The Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution – An Overview• Industrial Revolution – when goods began being

produced more by machines than humans

• Industry – manufacturing goods in factories

• Began in England in the late 1700s; spread quickly to other parts of the world

• England had natural resources like iron &coal

• To create new factories and machines, countries had to have a great supply of raw materials

• The Ind. Revolution occurred right after the Agricultural Revolution; Agriculture: farming

• New tools & ideas led to an increase in crop yield

• More food=healthier people=population explosion

• Increase in population meant Europe needed more clothes…leads to factories

Agricultural Rev. Effect (read and summarize)

Almost everything about farming was sped up, improved and or made easier by the Agricultural Revolution. Because of new ways of planting crops (crop rotation) and new tools (new plows, etc.) farmers crops increased dramatically.

Better nutrition meant healthier mothers, healthier babies, and healthier communities. Life expectancy rose and more and more youths made it into adulthood; in short – it was a population explosion. To put it into perspective, by 1900, Europe, the absolute smallest continent on Earth, had the most people. And those people needed goods, supplies and clothing.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6QKIts2_yJ0

1. When and where did the Ind. Rev. begin?

2. This means manufacturing goods in factories

3. What came first, the Agricultural or Industrial Revolution?

4. These were two very important raw materials during the Industrial Revolution.

5. The main reason the Industrial Revolution began is because Europe needed more _____ for its citizens.

6. The I.R. was a time when ______ began producing more goods than humans

Beginnings of the Industrial Revolution • The first industry to see a big change was the

textile industry around 1790

• Textiles – goods dealing with cloth or clothing

• Textile factories began using steam engine machines

• This led to textiles being produced quickly and cheaply in factories

• More people began to move to cities because factories were there

• This movement from country to city is urbanization

• Before this, most people lived on rural farms(farmers produced enough for family)

• Now, goods were being made for capital gain, not just survival

• http://www.phschool.com/atschool/california/webcodes/history_interactive/myp-4071/common_player.html

Urbanization

No notes!1. This was the first big industry in Europe.

2. Early machines were powered by ____ _____

3. People moved to cities because _______ were found there

4. The movement of people from rural living to city life was called ____________

5. __________ farming means growing enough food for you, your family and community (no profit)

6. When Jethro Tull invented the _____ _____ it helped spark the Agricultural Revolution

7. “Turnip” Townsend came up with ______ ______

The Assembly Line• Even though we had machines, labor forces

were still needed in factories • Labor – another word for work; so a “work

force”• Inventors developed a way to use machines

and humans together; • Their creation = the assembly line • People were given certain jobs to perform

over and over again• It was a step by step process; one person

couldn’t begin until another one finished• Very boring and required little skill• However, this new method of work greatly

increased production• Assembly lines are still used today; just not

as common ; machine assembly lines…

Video clips on assembly line. • http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAsset

Id=576DFD01-821C-4AF4-AE3F-8B83BA15293E&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

• Bill Nye, agriculture, cotton gin, assembly line, etc.

• http://www.history.com/topics/henry-ford/videos/history-of-the-holidays-the-story-of-labor-day

• http://polkadotteacher.blogspot.com/2011/09/snack-mix-assembly-line.html

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NPzLBSBzPI

• I love lucy

Positives of the Industrial Revolution

1. Goods produced quicker and cheaper than before

2. Increase in transportation, like railroads (to move goods)

3. Growth of cities – new ideas and the mixing of culture (urbanization); demographics in cities change

4. Less effort on humans-machines made jobs easier & less tiring

5. Most products were cheaper to buy (supply and demand b pop)

Negatives of the Industrial Revolution1. Long hours and low pay (anyone could do the job)

2. Dangerous and poor working conditions

3. Children often worked in factories for their family

4. Bad living conditions in cities – small apartments

5. There were usually no sewer systems or trash collection

6. More air pollution from factories

7. Led to more diseases because of this poor sanitation

**Eventually labor unions were created to protest for better working conditions

• https://www.schooltube.com/video/2f56490fa0214ba2b1ac/Industrial%20Revolution%20Rap

• http://www.knowmia.com/watch/lesson/34513

• Horrible Histories Child Labor

7 Inventions During the Industrial Revolution –Most important?

• The steam engine –1765; used in factories for machines; later for steam ships and trains

• Cotton gin - 1802; picked out sharp cotton seeds• Railroads – 1812; allowed fast movement of people and

goods across land• Telegraph –1844; allowed communication over a long distance• Steel –1858; much lighter than iron but just as strong;

skyscrapers now possible (Bessemer process)• Telephone – invented in 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell;

would change history forever • The light bulb – Thomas Edison invented in 1880s; no longer

have to use lanterns and candles• “Many of life's failures are people who did not realize how close they

were to success when they gave up.” -Thomas Edison

• http://boyslife.org/games/online-games/575/morse-code-machine/ (Samuel Morse – Morse code)

Journal Entry: “My Life as a Child Factory Worker”

• Imagine you are living during the Industrial Revolution and you are forced to work in a factory (around 1880 in US)

• Write about your life in a 2-3 paragraph journal entry

• What is your life like? What do you do at work? Do you make a lot of money? What do you do when you’re not working? Friends? Where do you live and what is it like?

• Have good grammar, spelling, and capitalization

• When you are done, draw a picture of you living during this time period (at work or outside of work)

• Start off with “Dear Journal” or “Dear Diary”; you can also date the days in your journal (ex. April 12, 1880)