The Israelites
-
Upload
elijah-mcdaniel -
Category
Documents
-
view
37 -
download
0
description
Transcript of The Israelites
The IsraelitesThe Israelites
YHWH & The YHWH & The CovenantCovenant
YHWHYHWH YahwehYahweh JehovahJehovah ElohimElohim GodGod Struck a covenant with Struck a covenant with
His chosen people, the His chosen people, the Israelites or Jews and Israelites or Jews and promised them promised them Canaan (Israel), a land Canaan (Israel), a land “of milk & honey”“of milk & honey”
AbrahamAbraham About 2000 BC?About 2000 BC? Real or myth?Real or myth? Seen as the “founder” Seen as the “founder”
of Judaism, of Judaism, Christianity, and IslamChristianity, and Islam
Accepted Yahweh as Accepted Yahweh as the only true god, the only true god, sealing the Covenant sealing the Covenant between his between his descendants and Goddescendants and God
His descendants are His descendants are the Israelitesthe Israelites
MosesMoses 1390 – 1270 BC?1390 – 1270 BC? Real or myth?Real or myth? Jewish infant raised in Jewish infant raised in
Egyptian Pharaoh’s Egyptian Pharaoh’s householdhousehold
Led the Israelites out Led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt by of slavery in Egypt by bringing 10 plagues bringing 10 plagues upon the nationupon the nation
Parted the Red SeaParted the Red Sea Received the Ten Received the Ten
CommandmentsCommandments Recorder of the Recorder of the TorahTorah
The Ten Commandments = basis The Ten Commandments = basis for the legal system of the for the legal system of the
IsraelitesIsraelites
The Ten CommandmentsThe Ten Commandments
Ten Commandments Ten Commandments (+ Roman law) (+ Roman law) became the became the foundation for all foundation for all modern western lawmodern western law
The basic moral code The basic moral code for Jews, Christians, for Jews, Christians, Muslims, & even Muslims, & even “nonbelievers” raised “nonbelievers” raised in Europe/Americasin Europe/Americas
King DavidKing David 1037 – 971 BC1037 – 971 BC Some archaeological Some archaeological
evidence exists that evidence exists that David was a real king David was a real king of Israelof Israel
Supposedly killed a Supposedly killed a giant with just his giant with just his slingshot as a boyslingshot as a boy
Seen as a righteous, Seen as a righteous, yet flawed, king who yet flawed, king who raised Israel to a raised Israel to a powerful kingdompowerful kingdom
SolomonSolomon 971 – 931 BC (reign)971 – 931 BC (reign) Son of DavidSon of David Known as an Known as an
incredibly wise and incredibly wise and just king (story of just king (story of The Judgment of The Judgment of Solomon)Solomon)
Built the First Jewish Built the First Jewish Temple, in Temple, in JerusalemJerusalem
Had 700 wives?!Had 700 wives?!
Solomon’s TempleSolomon’s Temple
Israel Became Israel Became DividedDivided
Due to political Due to political rivalries and rivalries and sectarian religious sectarian religious disputes, the disputes, the Israelites became Israelites became divided into two divided into two kingdoms, leading kingdoms, leading to their defeat at to their defeat at the hands of the the hands of the BabyloniansBabylonians
The Babylonian The Babylonian CaptivityCaptivity
The 2The 2ndnd Jewish Jewish TempleTemple
Eventually, the Persians Eventually, the Persians would conquer the would conquer the Babylonians and allow the Babylonians and allow the Israelites to return to Israelites to return to Jerusalem, where they rebuilt Jerusalem, where they rebuilt their templetheir temple
Temple stood until being Temple stood until being destroyed by the Romans destroyed by the Romans during the Jewish Rebellion during the Jewish Rebellion of 66 AD, after which the of 66 AD, after which the Jews were sent into Jews were sent into “diaspora” (the population “diaspora” (the population was deliberately scattered was deliberately scattered across the Roman Empire in across the Roman Empire in an effort to crush the Jewish an effort to crush the Jewish cultureculture
TheThe Torah Torah: Jewish version of : Jewish version of the stories of Abraham and the stories of Abraham and
MosesMosesThe Five Books of Moses (The The Five Books of Moses (The
Pentateuch)Pentateuch)GenesisGenesisExodusExodusLeviticusLeviticusNumbersNumbersDeuteronomyDeuteronomy
The Hebrew Bible The Hebrew Bible ((TanakhTanakh))
Consists of three Consists of three parts of which the parts of which the TorahTorah is the first is the first and holiestand holiest
Roughly equivalent Roughly equivalent to the Christian to the Christian Old Old Testament Testament
The The TalmudTalmud Written 200 – 500 Written 200 – 500
ADAD Book of rabbinic Book of rabbinic
discussion on discussion on Jewish law, ethics, Jewish law, ethics, customs, and customs, and historyhistory
Interprets the Interprets the Tanakh and Tanakh and applies it to applies it to everyday lifeeveryday life
As a faith, Jews Believe…As a faith, Jews Believe…
In one God, creator of the universe, In one God, creator of the universe, personal but non-corporealpersonal but non-corporeal
In prophets of old – especially Moses, In prophets of old – especially Moses, through whom Torah was revealed to through whom Torah was revealed to the Hebrew peoplethe Hebrew people
In Torah (first five books of the Bible), In Torah (first five books of the Bible), containing religious, moral and social containing religious, moral and social law which guides the life of a Jewlaw which guides the life of a Jew the Hebrew Bible does the Hebrew Bible does notnot include the include the
New TestamentNew Testament
As a people, Jews are…As a people, Jews are…
A nation in Diaspora (dispersed)A nation in Diaspora (dispersed) 15 – 16 million in worldwide population15 – 16 million in worldwide population United by a common heritage (an “ethnic” United by a common heritage (an “ethnic”
religion), divided in contemporary religion), divided in contemporary practice:practice:Orthodox:Orthodox:
ModernModernChasidic (Ultra Orthodox)Chasidic (Ultra Orthodox)
Reformed (18Reformed (18thth century Germany) century Germany)Conservative – moderates, response to Conservative – moderates, response to
reformreformReconstructionalism (20Reconstructionalism (20thth century America) century America)
As a way of life, Judaism is As a way of life, Judaism is based on…based on…
613 commandments found in Torah 613 commandments found in Torah (“Written Law”)(“Written Law”)
Talmud (“Oral Law”) – commentary of Talmud (“Oral Law”) – commentary of ancient rabbis that elaborates on how to ancient rabbis that elaborates on how to apply God’s Law in everyday life through:apply God’s Law in everyday life through: Dietary rules (Kashrut/Kosher)Dietary rules (Kashrut/Kosher) Dress and other symbolsDress and other symbols Prayer and devotion to the one GodPrayer and devotion to the one God The Temple and Temple ritesThe Temple and Temple rites Observance of Holy daysObservance of Holy days Proper social relations between male and Proper social relations between male and
female, in business, judicial rulings, etc.female, in business, judicial rulings, etc.
How does Judaism sanctify life?How does Judaism sanctify life?
Life cycle celebrations:Life cycle celebrations: Bris – ritual circumcision, sign of the Bris – ritual circumcision, sign of the
covenantcovenant Bar/Bat Mitzvah – full adult status and Bar/Bat Mitzvah – full adult status and
responsibility within the religionresponsibility within the religion Marriage - "Be fruitful and multiply" Marriage - "Be fruitful and multiply"
(Gen. 1:22)(Gen. 1:22) Death – funerals, mourning (sitting Death – funerals, mourning (sitting
“Shiva”), and memorials (“Yartzeits”)“Shiva”), and memorials (“Yartzeits”)
Jewish Holy DaysJewish Holy Days
High Holidays:High Holidays:Rosh Hashanah (Jewish New Year)Rosh Hashanah (Jewish New Year)Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement)Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement)
Chanukah, the “Festival of Lights”Chanukah, the “Festival of Lights”Pesach (“Passover”) – Pesach (“Passover”) –
commemorates the exodus from commemorates the exodus from Egypt (events told in Exodus)Egypt (events told in Exodus)
Shabbat (Sabbath, 7Shabbat (Sabbath, 7thth day, on day, on Saturday) – the “Day of Rest”Saturday) – the “Day of Rest”
How is Judaism related to Christianity?How is Judaism related to Christianity?
Judaism predates Christianity – it is the Judaism predates Christianity – it is the foundation of Christianity but is foundation of Christianity but is notnot a part of it a part of it
Jesus was Jewish, as were his followers and the Jesus was Jewish, as were his followers and the ApostlesApostles
Jews do not believe that Jesus was anything Jews do not believe that Jesus was anything more than a good and wise man who lived and more than a good and wise man who lived and died 2000 years ago – Jews still await their died 2000 years ago – Jews still await their messiahmessiah
The Jewish messiah would not be divine. He The Jewish messiah would not be divine. He would be a political figure who restores the would be a political figure who restores the Hebrew monarchy and causes peace to reign Hebrew monarchy and causes peace to reign on Earthon Earth
Jews are not concerned about salvation and the Jews are not concerned about salvation and the “world to come”“world to come”