The Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution

• Industrial – Having to do with industry, Industrial – Having to do with industry, business or manufacturingbusiness or manufacturing

• Revolution – a huge change or a change Revolution – a huge change or a change in the way things are donein the way things are done

DefinitionDefinition

• Industrial Revolution - A period of change Industrial Revolution - A period of change beginning in the late 18beginning in the late 18thth century, during century, during which goods began to be manufactured by which goods began to be manufactured by power-driven machinespower-driven machines

Industrial Revolution -Industrial Revolution -

Began in ENGLANDBegan in ENGLANDFactories, steam engines are very Factories, steam engines are very

importantimportantThe first industry was the TEXTILE The first industry was the TEXTILE

(CLOTH) INDUSTRY(CLOTH) INDUSTRY

IssuesIssues

Child labor was a huge problemChild labor was a huge problemMore people move to citiesMore people move to citiesPopulation increasesPopulation increases Issues with overpopulation (diseases, Issues with overpopulation (diseases,

crime)crime)Pollution!!!!!!!!Pollution!!!!!!!!

Factory ProductionFactory Production) Concentrates production in oneConcentrates production in one

place [materials, labor].place [materials, labor].

) Located near sources of power Located near sources of power [rather than labor or markets].[rather than labor or markets].

) Requires a lot of capital Requires a lot of capital investmentinvestment[factory, machines, etc.] more[factory, machines, etc.] morethan skilled labor.than skilled labor.

The Factory SystemThe Factory System

Rigid schedule.Rigid schedule.

12-14 hour day.12-14 hour day.

Dangerous conditions.Dangerous conditions.

Mind-numbing monotonyMind-numbing monotony..

Textile FactoryWorkers in England

Textile FactoryWorkers in England

Child labor in textile factoryChild labor in textile factory

Young Coal MinersYoung Coal Miners

Child Labor in the Mines

Child Labor in the Mines

Child Child “hurriers”“hurriers”

John Kay’s “Flying Shuttle”

John Kay’s “Flying Shuttle”

The Power LoomThe Power Loom

James Watt’s Steam Engine

James Watt’s Steam Engine

Steam TractorSteam Tractor

Steam ShipSteam Ship

An Early Steam Locomotive

An Early Steam Locomotive

Later LocomotivesLater Locomotives

The Impact of the Railroad

The Impact of the Railroad

• The problems with the The problems with the Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution– Low wagesLow wages– PollutionPollution– Child laborChild labor– Poor working conditionsPoor working conditions

Factory Wages in Lancashire, 1830

Factory Wages in Lancashire, 1830

Age of WorkerAge of Worker Male WagesMale Wages Female WagesFemale Wages

under 11under 11 2s 3d.2s 3d. 2s. 4d.2s. 4d.

11 - 1611 - 16 4s. 1d.4s. 1d. 4s. 3d.4s. 3d.

17 - 2117 - 21 10s. 2d.10s. 2d. 7s. 3d.7s. 3d.

22 - 2622 - 26 17s. 2d. 17s. 2d. 8s. 5d.8s. 5d.

27 - 3127 - 31 20s. 4d. 20s. 4d. 8s. 7d.8s. 7d.

32 - 3632 - 36 22s. 8d.22s. 8d. 8s. 9d.8s. 9d.

37 - 4137 - 41 21s. 7d.21s. 7d. 9s. 8d.9s. 8d.

42 - 4642 - 46 20s. 3d.20s. 3d. 9s. 3d.9s. 3d.

47 - 5147 - 51 16s. 7d.16s. 7d. 8s. 10d.8s. 10d.

52 - 5652 - 56 16s. 4d.16s. 4d. 8s. 4d.8s. 4d.

57 - 6157 - 61 13s. 6d.13s. 6d. 6s. 4d.6s. 4d.

Industrial Staffordshire

Industrial Staffordshire

Problems of PollutionProblems of Pollution

The Silent HighwaymanThe Silent Highwayman - 1858 - 1858

The New Industrial City

The New Industrial City

Early-19c LondonEarly-19c London

Worker Housing in Manchester

Worker Housing in Manchester

Factory Workers at Home

Factory Workers at Home

Orphanage of children injured working Orphanage of children injured working in textile factoriesin textile factories