The Inversion Effect in HRI: Are Robots Perceived More Like Humans or Objects?
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Transcript of The Inversion Effect in HRI: Are Robots Perceived More Like Humans or Objects?
The Inversion Effect in HRI
Jakub Złotowski & Christoph Bartneck
Anthropomorphism
Measurement tools
Inversion effect
P. Bernard, S. J. Gervais, J. Allen, S. Campomizzi, and O. Klein, “Integrating sexual objectification with object versus person recognition: The sexualized-body-inversion hypothesis,” Psychological Science, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 469–471, 2012.
Research questions Do robots elicit the inversion effect? Can the magnitude of the inversion effect be
used as a measurement tool of a target's anthropomorphism?
Measurements Correctness of participants' responses Reaction times Godspeed Anthropomorphism Scale
Materials (examples)
Materials (examples)
Materials (examples)
Procedure
Procedure
Procedure
Procedure
Procedure
Procedure
+
+
Experimental design
Upright Upside
Object Accuracy and Speed Accuracy and Speed
Robot Accuracy and Speed Accuracy and Speed
Human Accuracy and Speed Accuracy and Speed
NO
YES
?
Participants 47 participants (15 female) Mainly postgraduate and undergraduate
students Age range 18 – 58 years; M = 26.26 From 24 countries, mainly NZ and China Limited or no experience with robots
Inversion effect
Upright Upside down30
30.5
31
31.5
32
32.5
33
Object
Robot
Human
Image orientation
Re
cog
niti
on
acc
ura
cy
Inversion effect
Upright Upside down30
30.5
31
31.5
32
32.5
33
Object
Robot
Human
Image orientation
Re
cog
niti
on
acc
ura
cy
Inversion effect
Upright Upside down30
30.5
31
31.5
32
32.5
33
Object
Robot
Human
Image orientation
Re
cog
niti
on
acc
ura
cy
Inversion effect
Upright Upside down30
30.5
31
31.5
32
32.5
33
Object
Robot
Human
Image orientation
Re
cog
niti
on
acc
ura
cy
Validity of the method
Clusters
Rest Androids
Conclusions Images of people and robots are processed
configurally – robots processed more like humans than objects
Discrepancy between the self-report and cognition Linear relation between the inversion effect and
anthropomorphism New method outperformed by the Godspeed
Anthropomorphism Scale
Limitations and future work Images rather than real robots Embodiments might change in the future Mirroring images might NOT be optimal for
creating distractors Which robots are processed configurally? Replication of the study with industrial and
popular media robots, and toys with anthropomorphic appearance
Thank you!