The industrial revolution

• The industrial revolution started in England and it spread throughout Europe in the nineteenth century.

The industrial revolution was an agrigultural and economic revolution

Do you remember the other revolutions of this period?

• The American Revolution• The French Revolution

Important facts• Urbanization : lots of people moved from the farms

in the country to the industrialized cities.

• Inventions: there were many inventions in this period for example: the steam engine, the photograph, the spinning jenny

Consequences of urbanization

• There weren’t enough houses so lots of people lived in one big room in terrible conditions.

• Houses were small and dirty. They didn’t have toilets or running water.

• Streets were dirty because people threw the rubbish there

• In these conditions illnesses spread and many people died.

Society was divided

The Poor The Rich

Workhouses

• People who didn’t have a house or a job lived in workhouses

•  Families were split up!

• Children received very little education.

• The food was tasteless.

• The young and old as well as men and women were made to work hard

Child Labour• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GpOHF5SUQ6Y

• How do you feel watching this video?• What do you think child labour is?

Child labour is a very sad phenomenon. During the industrial revolution many children had to work for very little money or food.

Chimney Sweeper

• Does this job exist now?

• Why did children do this job?

• What characteristics did they have?

• What were the consequences of this job?

Charles Dickens

• He was born in 1812• He was a very famous British writer.• He came from a poor family• He had a difficult childhood• When he was 12 he started working in a

factory• He became first a journalist and then a writer• He died in 1870

His novels

• His novels represent the society of his time.• He described people, cities and the traditions

of his time.• He wrote about the terrible condition of poor

children and of many other poor people• His most famous novels are: Oliver Twist, A

Christmas Carol, David Copperfield, Hard Times