英語版為

準。

©InterasiaAuctionsLimited2017Allrightsreserved.

1. 拍賣會公開舉行。競買人以任何方式對拍賣品出價,均被視為

完全接受本競拍規則。

2. InterasiaAuctionsLimited(以下稱為InterasiaAuctions)是作為各

個拍賣品賣家的代理商。所有的拍賣品都有一個保留價,拍賣品不

會以低于其保留價的價格售出。

3. InterasiaAuctions承認的最高出價者就是拍賣品的買家（前提

是售價不低于拍賣品的保留價）。買家須額外支付落槌價格的

15%作為傭金。

4. InterasiaAuctions有權拒絕任何競標,有權自行推進競標,有權撤

銷或分拆任何拍賣品,有權合並兩件或更多的拍賣品,有權改變拍賣

品的順序,以及有權在出現糾紛時決定成功的競拍者,有權決定繼續

競拍,或者重新競拍。InterasiaAuctions的決定在這種情況下將為決

定性的並有約束力。InterasiaAuctions有權不作出任何理由就拒絕

任何人進入拍賣會,並且有權要求任何人離開拍賣會。

5. InterasiaAuctions將會執行在拍賣會之前遞交的書面競標,以

及在拍賣會前通過電話提供的競標（將會通過書面確認）,但是

InterasiaAuctions以及它的員工將不會對此類競標的任何執行錯誤

承擔責任。當InterasiaAuctions收到對一件拍賣品的多個相同的競

標時,第一個收到的競標將為成功的競標。不接受任何“購買”競

標。

6. 作為第三方的代理人的競標者必須在拍賣會前將此告知

InterasiaAuctions,並須為代表其客戶作出的購買行為負責,除非在拍

賣會前與InterasiaAuctions有書面協議。保留要求代理人提供授權

證明以及拒絕代理人任何競標的權利。

7. In te r a s i aAuc t ions將會根據員工數量盡力照應希望通過

電話競標的競標者。有興趣的競買人須至少提前48小時與

InterasiaAuctions作出有關安排。InterasiaAuctions以及它的員工將不

會對電話競標的任何執行錯誤承擔責任。

8. 拍賣品目錄中提供的拍賣品可在拍賣會之前預先設定的公開

預覽時間內供潛在競標者檢查。預覽者將會對任何其引起的損壞

負責。

9. 拍賣將以港幣結算。在拍賣會時的任何貨幣換算,僅作參考之

用。InterasiaAuctions不會對任何貨幣換算錯誤或不準確負責。

10. 買家須在從拍賣會之日起的5天內付款,除了郵寄競標或其他

InterasiaAuctions為不在拍賣現場的競標者代為執行的競標,此類競

標須在收到InterasiaAuctions的發票時付款。在全額付款前,競拍品

將不會給予或寄給買家。其它貨幣在得到InterasiaAuctions同意後

可被接受,在這種情況下,買家須支付所有銀行費用以及承擔任何因

匯率差異引起的費用。

11. 所有在從拍賣會之日起14天內未付的發票將會被收取5%的費

用,以及承擔自拍賣會之日起每月1.5%的利息。如果拍賣品在從拍

賣會之日起30天內未被全額付清,InterasiaAuctions有權執行以下一

種或幾種權利和補救措施：（a）取消出售,（b）重新公開或非公

開出售此拍賣品,違約買家將承擔所有重新拍賣的損失以及其間的

所有費用和支出,（c）把從買家處收到的錢款或InterasiaAuctions欠買家的錢款用于償還買家欠InterasiaAuctions的錢款,（d）控告買家

違約。買家將承擔所有費用和支出,包括訴訟費用以及拖欠款項時

引發的費用。

12. 拍賣品目錄中對拍賣品的描述是陳述觀點,並不作為保證

或根據。買家可以退回描述錯誤的拍賣品,但要在收到拍賣品

7日之內把退回拍賣品的意愿和理據告知InterasiaAuctions（在

拍賣規則

Conditions of Sale

1. The auction takes place publicly. The placing of a bid constitutesacceptanceinfulloftheseConditionsofSalebythebidder.

2.InterasiaAuctionsLimited(InterasiaAuctions)isactingasagentfortherespectivesellersofthelotsintheauction.Alllotsareofferedsubjecttoareserve,belowwhichthelotwillnotbesold.

3. The highest bidder acknowledged by Interasia Auctions shall be thebuyer(providedthelot’sreserveismet).Abuyer’spremiumof15%shallbeaddedtothehammerpriceofeachlot.

4. Interasia Auctions has the right to reject any bid, to advance thebiddingat itsdiscretion,towithdrawordivideanylot, tocombineanytwoormorelots,todeviatefromthelottingorder,andintheeventofadispute,todeterminethesuccessfulbidder,tocontinuethebidding,ortoreopenthelot.InterasiaAuctions’decisioninsuchcaseshallbefinalandbinding.Interasiaalsohastherighttorefuseentrancetotheauctiontoanypersonwithoutgivinganyreason,aswellastorequireanypersontoleavetheauction.

5. Interasia Auctions will execute written bids submitted prior to theauction and, in its discretion, bids provided to it by telephone beforetheauction(whichshouldbeconfirmedinwriting),but itanditsstaffshallnotberesponsibleforanyfailureorerrorinexecutingsuchbids.IntheeventInterasiaAuctionsreceivesidenticalbidsforalot,thefirstbidreceivedshallbethesuccessfulbid.No“buy”bidswillbeaccepted.

6. A bidder acting as an agent on behalf of a third party must adviseInterasiaAuctionsofthispriortotheauctionandshallberesponsibleforallpurchasesmadeonbehalfofhisclientsunlessotherwiseagreedtoinwritingbyInterasiaAuctionspriortotheauction.Interasiareservestherighttorequireagentstoprovideproofoftheirauthorityandtorejectanybidsfromtheagent.

7. InterasiaAuctionswill endeavor to accommodate thosebidderswhowishtobidbytelephone,subject tostaffavailability. InterestedbiddersshouldmakearrangementswithInterasiaAuctionsatleast48hourspriortotheauction.InterasiaAuctionsanditsstaffwillnotberesponsibleforanyfailureorerrorinexecutingtelephonebids.

8.Thelotsofferedintheauctioncataloguecanbeinspectedbypotentialbidderspriortotheauctionatpublicviewingassetforthintheauctioncatalogue.Viewerswillberesponsibleforanydamagecausedbythemintheviewing.

9. The sale shall be conducted in Hong Kong dollars. Any currencyconverter at the auction is for general reference and convenienceonly.InterasiaAuctionsshallnotberesponsibleforanyerrororinaccuracyonthecurrencyconverter.

10.Paymentoflotsisduewithin5daysfromtheauctiondate,exceptinthecaseofpostalorotherbidsthatInterasiaAuctionsexecutesonbehalfofbiddersnotpresentattheauction,suchpaymentisdueonpresentationofInterasiaAuctions’invoiceforthelots.Lotswillnotbegivenorsenttobuyersuntilpaymentinfull.AllamountsandinvoicesarepayableinHongKongdollars.ForeigncurrencieswillbeacceptedonlyifagreedtobyInterasiaAuctionsandinsuchcasethebuyershallpayallbankchargesandbearanycostsarisingfromexchangeratedifferences.

11.Allinvoicesthatarenotpaidwithin14daysaftertheauctionshallbesubjecttoa5%latefeeandshallalsobear interestat therateof1½%permonthfromthedateof theauction.If lotsarenotpaidfor infullwithin30daysaftertheauction,InterasiaAuctionsshallhavetherighttoexerciseoneormoreofthefollowingrightsandremedies:(a)tocancelthesale,(b)toresellthelotsatpublicorprivatesale,withthedefaultingbuyertoberesponsibleforanylossfromtheresaleandallcostsandexpensesin connection therewith, (c) to apply any amounts received from thebuyerorowingtothebuyerfromInterasiaAuctionsagainsttheamountsowingtoInterasiaAuctions,or(d)tosuethebuyerforbreachofcontract.Thebuyershallberesponsibleforallcostsandexpenses,includinglegalfeesandcollectioncosts,incurredbyInterasiaAuctionsincollectingondefaultedinvoicesanddelinquentaccounts.

12.Thedescriptions inthecataloguearestatementsofopinionanddonotconstituteanyguarantyorwarranty.Thebuyermayreturnanylotthatismisdescribed,solongasthebuyernotifiesInterasiaofhisintentiontoreturnthelotandthereasonforthereturnwithin7daysofhisreceiptofthelot(butinnoeventlaterthan30daysaftertheauction),soreturnsthe

lotwithin7daysthereafterandthelotisreceivedbyInterasiaAuctionsinitsoriginalconditionandhasnotbeenaltered.IfInterasiaAuctionsdisagreeswiththeproposedreturn,theitemmay,atInterasiaAuctions’option,besubmittedforexpertisationinaccordancewithclause13atthebuyer’sexpense(exceptiftheitemreceivesanegativeopinion,thebuyershallnotberesponsibleforsuchexpertisationcost).Notwithstandingtheforegoing, lotsthatare illustratedinthecataloguemaynotbereturnedfor centring, margins, short or blunted perforations, or other detailsvisiblefromtheillustration,normaylotsbereturnedbecausethecolourdoesnotmatchthecolourreproductionintheauctioncatalogueoronthewebsite.Lotsdescribedashavinganyfaultordefectalsomaynotbereturnedforanyfaultsthatwerenotdescribed.Nolotsmaybereturnedforanyreasonwhatsoeverafterthirty(30)daysfromtheauction,exceptforlotsputonextensionperclause13.Inaddition,thefollowinglotsmaynotbereturnedforanyreason:(a)lotscontaining5ormorestampsoritems(otherthanasetofstamps)and(b)lotsoffered“asis.”

13.Thebuyermayonly returna loton thebasis that it isnotgenuineiftheitemisplacedonextensionandtheitemreceivesanopinionthatit isnotgenuine fromtheexpertiser,all inaccordancewith thisclause13.Buyerswhowishtogetanexpertopiniononanitemmust(a)notifyInterasia Auctions in writing within 20 days after the auction that theitemistobeexpertised(andanyexpertthatthebuyerproposestheitemto be submitted to), (b) promptly return the lot to Interasia Auctionsin itsoriginal condition for submission forexpertisation (if the lothasalreadybeensenttothebuyer)and(c)payforthelotinfullatthetimeoftheexpertisationrequest.InterasiaAuctionswillsubmitall itemsforexpertisationunderthisclause13toanexpertchosenbyit,inconsultationwiththebuyer.Thebuyershallberesponsibleforallcostsfortheexpertopinion, except if the item receives an adverse opinion and the sale iscancelled.Iftheexpertissuesanadverseopinionthattheitemisnotasdescribedintheauctioncatalogue,thesalewillbecancelledandthebuyerwillberefundedthepurchaseprice(hammerpriceplusbuyer’spremium)forthelot.Lotscontaining5ormorestampsoritems(otherthanasetofstamps)andlotsoffered“asis”maynotbereturnedforanyreasonasprovidedinClause12.Itemswithanexpertcertificatedatedwithinthelastfiveyearsarenotsubjecttoreturnforreasonofgenuinenessoranyotherreason,norwillany itemdescribedashaveanyfaultordefectbereturnableforanyfaultsmentionedintheexpertopinionthatwerenotdescribed.No lotwillbeacceptedasa return fromexpertisation if theitemisindeliblymarkedasalteredorfraudulentbytheexpertiser.

14.Alot isatthebuyer’sriskatandfromthetimethelot is“knockeddown” to thebuyer at the auction,but title (ownership) shallnotpassto the buyer until payment in full. Lots may be picked up at InterasiaAuctions’offices the firstbusinessdayafter theauctionduringnormalbusinesshours.Lotssoldtopostalorotherbiddersnotpresentinpersonat the auction will be sent by courier service, registered mail or othermeansatthebuyer’sriskandexpense.Lotsthatarenotcollectedwithin30daysaftertheauctionshallbeassessedstoragecharges.

15.IfalotdescriptionisalsoprovidedinChinese,theChinesedescriptionisforgeneralreferenceandconvenienceonly.TheChinesedescriptionsare not complete and do not necessarily reference faults and otherconditionissues.PotentialbiddersareencouragedtocarefullyreviewtheEnglish descriptions, which are the official catalogue descriptions, andnolotmaybereturnedbecauseofanyomission,inaccuracyorerrorinitsChinesedescription.

16. InterasiaAuctions’ liability toanybuyer,bidderorpotentialbidderis limited to refunding the purchase price for misdescribed and notgenuineitemsunderandinaccordancewithclauses12and13.AnyclaimagainstInterasiaAuctionsorthesellerofalotthereunderislimitedtothepurchaseprice(hammerpriceplusbuyer’spremium)forthelot.NeitherInterasiaAuctionsnorthesellerofalotshallunderanycircumstancesbeliableforanyconsequentiallosses.

17. These Conditions of Sale and the respective rights and obligationsofthepartiesshallbegovernedandconstruedinaccordancewithHongKong law, and the buyer (including for such purposes agents) herebysubmitstothenon-exclusivejurisdictionoftheHongKongcourts.

18.IncaseofanydifferencebetweentheseConditionsofSale(inEnglish)andtheChinesetranslation,theEnglishversionshallprevail.

©InterasiaAuctionsLimited2017Allrightsreserved.

Bidding Increments (in HK$)

$500to$1,000 $50$1,000to$2,000 $100$2,000to$3,000 $200$3,000to$6,000 $200or$300

(e.g. $3,200 – $3,500 – $3,800 – $4,000)

$6,000 to$10,000 $500$10,000to$20,000 $1,000$20,000to$30,000 $2,000$30,000to$60,000 $2,000or$3,000

(e.g. $32,000 – $35,000 – $38,000 – $40,000)

$60,000 to$100,000 $5,000$100,000to$300,000 $10,000$300,000to$600,000 $20,000or$30,000

(e.g. $320,000 – $350,000 – $380,000 – $400,000)

$600,000to$1,000,000 $50,000$1,000,000to$3,000,000 $100,000$3,000,000to$5,000,000 $200,000Above$5,000,000 Auctioneer’sdiscretion

Bidding Increments (in HK$)

$ 500 to $1,000 $50$1,000 to $2,000 $100$2,000 to $3,000 $200$3,000 to $6,000 $200 or $300

(e.g. $3,200 – $3,500 – $3,800 – $4,000)

$ 6,000 to $10,000 $500$10,000 to $20,000 $1,000$20,000 to $30,000 $2,000$30,000 to $60,000 $2,000 or $3,000

(e.g. $32,000 – $35,000 – $38,000 – $40,000)

$ 60,000 to $100,000 $5,000$100,000 to $300,000 $10,000$300,000 to $600,000 $20,000 or $30,000

(e.g. $320,000 – $350,000 – $380,000 – $400,000)

$600,000 to $1,000,000 $50,000Above $1,000,000 Auctioneer’s discretion

Description Notes

• GumUnmounted mint : unused with full original gum that has not been hinged.Mint : unused with original gum that has been hinged, which may or may not have a hinge remnant (not

necessarily described).Unused : unused without gum, except where original gum is indicated (to indicate that the gum is of a

lesser nature than on a mint stamp), with the following orders of magnitude (corresponding to the part of the stamp showing gum) for gum: much original gum – large part original gum – part original gum – small part original gum – traces of original gum.

Chinese stamps before 1898 with much or large part original gum have, however, been described as unused (with much or large part original gum) because of conventions and can be considered mint.

• Quality parametersextremely fine – very fine – fine to very fine – fine – very good – good – fair – poor (in mixed lots, fine to very fine means the presence of both fine and items of higher grade). Quality designations in mixed lots are overall ones.

• Covers can be expected to have minor nicks, short edge tears, flap tears, as well as slight reduction from opening. Entires (folded letters) normally have one or two file folds, and common stamps on covers may have small faults that do not detract overly from the cover usage. These may not be described and are not grounds for return.

• All counts in mixed lots are approximate, whether or not so stated.

• The catalogue illustrations are an integral part of the descriptions, and no lot may be returned for details visible from the illustration.

GC Jan 2010 (1-66).indd 2 12/18/2009 3:19:14 PM