The Islamic Calendar

1 | P a g e

Introduction:

This book was made by: Sam, Tim, Cas en Ivo.

We choose the Islamic Calendar because, it’s one of the most well

calendars and it’s not like most calendars based on the moon. Also the calendar

is still the same, as it was in the

chose the Islamic Calendar.

This book was made by: Sam, Tim, Cas en Ivo.

We choose the Islamic Calendar because, it’s one of the most well


is still the same, as it was in the beginning. And it’s also so precise. That why we

chose the Islamic Calendar.

2 | P a g e

We choose the Islamic Calendar because, it’s one of the most well-known


beginning. And it’s also so precise. That why we

Contents

1. History

2. Important

3. Today

• Differen

4. The End

t festivals

nces

3 | P a g e

History

In the past inscriptions of ancient South Arabian calendars were found. These

calendars revealed that there were several local calendars in that time. Most of these

calendars were based on the moon. In

evidence (evidence in old inscriptions)

of Muslim authors of the Abbasid era. Two writers of

month names were borrowed from the Paga

months in 2 types of months, permitted and forbidden months. The forbidden months

are 4 months during which fighting is forbidden. These months aren’t linked to

particular seasons. While the Qur’an does link the forbid

this calendar used in Muslim countries.



calendars were based on the moon. In Mecca, never really was found epigraphically

evidence (evidence in old inscriptions), but the researchers found details in the writings

of Muslim authors of the Abbasid era. Two writers of those details suggest that the

month names were borrowed from the Pagan Arabs. They had also divided the



particular seasons. While the Qur’an does link the forbidden months to a season. Still is

this calendar used in Muslim countries.

4 | P a g e



epigraphically

details in the writings

suggest that the

They had also divided the 12



den months to a season. Still is

5 | P a g e

Important festivals!

Hello reader,

Here you can read the different festivals of the islametic calendar. I (Sam) tried to

put them all together on a few pages but I know that there are more festivals. But I

tried to pick the best one!

Before you start reading what each festival is you fit can read in the table I (Sam)

made (the one which are blue there I will tell you something about!):

Date : Day: Festival:

Jan 24, 2013 Thursday Milad Un Nabi Jan 29, 2013 Tuesday Milad Un Nabi (shia)

Jun 05, 2013 Wednesday Lailat Al Miraj Jun 23, 2013 Sunday Lailat Al Bara'ah

Jul 09, 2013 Tuesday Ramadan (start)

Aug 03, 2013 Saturday Laylat Al Kadr

Aug 08, 2013 Thursday Eid-al-fitr (end Of

Ramadan)

Oct 14, 2013 Monday Waqf Al Arafa - Hajj Oct 15, 2013 Tuesday Eid-al-adha

Nov 04, 2013 Monday Hijra - Islamic New Year Nov 13, 2013 Wednesday Day Of Ashura

• Durbar festival:

The durbar festival is a very special festival for Muslims. This festival is only

celebrated in different cities in Nigeria. So not in other cities of the world.

Some cities were they organize this festival are the cities: Kano, Katsina and

Bida! The Durbar festival begins with prayers these are then followed by a

parade of the Emir and his entourage on horses, with music players and the

parade is ending at the empire’s palace! These festivals are mostly considered as

tourist attractions but is also held because of the culmination of Muslim

festivals: Eid al- Fitr and Eid al –Adha .

See next page pictures.

•

• Milad un Nabi (prophets birthday)

This celebration is mostly known in the Muslim culture (a little bit logical because

we are talking about the Islametic

Muslim countries . Why is this day

the birth of the prophet Muhammad. Celebrated in the third month of the

calendar (islametic). The celebration is believed to have its origins from the 8

century. This was because the

into a prayers house.

the Shias. A lot of years ago (i think even centuries ago) the day was celebrated

with huge processions, speeches

sacrificed! In the 12 century the Sunnis

a different date than we celebrate the day now. By the

century this celebration became a national day in many different countries of

the world! The prophet’s birthday is celebrate

on the country where it is held. It’s a little bit logical we also celebrate

Christmas different than people do in Greece and Italy.

Date: Januray 24,2013

Type:religious

Can also be called: malwid, ID

– E Milad, the prophet’s

birthday !

Celebrations: Donating money

to poor people and exchanging

gifts !

hets birthday):


we are talking about the Islametic calendar!). It is most celebrated

Muslim countries . Why is this day celebrated? Well, this day is to think about

of the prophet Muhammad. Celebrated in the third month of the

calendar (islametic). The celebration is believed to have its origins from the 8

century. This was because the prophet’s house (where he was born

house. Actually in the original time this celebration was held by


processions, speeches were held, gifts were offered and animals were

In the 12 century the Sunnis adopted this festival,

a different date than we celebrate the day now. By the begging

this celebration became a national day in many different countries of

prophet’s birthday is celebrated in different ways this


Christmas different than people do in Greece and Italy. See below pictures.

6 | P a g e


most celebrated in the

day is to think about

of the prophet Muhammad. Celebrated in the third month of the

calendar (islametic). The celebration is believed to have its origins from the 8th

(where he was born) was changed

in the original time this celebration was held by


offered and animals were

well it was held in

begging of the 20

this celebration became a national day in many different countries of

ent ways this depends


See below pictures.

• Eid-al-fitr (end of Ramadan)

An another name for this festival is Hari raya Puasa this means : “day of

celebration” this is a im

call this festival “het suikerfeest

al-fitr is an important festival.

Because………………………………………….i

one month of fasting. Now you know already why these

celebrate it! When this day begins the Muslims wake up very early and go to the

mosque to pray there after this they will visit the graves.

go to another public place to be

evening starts the Muslims go again to the mosque to recite the takabir.

takabir is a special kind of pray to allah. Can also be called party orison.

this pray is done the

neigbours, friends, poor people and dead people.

special oil lamps are used to give light in the houses and mosques. These oil lamps

continuing lighting until the end of the festival (they start lighting

day of Ramadan)! In Eid

decorate them in a new

evening they come togeth

and ketupat (a meat

day eat is baklava a sweet meal.

candy stalls. During eid

other. Mostly the second day (the sjawwal) is also a festival.

Hari Raya puasa , Eid-al-fitr

, end of the Ramadan .

Type:national

Also called: Hari raya

Aidilfitri

Celebrations: visiting

relatives houses and wearing

traditional costumes.

fitr (end of Ramadan)


celebration” this is a important festival by the Muslims. In the Netherlands we

het suikerfeest” .Especially in Malaysia and Singapore

important festival. . Why is it so important for the Mus

Because………………………………………….it’s the end of the Ramadan !!!! ☺

one month of fasting. Now you know already why these Muslims want to

hen this day begins the Muslims wake up very early and go to the

mosque to pray there after this they will visit the graves. The Muslims

public place to be there together with other Muslims

evening starts the Muslims go again to the mosque to recite the takabir.

takabir is a special kind of pray to allah. Can also be called party orison.

this pray is done the Muslims embrace each other and think about their

poor people and dead people. To make the festival a lot more


ing lighting until the end of the festival (they start lighting

! In Eid-al-fitr all Muslim people want to clean their

ew way they also want to put on new clothes and in the

they come together with their family with delicious food (cak

meal) ). But the most important meal the Muslims than that

day eat is baklava a sweet meal. In some islametic countries there

During eid-al-fitr every one wants to be happy and nice to each

other. Mostly the second day (the sjawwal) is also a festival.

7 | P a g e


In the Netherlands we

ly in Malaysia and Singapore the eid-

hy is it so important for the Muslims?

☺ The Ramadan is

Muslims want to

hen this day begins the Muslims wake up very early and go to the

Muslims can also

Muslims. When the

evening starts the Muslims go again to the mosque to recite the takabir. The

takabir is a special kind of pray to allah. Can also be called party orison. When

embrace each other and think about their family,

To make the festival a lot more


ing lighting until the end of the festival (they start lighting in the 20th

their houses and

on new clothes and in the

er with their family with delicious food (cakes, biscuits

But the most important meal the Muslims than that

there are fairs and

be happy and nice to each

8 | P a g e

Hari raya Haji

Date: October 15, 2013

Type: religious

Celebrations: prayer,

Exchanging gifts and wearing

new clothes.

Also called: Eid-al-Adha ,Bakri

Id.

• Eid-al-adha

Has also some other names you can read these names in the box. This is also a

important festival for the Muslims. In dutch we call it “het offerfeest”.The day

is celebrated on the 10th day of the last month of the calendar (islametic). Why

is it celebrated? Because to sacrifice to Abraham. People give gifts and sacrifice

to Abraham a very important man ! The story about Abraham is very long. I tried

to put all the important information about the story into this text!

According to the story in Quran (the religious book of the Muslims were you can

read all the important stories from the Muslims!): Around 4000 years ago in a

valley o Mecca . Abraham lived there with his beautiful wife Hajra. They got one

son and called them Ishamel. For Abraham and his wife, Ishamel was everything

for them . To test the devotion of Abraham god commanded Abraham to

sacrifice Abraham’s only son ( Ishamel). Abraham didn’t want to do it and

discussed a lot with the Satan but unfortunately Abraham sacrificed his son.

Abraham sacrificed Ishamel by placing him under a knife. Bleh! � But when

Abraham was ready to put his son on the knife god appeared and was very happy

what Abraham did. He saved Ishamel and instead of Ishamel on the knife a ram

was sacrificed on Ishamels place.

I (Sam) think that this is a very interesting story!

This festival is held by many Muslims! Muslims around

the hole world celebrate this festival with many show

and energy! The Muslims wake up very early in the

morning to offer their prayers before the sun has

risen. When this is done by most of the Muslims start

to prepare special and delicious meals. The most

important thing Muslims do during this day is

sacrifice a goat, chicken, cow, ram, etc. to Allah this

has to do with the story of Abraham and his son

Ishalem. All the Muslims give gifts and wear special and new clothes. By the

Muslims this is ofcours a public day this is also the reason why in all the Muslims

countries the schools are close and why people don’t have to work. I first

thought bleh who wants to kill an animal to a god. But now when I read and wrote

about this festival I saw that it is very normal for the Muslims to do this. It’s

the same when we celebrate eastern with searching eggs. Maybe the Muslims

think that this is strange. But there are differences in the world and we have to

live and accept this. I (Sam) think that this is very important for the life of

people!

9 | P a g e

• Hijra (Islamic new year)

Again this is a very important festival for the Muslims. But I can’t tell that much

about this festival than the other I have told you something about! The Muslims

celebrate this day that the new Islamic calendar starts. It’s actually the same

when we celebrate old and new year. Only the Muslims do this in a different way

. We (the not Muslim people) celebrate old and new when it’s 31 December by

the Muslims the date changes every year. The Islamic calendar has also 12 days

shorter than our calendar. See below when New Year is by the Muslims. As you

can see this year the Muslims celebrate New Year already on 4/5 November this

is very early.

Islamic Year Gregorian Date

1430 AH 28/29 December 2008

1431 AH 17/18 December 2009

1432 AH 7/8 December 2010

1433 AH 26/27 November 2011

1434 AH 14/15 November 2012

1435 AH 4/5 November 2013

1436 AH 24/25 October 2014

1437 AH 13/14/15 October 201

The dates of the new year’s depend on the position of the moon! Islamic New Year

is celebrated on the first day of Muharram, the first Islamic month. Compared to

Western calendars, the Islamic year goes 11 days backwards every year. (So, in

2011 on the Western Calendar, the New Year is November 26.)

I couldn’t find information about how the Muslims celebrate this. � But I hope you

enjoyed my subject about Muslims festivals.

Source: new year (islamic)

Wikipedia

Islamic calendar

Islamic calendar: year 1434

It is now the 4th month of the year and the 29

A month takes 29 or 30 days depends on the moon if you can see the moon at sunset so

if there are no clouds the 29

the 29th there are 30 day in that month

There are 12 months in an Islamic year

1. Murraham it means ‘forbidden’

2. Safar it means ‘void’

3. Rabi 1 it means ‘the first spring’

4. Rabi 2 it means ‘the sec

5. Jumada 1 it means ‘the first month of parched land’

6. Jumada 2 it means ‘the second or last month of parched land’

7. Rajab it means ‘honor’

8. Sha‘ban it means ‘scattered’

9. Ramadan it means ‘scorched’

10. Shawwal it means ‘raised’

11. Dhu-al Qa’da it means ‘the one of truce’

12. Dhu al-Hijja it means ‘

The months Dhu Al-Hijja , Dhu Al

months you may not fight.

calendar today

Islamic calendar: year 1434

of the year and the 29th day of the Hijri


if there are no clouds the 29th there are 29 day and if you can’t see the moon at sunset

there are 30 day in that month

There are 12 months in an Islamic year

Murraham it means ‘forbidden’

Rabi 1 it means ‘the first spring’

Rabi 2 it means ‘the second or last spring’

Jumada 1 it means ‘the first month of parched land’

Jumada 2 it means ‘the second or last month of parched land’

Rajab it means ‘honor’

Sha‘ban it means ‘scattered’

Ramadan it means ‘scorched’

Shawwal it means ‘raised’

al Qa’da it means ‘the one of truce’

Hijja it means ‘̕the one of pilgrimage

Hijja , Dhu Al-Qa’da and Murraham are the ‘forbidden’ ones in these

10 | P a g e


there are 29 day and if you can’t see the moon at sunset

Qa’da and Murraham are the ‘forbidden’ ones in these

The seven days of the Islamic week:

1. The Sunday: al-Ahad it means ‘the first day’

2. The Monday: al-Ithnayn it means ‘the second day’

3. The Tuesday: ath-Thalaathaa’ it means ‘the third day’

4. The Wednesday: al-Abga’aa’ it means ‘the fourth day’

5. The Thursday: al-Khamis it means ‘the fifth day’

6. The Friday: al-Jumu’ah it means ‘gathering day’

7. The Saturday: as-Sabt it means ‘sabbath day’

Differences

Differences between Gregorian (‘our’) calendar and the Hijri (‘Islamic’) calendar:

� The Gregorian calendar’s starting point is the birth of Jesus in the

year 0

The Hijri’s starting point is when Mohamed goes from Mecca to

Medina in the Gregorian calendar the year 622

� The Gregorian calendar has a fixed amount of days

By the Hijri it depends on the visibility of the moon

� A day in the Gregorian calendar begins at midnight

A day in the Hijri begins at sunset

� The rest day in the Gregorian calendar is the Sunday

The rest day of the Islamic calendar is the Friday

� The weekends in the most Gregorian calendar used countries are

the same

The weekends in most the Hijri used

� In the most countries the Gregorian calendar is the same

There are a lot of different years, months and days in the countries

that use an Islamic calendar some people don’t even know in which year

they are.

The seven days of the Islamic week:

Ahad it means ‘the first day’

Ithnayn it means ‘the second day’

Thalaathaa’ it means ‘the third day’

Abga’aa’ it means ‘the fourth day’

Khamis it means ‘the fifth day’

Jumu’ah it means ‘gathering day’

Sabt it means ‘sabbath day’


The Gregorian calendar’s starting point is the birth of Jesus in the

s starting point is when Mohamed goes from Mecca to

Medina in the Gregorian calendar the year 622

The Gregorian calendar has a fixed amount of days

By the Hijri it depends on the visibility of the moon

A day in the Gregorian calendar begins at midnight

day in the Hijri begins at sunset

The rest day in the Gregorian calendar is the Sunday

The rest day of the Islamic calendar is the Friday

The weekends in the most Gregorian calendar used countries are

the same

The weekends in most the Hijri used countries are different

In the most countries the Gregorian calendar is the same



11 | P a g e


The Gregorian calendar’s starting point is the birth of Jesus in the

s starting point is when Mohamed goes from Mecca to

The Gregorian calendar has a fixed amount of days

A day in the Gregorian calendar begins at midnight

The rest day in the Gregorian calendar is the Sunday

The weekends in the most Gregorian calendar used countries are

countries are different

In the most countries the Gregorian calendar is the same



The End

We hope you enjoyed our presentation or book, and that you are a

little bit smarter now.

We used the sources:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar

http://www.islamicfinder.org/dateConversion.php

joyed our presentation or book, and that you are a

little bit smarter now.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar

http://www.islamicfinder.org/dateConversion.php

12 | P a g e

joyed our presentation or book, and that you are a

The Islamic Calendar

Documents

Transcript of The Islamic Calendar