The Iroquois - Haudenosaunee - Confederacy
description
Transcript of The Iroquois - Haudenosaunee - Confederacy
The Iroquois - Haudenosaunee- Confederacy
Created by, Kasha Mastrodomenicowww.socialstudiesdifferentiatedinstruction.com
Vocabulary• Confederacy: a group of people that are united in an alliance• League: a group of people in a compact or agreement with a
common goal• Reservation: a tract of public land given to a group of people to
set them apart from others• Clan: a group of people of common decent or common family line• Consensus: general agreement• Wampum: a string of beads that was used by the Iroquois for
money, representation of treaties and history, and ornament• Representative Government: a ruling body over the people who
rule based on the people’s will.
Essential Questions
• What nations are members of the Iroquois Confederacy?
• What is the importance of clans?• What are the different roles of men and
women in the Iroquois Confederacy?• What is the process of the Grand Council?
What is the Iroquois Confederacy?
• A league of 6 nations:
Pronunciation
• Haudenosaunee – how-den-o-SHOW-nee• Mohawk – Moh-hawk• Oneida – Oh-nahy-duh • Onondaga – on-uh n-daw –guh• Cayuga – key-yoo-guh or kahy-yoo-guh• Seneca – sen- i- kuh• Tuscarora – tuhs-kuh-rawr-rh
Where was the Iroquois Confederacy?
Where are the Iroquois Located Now?
How was the Iroquois Confederacy Created?
• Hiawatha (Onondaga then adopted as Mohawk as a chief) and Deganawidah known as the peace maker united the tribes and made the Great Law of Peace.
• Tuscarora joined the Iroquois Confederacy in 1722
• video
Hiawatha
Deganawidah
When and Why Did the Iroquois Confederacy Begin?
• Approximately 1142 AD• Purpose: keep peace
between tribes and settle conflicts
Iroquois Clans• The Peacemaker created the clans• The clan system united the nations and
ensured peace among them because they were considered to be family no matter what nation they were in.
• Clan members didn’t marry each other.• Clan members lived together in a
longhouse.• Iroquois were matrilineal. • Each clan had a common female ancestor.• Husbands moved into the wife’s
longhouse. • When a child was born, he or she became
part of the mother’s clan.
Iroquois Clans
Seneca
Older BrothersKeepers of the Western Door
Cayuga
Younger Brothers
Onondaga
Keepers of the Council Fire
Oneida
Younger Brothers
Mohawk
Older Brothers keepers of the Eastern Door
Wolf x x x x x
Bear x x x x x
Turtle x x x x x
Snipe x x
Deer x x
Beaver x x
Heron x x x
Hawk x x
Eel x
Role of Women in the Iroquois Confederacy
Chose and advised the Hoyaneh (Chiefs) on the basis of the Women’s and Men’s Councils
Had a strong indirect influence on decisions
Position was hereditary
Clan Mothers Participated in
Women’s Councils which advised the Clan Mothers
Used consensus
Women
Role of Men in the Iroquois Confederacy
Made decisions for their nation
Represented their nations and clans in the decision making of the Grand Council
Used consensus
HoyanehParticipated in Men’s Councils which advised the Clan Mothers
Participated in decision making for their nation using consensus
Hoyaneh (chiefs) were chosen from among them
Men
The Grand Council
Seneca & Mohawk
reach consensus
Cayuga and Oneida reach
consensus
Onondaga give a
judgment
If all nations agree a
decision is made
Process starts over until there is consensus
What types of decisions are made?• Peace treaties• Trade agreements• War
Decisions were recorded on wampum.
How are decisions made?
How is the Grand Council Chosen?
Hoyaneh3 Clan Mothers
Women’s Council
Men’s CouncilEach
Cla
n
advise
advise
Choose & advise
Represent Clan at Council
Consulting the Clans
Clan meeting
gives everyone
in the clan-
women, men,
children, and Elders – a chance to speak.
Clan Mother informs
clan chief of the
decision the clan reached
by consensus
Clan chief carries
decision to the
Council of chiefs of
the nation
Council of
Chiefs of the nation comes
to a consensus and brings that
decision to the Grand
Council
How Many Representatives Does Each Nation Have?
Grand Council
50 Hoyaneh
Onondaga 14
Oneida 9
Seneca8
Mohawk9
Cayuga10
Essential Questions
• What nations are members of the Iroquois Confederacy?
• What is the importance of clans?• What are the different roles of men and
women in the Iroquois Confederacy?• What is the process of the Grand Council?