The international dimension of Backlash Against …...The international dimension of Backlash...
Transcript of The international dimension of Backlash Against …...The international dimension of Backlash...
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The international dimension ofBacklash Against Democracy (BAD)
Lise Rakner, University of Bergen
WIDER Development Conference 14 September 2018
«Aid and Governance»
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In the next 15 minutes I will address:
➢What was democracy assistance all about?
➢What is «the BAD» and what is the international dimension of it?
➢Why do we see an international backlash against democracy?
➢The conflation of governance and democracy
➢A call for democracy assistance for the sake of democracy
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1990-The End of History and the last Man
"What we may be witnessing is not just the end of the Cold War, or the passing of a particular period of post-war history, but the end of history as such: that is, the end point of mankind's ideological evolution and the universalization of Western liberal democracy as the final form of human government.” (Francis Fukuyama 1992: 4)
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Democracy assistance- whatdo we know?1. Quite a bit!
2. It works- when longterm, well designedand «owned».
3. It does not «tamedictators»
4. It does not solvecorruption
5. It is the «goal thatgives» when in conflictwith other aims
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Democracy: Erosion, Backsliding and a Backlash
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What do we know?
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Rights of contestation – institutionalized?
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Organizational rights are attacked
o Ethiopia: Human Rights organization can only receive 10% of their funds from foreign sources
o Zimbabwe: Forbids international support to NGOs providing voter registration support and voter registration
o Tanzania: Cyberlaw (2015)- self censorship
o Zambia: NGO law links registration and scrutiny to Ministry of Information- restricted
o NGOs are the target and it works: The adoption of restrictive NGO finance is associated with a 32% decline in bilateral aid flows in subsequent years (Dupuy and Prakash 2017)
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Judicial independence is challenged
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The international dimension of the backlash against democracy
• «The African democracy fatigue» (Nic van de Walle, 2017)
• Since MDGs, development effectiveness has replaced politicalreforms
• From Ethiopia, Rwanda, Uganda, Tanzania to Mozambique – donors have become complicit in fostering «developmen withoutdemocracy»
• Governance aid have become technocratic and unrelated to politicsand rights discussions
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The conflation of democracy and governance
Department of Comparative Politics
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”When universal values and international laware cast aside, global affairs are governed by force.” (Freedom House 2017)
Department of Comparative Politics
We need to “Break BAD”